Patent Briefing

Patent Briefing

AUSTRALIA

• Australian Patent Specification 551,154 (1986) Preparing bar-code materials by pressure-sensitive printing KUREHA CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Y. Okada, N. Ahiko, Y. Igarashi and M. Suzuki. A printing material containing a microencapsulated coloured dye was prepared and used. The printed images were not stained by friction and were distinct even after a few months.
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BRAZIL

• Brazilian Pedido 85 01,932 (1985) Device and method for monitoring when a stored product exceeds a preset temperature CIBA-GEIGY A.-G. S. R. Postle and R. P. Barber. A coloured temperature indicator containing diethylphthalate encapsulated dye was placed with frozen peas at —5°C. When the temperature rose above —4°C, the melting point of diethylphthalate, a dark blue colour appeared.
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• Brazilian Pedido 85 01,933 (1985) Temperature monitoring in storage CIBA-GEIGY A.-G. S. R. Postle and R. P. Barber. A coloured temperature indicator containing microencapsulated 1-bromonaphthalene was fixed to a package of frozen peas. When the temperature rose to —1°C, the melting point of the indicator, a bright yellow colour appeared.
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EUROPE

• European Patent Application 154,977 (1985) Glycerol ether phosphatides and their use HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE, F., UND CO., A.-G. M. Breuninger and D. Schmidt. A sterilized multilamellar liposome solution for drug solubilization was prepared.
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• European Patent Application 162,626 (1985) Record material carrying a color developer composition APPLETON PAPERS, INC. R. E. Miller and S. K. Vervacke. The colour developing sheet of a pressure-sensitive copying paper set contains microencapsulated chromogenic material.
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• European Patent Application 171,795 (1986) Self-contained type pressure-sensitive record sheet ICANZAKI PAPER MFG CO., LTD. S. Okamoto and T. Shiozaki. The prepared single-layer type material consists of a mixture of microencapsulated colour former and a colour acceptor coated on a substrate.
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• European Patent Application 174,209 (1986) Pressure-sensitive recording material KUREHA CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Y. Okada, N. Ahiko and Y. Igarashi. The prepared material containing microencapsulated pigment has good durability and accuracy in reading the recordings with an optical instrument.
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• European Patent Application 174,724 (1986) Microencapsulation of polyisocyanates by interchange of emulsions MOORE BUSINESS FORMS, INC. H. Y. Chao. Spherical microcapsules having continuous polymeric walls were prepared for pressure-sensitive copying-paper coatings.
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• European Patent Application 174,868 (1986) Printing material set for preparing bar-code labels KUREHA CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Y. Okada, N. Ahiko and Y. Igarashi. A polyethylene tape coated with microencapsulated carbon black was superposed on bar-code label tape and the material printed using percussion pressure.
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• European Patent Application 175,513 (1986) Tamper-resistant security film MINNESOTA MINING AND MFG co. W. S. Li. The film contains transparent microspheres in a binder, an adhesive and a patterned layer with a dye having lower adhesion to the binder than to the adhesive. When removed, the film splits due to this difference in adhesion.
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• European Patent Application 180,222 (1986) Surface roughening method FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD; FUJI ELECTRIC CORPORATE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, LTD. M. tient) and T. Kato. A variety of substrates may be roughened by coating with light-shielding microparticles, exposing and developing and then etching.
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• European Patent Application 183,555 (1986) Metal isonitrile adducts for preparing radionuclide complexes for labeling and imaging agents HARVARD COLLEGE; MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. A. G. Jones, A. Davison and M. J. Abrams. Coordination complexes of isonitriles with radioactive transition metals were prepared as diagnostic labels for liposomes which were used for detection of blood clots in the lungs.
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• European Patent Application 184,899 (1986) Paramagnetic contrast agents for use in in vivo diagnostic methods using NMR NYEGAARD OG CO. AIS. T. Jacobsen, J. Klaveness and B. J. Lindberg. The prepared contrast agents consist of particulate macromolecules bound to a nonradioactive paramagnetic metal.
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• European Patent Application 186,001 (1986) Interference-resistant liposome specific binding assay TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORP. R. H. Adolfsen, E. Hedaya, A. C. L. Mak and M. Schwarzberg. A method for the removal of serum interferences in liposome immunoassays involves the addition of empty liposomes carrying esters different from the marker liposomes. Interfering species attach to the carrier liposome rather than to the marker liposome.
