Patent Briefing

PATENT BRIEFING

EUROPE

• European Patent Application 172,007 (1986) Stable liposomes with aqueous-soluble medicaments SYNTEX (U.S.A.), INC. P. L. Feigner and D. A. Eppstein. Liposomes prepared from given lipids are more stable, have a higher capture efficiency and are more easily prepared than known liposomes. Those containing interferon are suitable for topical application by nasal drops, aerosols or suppositories.
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• European Patent Application 187,022 (1986) Phospholipid conjugates TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORP. D. R. Hwang, M. E. Scott and E. Hedaya. Immunoreactive phospholipid conjugates for homogeneous liposome immunoassays were prepared.
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• European Patent Application 188,807 (1986) Microencapsulating oils containing products which produce thereby a color reaction, microcapsules produced and their use in color reaction recording systems PAPIERFABRIK AUGUST KOEHLER A.-O. G. Pietsch and K. H. Schrader. A process is described for the microencapsulation of hydrophobic oils containing dissolved colour reaction partner of a colour reaction system. The microcapsules can be used in a pressure-sensitive copying paper.
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• European Patent Application 190,833 (1986) Microcapsule production TAKEDA CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD. M. Yamamoto, S. Takada and Y. Ogawa. Sustained release microcapsules containing a water-soluble drug can be administered in various methods, such as implants and injections.
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• European Patent Application 193,208 (1986) Lyophilization of reagent-coated particles and their use TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORP. A. M. Spadaro, T. J. McLoughlin and P. V. Engler. A method for lyophilizing reagent-coated particles so that both reagent activity and particle suspension dispersity are retained is described.
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• European Patent Application 194,517 (1986) Nonradioactively labeled microspheres and use of same to measure blood flow W. E. Shell and J. R. See. Measurement of blood flow to a particular tissue in experimental animals is determined by measurement of injected microspheres of latex, agarose etc., labelled with dyes or enzymes, in the blood stream and tissue sample.
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• European Patent Application 194,644 (1986) Biodegradable microspheres W. E. Shell and J. R. See. Biodegradable microspheres dyed with an X-ray absorbent material are injected into the blood stream so that they travel in the arteries to their target, where they lodge. They are used to visualize the arterial circulation for diagrams of pulmonary embolism after exposure to X-rays.
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• European Patent Application 196,880 (1986) Sac including a detectable marker and use thereof in an assay BECTON, DICKINSON AND CO. J. P. O'Connell, U. Piran and D. B. Wagner. Sacs, vesicles, microcapsules or liposomes, sensitized with an antigen, antibody or hapten and containing a dye can be used in assays where the sacs are lysed and the dye released. For example HCG can be detected in urine in a pregnancy test.
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• European Patent Application 200,381 (1986) Solid-phase system and apparatus for use in ligand-receptor assays, particularly immunoassays HYBRITECH, INC. A. S. Rubenstein. The system for use in immunoassays and nucleic acid probe assays consists of a porous matrix entrapping microspheres bound to a receptor capable of capturing a target ligand. More than one receptor may be employed enabling the detection of 2 analytes to be accomplished.
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• European Patent Application 201,211 (1986) Method and compositions for visual solid phase immunoassays based on luminescent microspheric particles WHI'rTAKER CORP. M. T. Pourfarzaneh and M. H. Khalil. An analyte, e.g. human a-interferon, was detected using fluorescent microspheres coated with monoclonal antibody.
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• European Patent Application 202,017 (1986) Artificial microcompartmentalized structures and processes for the manufacture thereof RAFA LABORATORIES LTD. S. Ben-Sasson. Spherical semipermeable microcompartments with a diameter 1–10 pm were prepared which can be filled with human Hb.
