Publication Cover
Orbit
The International Journal on Orbital Disorders, Oculoplastic and Lacrimal Surgery
Volume 29, 2010 - Issue 5
285
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

The Role of Intravenous Methylprednisolone Immunosuppression in the Management of Active Thyroid Eye Disease

, , , , &
Pages 227-231 | Received 27 Oct 2009, Accepted 20 Dec 2009, Published online: 02 Sep 2010

REFERENCES

  • Burch HB, Wartofsky L. Graves’ ophthalmopathy: current concepts regarding pathogenesis and management. Endocr Rev 1993;14:747–793.
  • Gorman CA. Clinical features of Graves’ ophthalmopathy in an incidence cohort. Am J Ophthalmol 1996;121:284–290.
  • Bartalena L, Pinchera A, Marcocci C. Management of Graves’ ophthalmopathy: reality and perspectives. Endocr Rev 2000;21:168–199.
  • Bahn RS, Heufelder AE. Pathogenesis of Graves’ ophthalmopathy. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1468–1475.
  • Perros P, Kendall-Taylor P. Pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1993;4:270–275.
  • Heufelder AE. Pathogenesis of Graves’ ophthalmopathy: recent controversies and progress. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:532–541.
  • Hales IB, Thomas ID. Treatment of thyroid ophthalmopathy with corticoid analogues. Australas Ann Med 1962;11:113–117.
  • Guy JR, Fagien S, Donovan JP, Rubin ML. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy in severe dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Ophthalmology 1989;96:1048–1053.
  • Boulos PR, Hardy I. Thyroid-associated orbitopathy: a clinicopathologic and therapeutic review. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2004;15:389–400.
  • Kahaly GJ, Pitz S, Hommel G, Dittmar M. Randomized, single blind trial of intravenous versus oral steroid monotherapy in Graves’ orbitopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:5234–5240.
  • Zoumalan CI, Cockerham KP, Turbin RE et al. Efficacy of corticosteroids and external beam radiation in the management of moderate to severe thyroid eye disease. J Neuroophthalmol 2007;27:205–214.
  • Mourits MP, Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM, Koornneef L. Clinical activity score as a guide in the management of patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1997;47:9–14.
  • Wiersinga WM. Immunosuppressive treatment of Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1990;1:377–381.
  • Bartalena L, Marcocci C, Pinchera A. Treating severe Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;11:521–536.
  • Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Marinò M et al. Current medical management of Graves ophthalmopathy. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2002;18:402–408.
  • Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Tanda ML et al. Comparison of the effectiveness and tolerability of intravenous or oral glucocorticoids associated with orbital radiotherapy in the management of severe Graves’ ophthalmopathy: results of a prospective, single-blind, randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:3562–3567.
  • Le Moli R, Baldeschi L, Saeed P et al. Determinants of liver damage associated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy in Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 2007;17:357–362.
  • Bahn RS, Gorman CA. Choice of therapy and criteria for assessing treatment outcome in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1987;16:391–407.
  • Mourits MP, van Kempen-Harteveld ML, García MB et al. Radiotherapy for Graves’ orbitopathy: randomised placebo-controlled study. Lancet 2000;355:1505–1509.
  • Gorman CA, Garrity JA, Fatourechi V et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of orbital radiotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmology 2001;108:1523–1534.
  • Ohtsuka K, Sato A, Kawaguchi S, Hashimoto M, Suzuki Y. Effect of steroid pulse therapy with and without orbital radiotherapy on Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 2003;135:285–290.
  • Meyer PA. Avoiding surgery for thyroid eye disease. Eye (Lond) 2006;20:1171–1177.
  • Claridge KG, Ghabrial R, Davis G et al. Combined radiotherapy and medical immunosuppression in the management of thyroid eye disease. Eye (Lond) 1997;11 (Pt 5):717–722.
  • Paridaens D, van den Bosch WA, van der Loos TL, Krenning EP, van Hagen PM. The effect of etanercept on Graves’ ophthalmopathy: a pilot study. Eye (Lond) 2005;19:1286–1289.
  • Durrani OM, Reuser TQ, Murray PI. Infliximab: a novel treatment for sight-threatening thyroid associated ophthalmopathy. Orbit 2005;24:117–119.
  • Krassas GE, Dumas A, Pontikides N, Kaltsas T. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and octreotide treatment in patients with thyroid eye disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1995;42:571–580.
  • Krassas GE, Boboridis K. Recent developments in the medical treatment of thyroid eye disease. Orbit 2006;25:117–122.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.