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• European Patent Application 186,211 (1986) Polymerizable liposome-forming lipid and its use TERUMO CORP. K. Suzuki and H. Yoshioka. Liposomes useful as carriers of Hb and pharmaceuticals were prepared.
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• European Patent Application 186,516 (1986) Microcapsule-containing water-base coating formulation and copying and/or recording material made therefrom MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, INC. M. Asano, M. Takagi, K. Hasegawa and T. Yamaguchi. Carbonless recording or copying paper contains resin-walled microcapsules, a polymer and a filler. The coated paper had excellent smudge resistance.
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• European Patent Application 187,702 (1986) N-(w,co-l-Dialkozy)- and N-(co, or1-dialkenoxy)-alk-1-yl-N,N,N-trisubstituted ammonium surfactants and their pharmaceutical formulations SYNTEX (U.S.A.), INC. D. A. Eppstein, G. H. Jones, P. L. Feigner and R. B. Roman. The title compounds were prepared as pharmaceutical solubilizers and incorporated into liposomes.
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• European Patent Application 188,309 (1986) Microencapsulation of living cells CONNAUGHT LABORATORIES LTD. A. M. F. Sun and H. Marzakhan-Gharapetian. Living cells, such as hybridoma cells and islets of Langerhans, were encapsulated in biocompatible semipermeable mem-branes. The cells are capable of ongoing metabolism.
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• European Patent Application 188,311 (1986) Pharmaceutical formulation of nicardipine and 1,2-dioxy-w-trialkylammonium compounds SYNTEX (U.S.A), INC. D. A. Eppstein, G. H. Jones, P. L. Feigner and R. B. Roman. Small unilamellar vesicles containing nicardipine hydrochloride were prepared.
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• European Patent Application 190,926 (1986) Liposomes, a pack for their use and a composition for use in preparing a liposomal material STERWIN A.-G. J. G. McGurk. The preparation of liposomes for aerosol delivery of drugs, plant regulators or cosmetics is described.
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• European Patent Application 193,164 (1986) Sustained-release pharmaceutical preparation comprising 2-nitroxy-methy1-6-chloro-pyridine and its use FUJISAWA PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. Y. Ueda, S. Furuyarna, F. Shimojo and Y. Shimazaki. The preparation of sustained-release microcapsules for the treatment of vascular disorders is described.
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• European Patent Application 193,414 (1986) Liposomes containing trypanocides D. J. Fluck. The prepared liposomes, after injection into animals, provide long-lived depot effect with adverse tissue reactions at the injection site minimal.
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• European Patent Application 197,776 (1986) Porous bodies D. S. Pepper. Porous silica microspheres average size 100 pm and large pore diameter 1000 nm were prepared.
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• European Patent Application 198,765 (1986) Liposomes GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY. A. Rahman. Liposomes for controlled drug release were prepared.
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• European Patent Application 199,362 (1986) System and apparatus for delayed and pulsed release of biologically active substances MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. M. A. Wheatley, R. S. Langer and H. N. Eisen. Biologically active substances are contained in liposomes and encased within semi-permeable microcapsules which govern the release of the contained substances.
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FR GERMANY

• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,507,562 (1986) Self-extinguishing polymer compositions HOECHST A.-G. H. Staendeke. The prepared compositions containing, inter alia, melamine resin-encapsulated ammonium polyphosphate had good thermal stability.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,544,790 (1986) Adhesive films from suspensions of pressure-sensitive particles in solvents HOECHST GOSEI CO., LTD. K. Kimimura, W. Shimokawa and T. Igarashi. The prepared films, containing polymer microparticles, leave no residue when removed from substrates.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,602,805 (1986) Thermochromic textiles PILOT INK CO., LTD. Y. Shibahashi, N. Nakasuji, T. Kataoka, H. Inagaki, T. Kito, M. Ogaki, N. Matunami, N. Ishimura and K. Fujita. Fabrics were coated with binders containing thermochromic pigments whose particle size depends on fibre denier. A microencapsulated pigment gave fibres blue below 53°C and colourless above.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,602,999 (1986) Immunoassay reagent and procedure HITACHI, LTD. Y. Nomura and K. Makiguchi. Microcapsules containing chelating agents were coupled with an antigen or antibody. The immune reaction released the chelating agent from the microcapsules.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,604,343 (1986) Pressure-sensitive copying paper KANZAKI PAPER MFG CO., LTD. M. Tanaka, S. Irii and T. Shiozaki. A microencapsulated pressure-sensitive copying material had excellent resistance to rubbing, heat and solvents.