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FR GERMANY

• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,410,238 (1985) Glycolipid-like substances in liposome form BAYER A.-G. K. Schlossmann, A. Zembrod, 0. Lockhoff, H. P. Kroll, K. G. Metzger, H. G. Opitz, A. Paessens, K. Schaller, G. Streissle et al. Liposomes of average size 110 nm were prepared which showed immunostimulant activity both in vitro and when administered subcutaneously to mice.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,511,012 (1986) Multilayer element for agglutination tests BEHRINGWERKE A.-G. H. E. Pauly. A multilayer test element and a method for the detection of an analyte, e.g. antibodies to streptolysin 0, by agglutination or agglutination inhibition tests are described.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,515,335 (1986) Pharmaceutical formulation containing dihydropyridines BAYER A.-G. K. Schlossmann, A. Zembrod, S. Kazda, P. Serno and B. Klinksiek. Incorporating dihydropyridine cardiovascular agents into liposomes for parenteral administration provides good bioavailability by overcoming their poor solubility in water.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,516,065 (1986) Correction fluid for recording media PELIKAN A.-G. C. Hartmann, G. Pietsch and F. Rieche. Universally applicable correction fluids which have a long shelf life and release only small amounts of organic solvents in use contain pigments, fillers, binders, colour-forming systems and microencapsulated water-immiscible solvents.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,523,361 (1987) Color photographic material using thermal development process and auxiliary sheet therefore AGFA-GEVAERT A.-G. K. W. Schranz and G. Schenk. A colour diffusion-transfer photothermographic process is described, consisting of a support, one layer of which carries a red-sensitive silver halide emulsion, a dye precursor and a developer. After exposure to red light and lamination to a sheet containing microencapsulated glycerin and water, and then heating, a cyan transfer image was formed.
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• German Offenlegungsschrift 3,621,458 (1987) Solid soap containing dispersed microcapsules LION CORP. Y. Nakagawa, T. Kamura, H. Arai, M. Takizawa and S. Konishi. Microencapsulated hydrophobic liquids are added to solid soaps, the liquids being released when the soap is used in water.
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JAPAN

• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 58 92,591 (1983) Pressure sensitive microcapsule sheets KANZAKI PAPER MFG. CO., LTD. The pressure-sensitive microcapsule sheet contains amylose inclusion compound particles, which prevent rupture of the microcapsules at relatively low pressure.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 58 96,587 (1983) Diazo pressure-sensitive image recording materials RICOH CO., LTD. The diazo pressure-sensitive image recording materials consist of a diazo compound, a coupler and a microencapsulated alkaline substance.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 88,272 (1986) Microcapsule toners CANON K. K. N. Ushiyama, T. Ochi, T. Koshio, I. Osaki, T. Matsumoto, I. Oosaki, T. Matsumoto, Y. Goseki, M. Yamazaki and K. Wakamya. Microcapsule toners with a stable triboelectric charge and good durability have an electrically conductive fine powder in the neighbourhood of the surface of the core.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 100,492 (1986) Pressure-sensitive recording sheetsFUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. M. Sano, Y. Saeki, M. Morigaki, N. Koyakata and M. Satomura. Pressure-sensitive recording sheets containing microencapsulated electron-donating dyes and quinoline deriva-tives have excellent light stability.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 110,593 (1986) Thermal-transfer recording material CANON K. K. N. Kushida, M. Katayama, K. Tanaka and H, Sato. A material giving high density sharp images even on a rough receptor surface consists of a substrate carrying two layers, one of which is microencapsulated.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 114,234 (1986) Imaging system using photosensitive microcapsules containing 3-substituted coumarin and other photobleachable sensitizers MEAD CORP. An image forming sheet consisting of a support coated with a layer of photosensitive microcapsules, when exposed to fluorescent light, gives a picture with a white background.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 114,248 (1986) Capsule toners FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. F. Kakimi. A microcapsule toner with a low angle of repose and good flowability has a wall whose surface contains or is covered with hydrophobic silica particles of average size 0 pm.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 118,762 (1986) Microcapsule toners KONISHUROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. H. Yamazaki, T. Nagai, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. Microcapsules showing good pressure fixability contain a copolymer of a (meth)acrylic acid ester(s) as a core substance with a vinyl ester as a wall material.