Patent Briefing

PATENT BRIEFING

BELGIUM

• Belgian Patent 894, 497 (1983) System of forming images by transfer MEAD CORPORATION. F. W. Sanders, G. F. Hildebrand, J. S. Arney and R. F. Wright. A suitable support coated with a layer of pressure-rupturable microcapsules containing a colour former and photohardenable substance is used to form a reverse colour image.
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• Belgian Patent 894, 498 (1983) Colour image formation and films used MEAD CORPORATION. F. W. Sanders, G. F. Hildebrand, J. S. Arney and R. F. Wright. Multicolour images are produced using films supporting pressure-rupturable microcapsules containing colour formers and photohardenable substances sensitive to specific wavelengths. The films were exposed and then developed by pressure with a colour developer.
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• Belgian Patent 894, 499 (1983) System of forming images and impressionable sheets using it MEAD CORPORATION. F. W. Sanders, G. F. Hildebrand, J. S. Arney and R. F. Wright. The films consist of a base coated with pressure-rupturable microcapsules, each of which contains colour formers and photohardenable substances. An image is produced when the film is exposed and pressurized, which selectively releases the colour formers, which react with a developer to give a coloured negative. When UV light is used during the image exposure, a black reverse image is obtained.
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EUROPE

• European Patent Application 68, 314 (1983) Treatment of arthritic complaints by liposomes CIBA-GREIGY A.-G. D. R. Blake. Aqueous desferrioxamine incorporated into liposomes has an avidity for reticuloendothelial cells without loss of stability, and may be administered orally or by intra-articular injection. The drug has an anti-inflammatory effect on joints affected by rheumatoid arthritis without any apparent interactions with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs already used.
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• European Patent Application 68, 324 (1983) Microcapsule preparation for reducing intercranial pressure TANABE SEIYAKU CO. LTD. M. Samejima, G. Hirata and Y. Koida. A microcapsule containing 1 -(4-acetamido- 2-methoxyph enoxy)-3 44-(3 -fluo rophenyl)piperazino]-2-propanol- H CI, whose pre-paration is given, was released more slowly and had no bitter taste compared with a non-coated control.
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• European Patent Application 69, 307 (1983) Liposomes, liposome solutions and gels HOFFMAN-LA ROCHE, F. UND CO. A.-G. C. Heyne. Liposome solutions can be prepared by applying ultrasonic radiation to lecithin in an aqueous phase or in a non-volatile organic solvent containing a dissolved gas. Stirring produces a vesicular gel which on dispersion in water forms liposomes of excellent dispersibility. Further irradiation transforms the solution to a clear gel.
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• European Patent Application 69, 399 (1983) Ubidecarenone-containing liposome and pharmaceutical composition containing it EISAI CO. LTD. M. Takada, T. Yuzuriha, K. Katayama and J. Sunamoto. Ubidecarenone incorporated into liposomes increases the rate of delivery to target organs as demonstrated by comparing radiolabelled molecules with controls.
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• European Patent Application 72, 234 (1983) Improvements of pharmaceutical formulations WELLCOME FOUNDATION LTD. S. R. Leburu. Lipid based liposomal formulations were prepared from Sb-containing antileishmaniasis drugs. All of the drug leakage occurred during the first two weeks of a six-week storage period. The effectiveness of the formulation for the treatment of leishmaniasis was demonstrated in rats. The liposomal dispersion of Na stibogluconate (SSG) is given as a specific example.
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F.R. GERMANY

• German Offentliche 3, 131, 782 (1983) Carbamoylglycero-3-phosphocholines A. NATTERMANN UND CIE. G.M.B.H. H. Betsing and H. H. Lautenschlaeger. ROCH2-C H(0,CNIIR 1)CH2OP(0)(0-)OCH,CH2N Me3 (R and R, = C10_ 2c, n-alkyl) are prepared, and are useful as hydrolysis-resistant phospholipids for liposome production.
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• German Offentliche 3, 224, 484 (1983) Polymer microbeads YEDA RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CO. LTD. S. Margel and U. Beitler. Preparation of polymer beads with diameter 0.03-80 p useful in the preparation of fluorescent, magnetic and immune compositions is described.
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• German Offentliche 3, 228, 237 (1983) Microcapsule composition MITSUBISHI PAPER MILLS LTD. M. Fuchigami. Addition of powdered binder and cellulose, clay, polymer or wax to compositions of microcapsules containing a dye or an adhesive, gave products for use as coatings for carbonless copy paper or pressure-sensitive adhesive tape.
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JAPAN

• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 58 21, 565 (1983) Microcapsules for the detection of antibodies to different bacterial strains FUJI PHOTO FILM CO. LTD. Microcapsules prepared from maleic anhydride/Me vinyl ether copolymer with various denatured strains of Leptospira bound to the surface were able to detect the presence of corresponding antibodies in blood serum in a single test.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 58 24, 516 (1983) Production of microcapsules containing magnetic substances FUJISAWA PHARMACEUTICAL CO. LTD, SAKO, MASAO. MiCTOCapSHIeS containing magnetic particles were administered to patients with cancer and localized at the site of the tumours by using external magnetic forces. The preparation of Fe powder-containing microcapsules is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 58 35, 110 (1983) Sustained release pharmaceutical microcapsules NIPPON KAYAKU CO. LTD. T. Kato. Sustained release of a drug from two-membrane microcapsules, one membrane water-permeable and insoluble, and the other membrane consisting of lecithins, fatty acid sol. metal salts, polyalcohols and/or soluble proteins.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 58 35, 111 (1983) Double-layered microcapsules KANEBO LTD. Double-layered microcapsules may be formed of an outer wall (such as Et cellulose and an ester plasticizer), an inner wall of some peptide, and the core containing a hydrophobic liquid (such as octadecyl myristate). The core liquid may contain perfume, drugs, etc. These microcapsules do not aggregate in high humidity conditions.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 58 38, 219 (1983) Novel leupeptin preparations micaofflocHEmicAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION. Leupeptin encapsulated in liposomes was found to be effective against induced allergic encephalitis in guinea pigs. The liposomal encapsulation of leupepsin is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 58 55, 413 (1983) Enteric microcapsules TANABE SEIYAKU CO. LTD. Hydroxypropyl Me cellulose and Et cellulose in an organic solvent are mixed with a core substance and a film forming promoter, and then cooled to form enteric microcapsules.
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PCT

• PCT International Application 83 00, 089 (1983) Synthetic erythrocytes RUSH-PRESBYTERIAN-ST LUKE'S MEDICAL CENTER. L. Djordjevich, A. D. Ivankovich and W. Gottschalk. Synthetic erythrocytes containing stroma-free Hb in phospholipid membranes remain useful longer than natural erythrocytes and transport sufficient oxygen to sustain a mammal that is exchange transfused.
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• PCT International Application 83 00, 449 (1983) Microencapsulation process MARS INC. L. T. Hayworth. Protein solutions containing numerous amino groups are microencapsulated in polymer membranes.
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UK

• UK Patent Application 2, 103, 927 (1983) Subdermal drug implants COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH (INDIA). J. P. L. Sarin, M. N. Khanna, K. S. Gupta, M. Khanna and S. Singh. Subdermal implants for the controlled release of drugs are prepared by microencapsulating a portion of the drug into microcapsules of non-toxic, biodegradable material such as Et cellulose and dispersing into a supporting matrix the remainder of the drug and a biocompatible material, e.g. a sterol. The mixture is compressed into pellets. The microencapsulation of acedapsone is given as a specific example.
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USA

• US Patent 4, 367, 184 (1983) Mixed uranium dicarbide and uranium dioxide microspheres UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. D. P. Stinton. Nuclear fuel microspheres of UO2/UC2 are prepared by sintering microspheres of UO, and carbon in a CO/Ar atmosphere.
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• US Patent 4, 367, 919 (1983) Durable glass elements MINNESOTA MINING AND MFG CO. C. F. Tung and B. T. Fellows. The composition of durable glass microspheres, free of CaO, especially suitable for retroreflective elements in roadway markings having crushing strength 3 500 kg/cm2 and 5% scattered crystallinity is given.
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• US Patent 4, 376, 151 (1983) Pressure threshold adhesive MOORE BUSINESS FORMS LTD. M. A. Parotta. A pressure-threshold sensitive adhesive composition useful for paper and business forms is comprised of an emulsion of acrylic polymer with stabilizer and defoamer and hollow glass microspheres. When coated on a substrate, the microspheres float to the surface giving a tack-free surface activated at a pressure of 50 lb/in2.
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• US Patent 4, 377, 567 (1983) Lipid membrane liposome drug delivery PROCTOR AND GAMBLE CO. W. B. Gebo. Lipid membrane structures, e.g. liposomes, can be used for administering drugs or radiodiagnostic agents to specific organs. Those used for the liver consist of a mixture of 94-97% polar lipids and 3-6% by weight of diagalactosyl derivative having at least one fatty substituent of diagalactosyl diglyceride, distearoyllecithin + EDTA. When a saline suspension was administered to an animal suffering from lead poisoning, all the lead residues were removed in 7 days.
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