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FRANCE

• French Demande 2,571,515 (1986) Encapsulated dye powder for latent electrostatic image development CANON K. K. T. Nakahara, J. Kurimoto, Y. Goseki, T. Koshio, H. Ochi, H. Ushiyama, T. Matsumoto, I. Ohsaki, K. Wakamiya and M. Yamazaki. The microencapsulated dye particles were used in development of a latent electrostatic negative image to obtain image density 1.6 and stability in 3000 successive copies.
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JAPAN

• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 60 214,990 (1985) Photo- and heat-sensitive recording materials FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. T. Usami and T. Tanaka. The microencapsulated recording materials are resistant to staining by abrasion, have high heat sensitivity and are easy to produce.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 00,091 (1986) Polymerizable phosphatidylcholines N. Hasegawa, K. Ejima, Y. Matsushita and H. Tsuchida. Phosphatidylcholine products were prepared which are suitable for use in fine particle microcapsules.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 33,230 (1986) Manufacture of microcapsules NIPPON KAYAKU CO., LTD. M. Nomichi, T. Suzuki, M. Ochi and K. Higashikozono. Thick-walled microcapsules with a high degree of encapsulation and average diameter 50 pm were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 40,213 (1986) Microencapsulation of biologically active substances NITTO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. G. Musa, Y. Ninomiya, T. Numamoto and C. Komamura. The preparation of microcapsules containing a liquid biologically active substance is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 56,352 (1986) Toner of microcapsule type to be fixed by heated roller application KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. K. Watanabe, H. Yamagaki, T. Nagai and T. Tezuka. A microencapsulated toner for electrophotographic use with a heated roller showed excellent characteristics.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 56,354 (1986) Microcapsule toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. T. Tezuka, K. Watanabe, H. Yamazaki and T. Nagai. The microencapsulated electrostatographic toners exhibit g,00d pressure fixability and antioffset and antisticking properties.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koko 61 56,355 (1986) Microcapsule toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. T. Tezuka, K. Watanabe, H. Yamazaki and T. Nagai. Microcapsule electrostatographic toners with a vinyl resin core to the capsules exhibit good pressure-fixability and antioffset and antisticking properties.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 59,351 (1986) Microcapsule electrostatographic toner CANON K. K. T. Nakahara, T. Matsumoto, T. Koshio, M. Yamazaki, I. Osaki, Y. Goseki, K. Wakamiya, J. Kurimoto and N. Ushiyama. The prepared toner contains microencapsulated pressure-fixable component which has excellent fixability under relatively low pressure and produces high-quality copies in repeated cycles.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 59,363 (1986) Electrophotographic process CANON K. K. N. Ushiyama, T. Hasegawa, T. Matsumoto, T. Koshio, M. Yamazaki, I. Osaki, Y. Goseki, T. Nakahara, K. Wakamya and J. Kurimoto. The described electrophotographic process involves pressure fixing of the microencapsulated toner images on the receptor paper.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 69,801 (1986) Preparation of derivatives of natural polysaccharides as coating materials for pharmaceutical-containing liposomes J. Sunamoto, H. Hamazaki, T. Sato and H. Kondo. Pharmaceutical-containing microspheres, microcapsules, liposomes etc., are stabilized by coating with polysaccharide derivatives.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 83,201 (1986) Polymer microparticles with resin-quality-modifying capability NIPPON PAINT CO., LTD. K. Kanda, T. Kuwajima, K. Kids and S. Ishikura. Polymer microparticles of size 0.0.1-6.0 pm are useful in modifying heat resistance, antisoftening, antiblocking and weatherability of coatings or plastic products.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 83,533 (1986) One-sheet color image-forming sheet TOSHIBA CORP. Y. Hosaka. Microcapsules with transparent shells are supported on the colour image-forming sheet on which colour images are formed by exposure with reflected light from a colour original.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 83,549 (1986) Preparation of microcapsule toner CANON K. K. Y. Goseki, T. Matsumoto, J. Kurimoto, T. Ochi, N. Ushiyama, T. Nakahara, I. Osaki, T. Koshio, M. Yamazaki and K. Wakamiya. The prepared magnetic microcapsule toner exhibited good pressure fixability, durability, antioffset properties and storage stability.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 83,550 (1986) Preparation of magnetic microcapsule toner CANON K. K. Y. Goseki, T. Matsumoto, J. Kurimoto, T. Ochi, N. Ushiyarna, T. Nakahara, I. Osaki, T. Koshio, M. Yamazaki and K. Wakamiya. The prepared magnetic microcapsule toner exhibited good pressure fixability, durability, antioffset properties and storage stability.