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 118,763 (1986) Pressure-fixing electrostatic images KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. K. Watanabe, H. Yamazaki, T. Nagai and T. Tezuka. Poly(butyl acrylate) and Fe304 were microencapsulated with a urea-formaldehyde condensation product and the microcapsules further coated with styrene-butyl methacrylate polymer to give pressure-fixing toners with flow-initiation pressure of 300–600 kg cm–2.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 118,764 (1986) Preparation of microcapsule toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. T. Tezuka, K. Watanabe, H. Yamazaki and T. Nagai. Developers prepared by interfacial polymerization with the catalyst in the aqueous medium provide microcapsule toners with well-formed walls and good pressure fucability.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,158 (1986) Developers for electrostatic image development KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. H. Yamazaki, T. Nagai, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. Developers which prevent the adhesion of the toner to the carrier and show good durability and stability consist of a magnetic microcapsule carrier and a nonmagnetic toner.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,159 (1986) Microcapsule toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. H. Yamazaki, T. Nagai, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. Microcapsule toners showing good pressure fucability and anti-offset properties contain a copolymer of 2 (meth) acrylic esters as a fixing component in the core material.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 120,160 (1986) Microcapsule type toners KONISHIROKU PHOTO INDUSTRY CO., LTD. H. Yamazaki, T. Nagai, T. Tezuka and K. Watanabe. Microcapsule toners showing good triboelectrical properties and durability have a core containing a fixing component and a wall chemically bound with a charge control group.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 126,546 (1986) Photoimaging systems employing photosensitive microcapsules containing waxes MEAD CORP. The system has an imaging layer containing photosensitive microcapsules, in which the colour former may be included, also a photocurable composition, a wax and an imaging agent in the cores.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 129,039 (1986) Microencapsulation of sulfur YOKOHAMA RUBBER CO., LTD. N. Yoshida, T. Kurachi, T. Nishimoto and K. Mizutani. Sulphur encapsulated in cured epoxy resins produces blooming-free vulcanizing agents for rubbers.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 141,586 (1986) Pressure-transfer sheets for thermal recording RICOH CO., LTD. Y. Hotta. Pressure-transfer sheets exhibiting good pressure transferability and providing original sheets adaptable to thermal transfer contain a transfer layer of dye on a support and a microencapsulated substance for softening or dissolving the dye.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 143,181 (1986) Self-coloring pressure-sensitive copying paper having cast-coat surface MITSUBISHI PAPER MILLS, LTD. T. lids and S. Senoo. A self-colouring pressure-sensitive copying paper giving no undesired colouring consists of a support coated with a microencapsulated layer containing a colour former and a colour developer.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 143,183 (1986) Recording material FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. M. Sano and M. Satomura. A colour-former sheet was prepared from crystal violet lactone microencapsulated in melamine/formaldehyde resin coated on a paper support. It has excellent colour-forming rate and colour density.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 143,774 (1986) Electrostatographic encapsulated toners FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. N. Hosoi. In an encapsulated toner ?.• 90% of the oil-type solvent remains in the microcapsules even after storage thus aggregation of the toner is minimized and its free-flowing characteristics retained.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 145,237 (1986) Flame retardant rubber compositions MITSUBISHI BELTING LTD. T. Mashita, M. Kakehi, K. Fujishiro, H. Kakiuchi and M. Nakajima. A composition having excellent adhesion to metals and useful for conveyor belts contains microen-capsulated organohalogen compound fireproofing agents.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 146,341 (1986) Preparation of monodispersed microcapsule suspensions in an organic medium MITSUBISHI PAPER MILLS, LTD. S. Senoo and F. Okumura. An organic microcapsule dispersion was prepared which can be used in the preparation of a pressure-sensitive copying paper.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 152,486 (1986) Thermal recording material FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. T. Usami, K. Iwakura, S. Ishige and T. Tanaka. A thermal recording material with good storage stability and producing stable images contains microencapsulated basic dye precursors and an organic solvent.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 154,887 (1986) Thermal recording material FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. S. Ishige, T. Usami, H. Kamikawa and T. Tanaka. A material having high thermal sensitivity and good storage stability contains a support carrying microcapsules containing ..>.diazonium salts which develop a blue colour following a coupling reaction.