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 84,301 (1986) Abrasion-resistant alloy microspheres PILOT PEN CO., LTD. H. Nakada, K. Toyoda, M. Kawakami and M. Tsunoda. The prepared microspheres have high sphericity, good abrasion and corrosion resistance, good weldability and workability and are useful for fountain pen tips.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 85,396 (1986) Phosphatidylcholine NIPPON OILS AND FATS CO., LTD. Y. Noguchi, Y. Nakano, 0. Nakachi and H. Konishi. The preparation of phosphatidylcholine, useful for liposome formation, is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 85,473 (1986) Polymer compositions for electric parts sealing NIPPON ICASEI K. K., IWAKI. S. Sakamoto and J. Sugai. Polymer compositions with good adhesion and covering ability for potting of electric parts, e.g. transistors and for sealing switches etc. contain heat expandable fine plastic particles.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 86,283 (1986) Thermal recording materials FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. T. Usami, T. Tanaka and S. Yoshida. Thermal recording materials consist of a substrate carrying a microencapsulated leuco dye, average particle diameter ‘. 8 pm, and a developer.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 86,285 (1986) Thermal recording materials FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. T. Usami, T. Tanaka and S. Yoshida. Thermal recording materials containing microencapsulated colour-forming components which gave clear black images without any scum formation on the thermal head were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 86,941 (1986) Oil-containing microcapsules JAPAN SYNTHETIC RUBBER CO., LTD. M. Hattori, H. Takeuchi, K. Kasai and N. Sakurai. Spherical microcapsules of average diameter 10 itin containing toluene were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 87,689 (1986) Phosphatidylcholines NIPPON OILS AND FATS CO., LTD. Y. Noguchi, H. Konishi and 0. Nakachi. The preparation of phosphatidylcholines, useful for liposome production was described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 87,758 (1986) Phthalide compounds YAMADA CHEMICAL CO., LTD. H. Fujisaki, M. Takemura, S. Madono and K. Tsunemitsu. The compounds are coloured blue to green in high density and are useful in pressure-sensitive copying papers and heat-sensitive recording papers giving a transferred image with high density and light-resistance.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 88,273 (1986) Electrostatographic developers CANON K. K. T. Ochi, N. Uchiyama, T. Nakahara, T. Koshio, T. Koshio, T. Matsumoto, I. Osaki, K. Wakayama, K. Wakamya and M. Yamazaki. The microencapsulated electrostatographic developers showed good anti-offset properties, good storage stability and good fixing characteristics.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 88,277 (1986) Electrostatographic development CANON K. K. T. Nakahara, T. Ochi, N. Ushama, N. Ushiyama, Y. Goseki, T. Matsumoto, T. Koshio, K. Wakayama, M. Yamazaki and I. Osaki. A microencapsulated toner useful for electrostatographic jumping development was prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 89,881 (1986) Recording material FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. M. Kiritani, T. Tanaka and T. Usami. A recording material containing microencapsulated leuco dyes, useful for thermal- or pressure-sensitive recording, shows little or no coloration by UV light and produces high-density,high-contrast images.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 89,882 (1986) Thermal recording materials FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. T. Usami, T. Tanaka and S. Yoshida. The title microencapsulated thermal recording materials are stable before and after thermal recording, have good colouring properties and prevent scum formation on thermal heads.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 91,279 (1986) Sheet gaskets impregnated with peroxide-free anaerobically curable compositions NIHON HERMETICS CO., LTD: TOYOTA MOTOR CO., LTD. T. Asako, T. Chiba, T. Kitada, N. Takahashi and S. Shibata. Sheet gaskets coated with, together with other materials, microencapsulated aromatic amines, show good leak resistance at changing temperatures and pressures.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 92,884 (1986) Image recording system and methods FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. F. Kakimi. The image recording system has a layer carrying a micro-encapsulated tacky liquid and a receptor sheet. The system and printing process are useful for computer readout printing especially when several prints are required.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 92,891 (1986) Thermal recording materials FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. T. Usami, T. Tanaka and M. Kiritani. Microencapsulated recording material was applied in thermal printing to show high colour density and good recording stability.
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• Japan Kokai Micky° Koho 61 95,016 (1986) Spacers JAPAN SYNTHETIC RUBBER CO., LTD. K. Kasai, M. Hattori, H. Takeuchi and N. Sakurai. Spherical coated polymer particles of diameter 1 gm are useful for liquid crystal displays, controlling the distance between electrode plates and as protective coatings in pressure-sensitive copying paper.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 95,980 (1986) Thermal recording material FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. S. Yoshida, T. Endo and S. Tatsuta. Microencapsulated thermal recording material has good storage stability, high thermal colour developability and is fixable by photodecompo-sition of unreacted diazo compound.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 99,154 (1986)Microcapsule toner for pressure fixing CANON K. K. J. Kurimoto, T. Nakahara, T. Ochi, N. Ushama, T. Matsumoto, I. Oosaki, Y. Goseki, T. Koshio, K. Wakamya and M. Yamazaki. A microencapsulated toner was prepared containing abrasive materials in the core which revent production of blank spots and stains on copies and increases the durability of the capsules.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 99,164 (1986) Electrophotographic development CANON K. K. J. Kurimoto, T. Ochi, N. Ushama, T. Nakahara, I. Oosaki, T. Matsumoto, T. Koshio, Y. Goseki, M. Yamazaki and K. Wakamya. Microcapsule toners containing abrasive particles are used to develop electrostatic latent images formed on an organic photoconductor-type electrophotographic photoreceptor.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 100,492 (1986) Pressure-sensitive recording sheets FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. M. Sano, Y. Saeki, M. Morigaki, N. Koyakata and M. Satomura. Microencapsulated pressure-sensitive recording sheets showing excellent light stability were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 100,518 (1986) Freeze-dried dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes containing therapeutic arachidonic acid derivatives ONO PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. J. Mizutani, S. Shioda and M. Inaba. Arachidonic acid metabolites, their analogues, inhibitors of enzymes synthesizing arachidonic acid derivatives and sugars are included in the title liposomes, which are stable, and are used clinically for the control of arachidonic acid metabolism.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 101,578 (1986) Adhesives SEKISUI CHEMICAL CO., LTD. U. Ootake, M. Myazaki and K. Yamano. Adhesive compositions cOnsisting of an adhesive and thermal expansion microcapsules have excellent repetitive adhesion and peeling properties.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 108,641 (1986) Resol foam microspheres UNITIKA LTD. Y. Echigo, Y. $uematsu, T. Ishikura, K. Asami and R. Shitei. Monosubstituted resols were prepared as particles of size 100 gm.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 110,588 (1986) Transfer-imaging system and printing method FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. M. Sato. An imaging system and process are described which are especially useful when several copies are required of a document prepared on a word processor.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 110,592 (1986) Thermal transfer recording medium CANON K. K. N. Kushida, M. Katayama, K. Tanaka and H. Sato. The recording medium contains microencapsulated volatile organic liquids and produces high quality prints on paper with poor surface smoothness.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 113,226 (1986) Electrolytic capacitors MARCON ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. T. Maruyama. Microcapsules containing an electrolyte are attached to anode and cathode foils which are rolled, packaged and heat treated. The electrolyte is released and an electrolytic capacitor with improved tan 5 is produced.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 113,629 (1986) Expandable compositions and their foams KANEGAFUCHI CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Y. Kimura, H. Shimazu and T. Saito. Expandable compositions containing, inter alia, microencapsulated blowing agents were heated to produce fire-resistant foams.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 114,247 (1986) Production of microcapsule toners FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. N. Hosoi. Microcapsule toners exhibiting good oil-holding properties, flowability and storage stability were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 116,593 (1986) Multicolor optical recording method SEIKO INSTRUMENTS AND ELECTRONICS, LTD. H. Sakojiri. A multicolour image recording method utilizing microencapsulated toners is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 118,133 (1986) Microencapsulation method using melamine resin prepolymer ICANZAKI PAPER MFG CO., LTD. S. Shioi, K. Aramitsu, G. Matoba and A. Miyake. A method especially useful for the preparation of colour-former microcapsules for pressure-sensitive copying paper is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,161 (1986)Microcapsule type tonersKINOSHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. T. Tezuka, K. Watanabe, H. Yamazaki and T. Nagai. Microencapsulated toners containing polymers in the core exhibit good pressure fixability and anti-offset and anti-sticking properties.