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 155,325 (1986) Microcapsulated cycloheximide TANABE SEIYAKU CO., LTD. T. Kondo, 0. Ueda, Y. Fukakusa and M. Moriwaki. Cycloheximide is stabilized by microencapsulation.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 159,548 (1986) Low-melting-point metal for heat-conducting medium HITACHI LTD. K. Takamori. Low melting-point alloys such as gallium containing :510 per cent by volume of gas-sealed microcapsules are used to quench semiconductor chips. The melts do not strain the chips.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 163,887 (1986) Pressure-sensitive microcapsule copying sheet FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. S. Azuma, M. Sano and Y. Saeki. A pressure-sensitive copying sheet having excellent resistance to light has a layer containing microencapsulated colorant.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 163,888 (1986) Pressure-sensitive microcapsule copying sheet FUJI PHOTO FII.M co., LTD. S. Azuma, M. Sano, H. Kawasaki and Y. Saeki. A pressure-sensitive copying sheet having improved stability to light is composed of a layer containing microencapsulated colorant and binder with light transmittance 70 per cent for a 5 µm thickness.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 169,281 (1986) Thermal image recording sheet FUJI PHOTO FILM co., LTD. T. Tanaka and T. Usami. Thermal recording paper having excellent storage stability has a heat-sensitive layer containing microencapsulated basic dye precursor and an organic solvent together with a colour developer.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 171,382 (1986) Pressure-sensitive and heat-sensitive recording paper TAOKA CHEMICAL CO., LTD. T. Akamatsu. A pressure-sensitive recording paper showing improved storage stability and colour-forming property may contain microencapsulated fluoran derivative.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 173,982 (1986) Microcapsule sheets for pressure copying FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. S. Maekawa and Y. Ogata. A pressure-copying sheet has the microcapsule layer coated on a smooth surface of a paper support prepared by use of a Yankee paper machine.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 174,941 (1986) Microencapsulation in pressure-sensitive paper production KANZAKI PAPER MFG. CO., LTD. S. Shioi, K. Shinmitsu and A. Miyake. A microencapsulated pressure-sensitive paper was laminated with developing paper to give typewriter paper showing no stains after heating at 100°C for 3 hours.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 175,076 (1986) Pressure-sensitive copying paper FUJI PHOTO FILM co., LTD. Y. Ogata and S. Maekawa. The pressure-sensitive copying paper contains a paper support carrying a layer of microencapsulated water-soluble binder.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Roho 61 178,035 (1986) Microencapsulation OJI PAPER CO., LTD. M. Kawamura, H. Okamoto, T. Shimada, T. Sato, Y. Doi and M. Awano. Microcapsules containing a highly stable emulsion were prepared. The encapsulating agents are useful for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, cosmetics, food, dyes and noncarbon sheets.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 182,982 (1986) Thermal recording materials FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. S. Yoshida, T. Tanaka and T. Usami. A thermal recording material giving high density images and showing good mechanical strength consists of a support carrying a layer of microencapsulated basic dye precursor, a colour developer and a glass transition-point control agent.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 182,983 (1986) Heat sensitive recording materials FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. S. Tamagawa, T. Tanake and T. Usami. The material, which shows a high colour density without scumming, consists of a paper support, an interlayer of dyes and binders and a heat-sensitive recording layer containing a microencapsulated basic dye precursor and a colour developer.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 186,310 (1986) Coating of injecting microparticles for prevention of rejection K. Oyama. Prevention of rejection can be accomplished by coating the injecting microparticles with glasses, silicones, polystyrene etc.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 192,785 (1986) Manufacture of microcapsulized heat-storage material NOK CORP. H. Watanabe. Microcapsulized heat-storage material was prepared. The capsules showed no leak at 80°C with a core of M.Pt. 58°C.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 195,177 (1986) Wood adhesives containing microencapsulated cockroach killers MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC WORKS, LTD. Y. Oka and K. Emi. Adhesives containing microencapsulated cockroach killers, useful for the manufacture of plywood etc., show lasting insecticidal effect.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 206,689 (1986)Microcapsule layer for pressure-sensitive copying paper FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. S. Maekawa and Y. Ogata. A copying paper consists of a layer of microcapsules formed on an undercoat layer that coagulates the microcapsules increasing the efficiency of rupture and transference of the leuco dye solution to the receptor sheet containing the colour developer.