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,162 (1986)Microcapsule type toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. T. Nagai, H. Yamazaki, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. A microencapsulated toner exhibiting good pressure-fixability and anti-offset properties and providing high-quality images without fog was prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,163 (1986)Microcapsule type toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. T. Nagai, H. Yamazaki, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. A microencapsulated toner containing silicon in the core exhibits good fixability and anti-offset properties and provides high-quality images without fog.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,632 (1986)Microencapsulation in preparation of electrophotographic toners KINISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. T. Nagai, H. Yamazaki, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. Microencapsulated electrophotographic toners with improved storage stability and durability were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,633 (1986) Microencapsulation in preparation of electrophotographic toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. H. Yamazaki, T. Nagai, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. The use of a catalyst during the microencapsulation process in the preparation of electrophotographic toners is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,634 (1986) Microencapsulation in preparation of electrophotographic toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. H. Yamazaki, T. Nagai, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. The described process provides microcapsules containing reduced amounts of free epoxy compounds with well-controlled shell thickness and improved shell strength.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,635 (1986)Microencapsulation in preparation of electrophotographic toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. K. Watanabe, H. Yamazaki, T. Nagai and T. Tezuka. The preparation of microcapsules is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 123,583 (1986) Thermal-transfer printing sheets MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. T. Kobashi, H. Ezaki and H. Onishi. Printing sheets containing microencapsulated solvent which increases solvating power for binder and/or colouring agent were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 125,116 (1986)Capacitor MARCON ELECTRICS CO., LTD; KUNIMI DENSHI K. K. T. Maruyama and M. Hirozawa. An electrode foil is coated with microcapsules containing an electrolyte then impregnated by pressing to break the icrocapsules, producing a capacitor.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 125,117 (1986) Manufacture of electrolytic capacitors MARCON ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. T. Maruyama and M. Hirozawa. Electrolytic capacitors can be mass-produced without using large-scale impregnation equipment by coating the electrodes and/or spacers with microencapsulated electrolyte or insulating oil and heating to allow the microcapsule contents to be absorbed by the capacitor elements.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 126,016 (1986) Microencapsulation of unsaturated anticholesteremic fatty acids TOA GOSEI CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. S. Shimizu and H. Kato. The preparation of microencapsulated unsaturated fatty acids is described.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 133,863 (1986) Apparatus for immunochemical analysis TOSHIBA CORP. M. Hado, Y. Ishimori, M. Koyama, S. Ando and K. Okamato. An apparatus for immunochemical analysis using labelling substance contained in liposomes by the complement lysis method.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 133,864 (1986) Method and reagents for determination of human carcinoembryonic antigen TOSHIBA CORP. Y. Ishimori, M. Hado and M. Koyama. Human carcinoembryonic antigen or anti-human CEA antibody is bound to a labelling substance contained in liposomes using a crosslinking agent.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 135,744 (1986) Identification cards KYODO PRINTING CO., I.TD. K. Iwagami, T. Miura, K. Tanabe and K. Miura. A durable fraud-proof identification card is prepared using a microencapsulated liquid crystal ink.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 135,793 (1986) Stencil material FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. F. Kakimi and M. Sato. Stencil material for imaging with an impact printer is prepared by incorporating dense microcapsules dispersed in a binder resin in a porous support.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 136,433 (1986) Microcapsulated powdered emulsion KIKUSUI-KAGAKU KOGYO CO., LTD. K. Sugimoto, M. Koishi, K. Watanabe and M. Tooyama. Microen-capsulated powdered emulsions containing pigments and/or mildewcides are especially useful in coatings for colouring concrete.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 137,770 (1986) Pressure-sensitive recording sheet FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. M. Sano, Y. Saeki, K. Iwakura and M. Satomura. A microencapsulated pressure-sensitive recording sheet was prepared in which both the microcapsules and the developed dye have improved light stability.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 137,787 (1986) Thermal transfer MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. H. Ezaki, H. Oonishi and T. Kobashi. A transfer imparting continuous gradation contains microcapsules breakable by pressure and heat.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 137,794 (1986) Thermal-transfer recording method RICOH CO., LTD. N. Katsumata. The method provides original sheets giving many copies by thermal transfer by having a layer of microcapsules containing a solvent capable of softening or dissolving the dye.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 139,481 (1986) Recording sheet FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. M. Sano, Y. Saeki, K. Iwakura and M. Satomura. A recording material contains microencapsulated colourless dye. Both the microcapsules and the developed dye have a considerably improved light stability.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 148,278 (1986) Adhesive microsphere aqueous suspensions HOECHST GOSEI CO., LTD. K. Kimimura, W. Shimokawa and T. Igarashi. Suspensions containing microcapsules of size 5–200 pm are useful in preparing resealable adhesives.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 151,126 (1986) Prostaglandin A, emulsions TEIJIN LTD. Y. Mizushima, Y. Shoji, M. Fukushima and S. Kurozumi. A lipid microsphere preparation containing anticancer and antiviral formulations administered orally to cancer cell-bearing mice prolonged their life span.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 152,623 (1986) Microencapsulation of tryptophan ICHIMARU FARUKOSU K. K. Y. Chikamatsu, Y. Ando, K. Hasebe and K. Hayashi. Tryptophan microcapsules which mask the bitter taste of tryptophan are suitable for formulation as compressed tablets.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 152,775 (1986) Electrically conductive coatings TOSHIBA CORP. T. Shimizu and H. Kozu. A microencapsulated electrically conductive coating gives a durable electromagnetic shield on a plastic surface.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 171,707 (1986) Polyacrolein microparticles as carrier for agglutination tests NIPPON KAYAKU CO., LTD. The addition of sodium hydrogen sulphite to the aqueous medium for the polymerization of acrolein at an alkaline pH controls the particle size. The sensitized particles can be used in the detection of rheumatoid factor in blood serum, for example.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 171,788 (1986) Manufacture of latent heat-storage compositions AGENCY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY. K. Hayakawa, H. Taoda, H. Yamakita, M. Tazawa and K. Kawase. A latent heat-storage composition consists of a crystalline organic compound or a polymer sealed in elastic microcapsules.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 178,006 (1986) Coagulants for filtration of microparticles Y. Otari. Coagulation of microparticles of size ism in water is increased for filtration purposes by the addition of extra anionic coagulant after addition of cationic coagulant.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 197,513 (1986) Preparation of liposomes containing pharmaceuticals ICHIMARU FARUKOSU K. K. T. Hands, Y. Kawashima and H. Takeuchi. Ferritin-containing stable liposomes were prepared.
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PCT

• PCT International Application 85 04,880 (1985) Fused liposome by acid induced method UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE RESEARCH CORP. L. Huang and J. Connor. Prepared pH-sensitive liposomes were fused to deliver biologically active molecules, e.g. DNA into living cells.
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• PCT International Application 86 03,676 (1986) Small particle formation and encapsulation OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION. A. F. Brodin, S. Ding and S. G. Frank. Felodipine microencapsulated in gelatin was prepared.
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SOUTH AFRICA

• South African Patent 84 02,657 (1985) High angularity retroreflective sheeting and method for manufacture MINNESOTA MINING AND MFG CO. T. R. Bailey. Embedded-lens retroreflective sheeting, capable of being repeatedly stretched and relaxed while retaining its retroreflective properties contains transparent nonstretchable microspheres.
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UK

• UK Patent Application 2,156,345 (1985)Alkylamine salts of 3,5-diacetylamino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid as X-ray contrast agents E. R. SQUIBB AND SONS, INC. M. L. Robinson, F. Ridgway and P. Timmins. Liposomes containing the title compounds were prepared.
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• UK Patent Application 2,157,283 (1985) Esters of 3,5-diacetylamino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid as X-ray contrast agents E. R. SQUIBB AND SONS, INC., I. Charles and M. L. Robinson. Homogeneous liposomal mixtures of the title materials were prepared.
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• UK Patent Application 2,160,671 (1985) Heat-sensitive recording material FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. T. Usami and T. Tanaka. The prepared recording material having excellent thermal response and in which halftone images can be reproduced contains 2 kinds of microcapsules.
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• UK Patent Application 2,160,992 (1986)Heat-sensitive recording material FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. M. Iwasaki, H. Kamikawa and T. Usami. Thermal recording materials with a white background, excellent storability, high colour density and photofixability after thermal recording contain a microencapsulated diazo compound.
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• UK Patent Application 2,170,492 (1986) Composite materials UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. E. S. Lane. The preparation of composite materials consisting of a microencapsulated organic liquid, e.g. a waste material retained within a matrix of an inorganic material is described.
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• UK Patent Application 2,170,755 (1986) Pressure-sensitive materials SANYO-KOKUSAKU PULP CO., LTD. T. Shibano, I. Kimura, H. Nomoto and S. Maruchi. Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes and sheets with good ink receptivity and release have adhesive layers containing elastomer microspheres.
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• UK Patent Application 2,171,105 (1986) Intumescent fire retardant compositions T. W. Palmer. The prepared compositions which considerably increase the time required for substrates to reach a temperature of 93°C contain insulating spheroids.
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USA

• US Patent 4,578,339 (1986) Photosensitive imaging system employing oil-containing microcapsules MEAD CORP. D. G. Adkins. A system is described consisting of a sheet with a layer of photosensitive microcapsules and a developer sheet containing a layer of microencapsulated oil in which the chromogenic substance is soluble.
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• US Patent 4,578,340 (1986) Free particle abrasion development of imaging sheets employing photosensitive microcapsules MEAD CORP. E. J. Saccocio, T. K. Kiser, R. F. Wright and D. L. Head. The material contains a chromogenic material and a photosensitive material contained in microcapsules rupturable by free particle abrasion.
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• US Patent 4,586,060 (1986) Microencapsulation process, multi-walled microcapsules, and transfer sheet record material A. E. Vassiliades. Pressure-sensitive copying paper producing brilliant blue images even after heating at 100°C for 3 hours contained thick-walled microcapsules with low porosity and high mechanical and thermal stability.
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• US Patent 4,587,194 (1986) Photosensitive material employing microcapsules having different photographic speeds MEAD CORP. P. C. Adair, C. Lee and F. D. Loel. Two or more image colours may be produced by using an imaging material containing microcapsules having different film speeds and exposing at different intensities or exposure times.
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• US Patent 4,588,698 (1986) Encapsulated scintiliators for measuring the concentration of tritiated solutes UNIVERSITY PATENTS, INC. S. M. Gruner and G. Kirk. A microencapsulated scintillator in a selectively permeable gel is accessible to small 41-labelled molecules but not to large 3H-labelled molecules.
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• US Patent 4,596,996 (1986) Pressure-sensitive recording sheet APPLETON PAPERS, INC. R. W. Sandberg, B. W. Brockett and K. A. Blythe. A pressure-sensitive recording material consists of a support carrying two layers of microcapsules, reducing 'the quantity of colour-former required.
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• US Patent 4,600,389 (1986) Dental restoration method and composition MAGNETIC ACTIVATED PARTICLE SORTING, INC. A. Schwartz. Microbead encapsulated rare earth chelated fluorescent compounds are incorporated into dental materials which are applied and allowed to set and harden at the site.
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• US Patent 4,606,939 (1986) Small particle formation OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION. S. G. Frank, A. F. Brodin, C. M. J. Chen and R. Shrivastava. A process is described for the simultaneous formation and encapsulation of small particles 2 pm of pharmaceutically active compounds.
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• US Patent 4,610,868 (1986) Lipid matrix carriers for use in drug delivery systems LIPOSOME CO., INC. M. W. Fountain, S. J. Weiss, J. J. Kearns, A. L. Weiner and M. C. Popescu. Lipid matrix carriers of globular structure provide for the sustained release of bioactive agents.
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• US Patent Application 808,700 (1986) Serum complement assay method UNITED STATES DEPT OF THE NAVY. B. Gaber and A. L. Plant. An assay providing a fast, inexpensive and reproducible method for the determination of complement activity uses liposomes having an antigen-bound phospholipid in the membrane and an enclosed marker.
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USSR

• USSR Patent 1,249,051 (1986) Microencapsulated anaerobic composition D. A. Aronovich, A. F. Murokh, A. P. Sineokov, E. L. Lykova, R. P. Stankevich, M. S. Vilesova, V. Ya. Kiselev and 0. G. Solokhina. The preparation of a microencapsulated anaerobic composition is described.
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