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 60 214,794 (1985) Polymerizable phosphatidylcholines T. Shigehara, M. Takane and H. Tsuchida. Phosphatidylcholines, useful in the formation of liposomes and as carriers for the controlled release of biologically active substances were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 215,602 (1986) Manufacture of monodisperse spherical polymer particles by seed polymerization using separately emulsified monomers and initiators JAPAN SYNTHETIC RUBBER CO., LTD. M. Hattori, H. Takeuchi, K. Kasai and N. Sakurai. Particles of diameter l-10m, useful as standards for microscopic measurement, were prepared by mixing seed particles, unsaturated monomers and polymerization initiators and then polymerizing.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 217,153 (1986) Denture adhesives consisting of a polymer and vitamin microcapsules SHOWA PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. K. Takeshita. A denture fixative contains a soluble polymer, microencapsulated fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A and a binder, which prevents washout of the fixative by saliva.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 218,516 (1986) Manufacture of slow-release microcapsules ICHIMARU FARUKOSU K. K. H. Takeuchi, Y. Kawashima, T. Handa and Y. Chikamatsu. Active ingredients are mixed with cellulose derivatives in solution and spray-dried to produce slow-release microcapsules.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 222,913 (1986) Manufacture of meso carbon microbeads MITSUBISHI CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. S. Tomono, J. Miyasaka and H. Hasiu. Meso-carbon microbeads useful as an absorbent and for use in chromatography were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 225,115 (1986) Dentifrices containing doubly-encapsulated vitamins and natural pharmaceuticals LION CORP. K. Miyauchi, M. Matsuzoe, Y. Tsunoda, H. Iwabuchi and N. Miyagawa. Particles of vitamins and physiologically active natural products are stabilized by microencapsulation for use in dentifrice compositions.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 231,277 (1986) Fragrant paper interior materials TOPPAN PRINTING CO., LTD. H. Yamamura. Papers coated with microencapsulated fetonchitto were laminated with plywood to give a fragrant board.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 60 231,766 (1985) Leuco dyes RICOH CO., LTD. K. Iiyama. Microencapsulated methine dyes were mixed with a water-soluble starch binder and coated on a paper support to give a colour-former sheet for pressure transfer to give a blue-green image.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 236,871 (1986) Adhesives HITACHI MICROCOMPUTER ENGINEERING LTD. M. Komuro, A. Matsuzawa, H. Meguro, M. Hirai and Y. Matsuki. Adhesives containing microencapsulated epoxy resin or polyimide are used for bonding pellets in semiconductor devices.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 242,906 (1986) Meso carbon micro beads MITSUI COKE CO., LTD. K. Takei, K. Tagawa and K. Yamazaki. Fine meso carbon microbeads consisting only of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and of diameter 5–20 pm were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 242,907 (1986) Manufacture of porous mesophase carbon microbeads MITSUBISHI CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. T. Miyazaki and J. Miyazaki. Porous mesophase carbon microbeads having 295 m2 g I surface area were prepared.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 267,509 (1986) Preparation of liposomes using glycoproteins J. Sunamoto, M. Goto, T. Sato and H. Kondo. Phosphatidylcholines provide improved liposomes for use as pharmaceutical carriers.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 268,619 (1986) Pharmaceutical microcapsules coated with water-soluble polymers mArsumoTo YUSHI SEIYAKU CO., LTD. T. Masuda and 0. Takahashi. Particles which do not coagulate on storage and which can be added to cattle feed consist of granules of pharmaceuticals, e.g. thiolane compounds for controlling diseases of domestic animals, coated with hydrophobic wax and a water-soluble polymer.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 268,620 (1986) Preparation of pharmaceutical microcapsules for domestic animals MATSUMOTO YUSHI SEIYAKU CO., LTD. T. Masuda and 0. Takahashi. Pharmaceutical granules for domestic animals are mixed with mica, talc, kaolin etc. and encapsulated with waxes which mask unpleasant tastes. The microcapsules are added to animal feed.
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• Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 271,204 (1986) Preparation of liposomes containing hydroquinone glucoside SIIISEIDO CO., LTD. H. Kaneki, NI. Yamaguchi, Y. Machida and A. Akyasu. Cosmetics contain liposomes encapsulating hydroquinone glucoside which is stabilized with lipid materials.
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• Japan Tokkyo Koho 61 51,941 (1986) Manufacture of microcapsules BAYER A.-G. G. Baatz, M. Dahm and W. Schaefer. Microcapsules with a film-forming polycarbodiimide shell were prepared. Diameters of 5–100 gm were obtainable by adjustment of preparation conditions.
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PCT

• PCT International Application 86 03,124 (1986) Glass microspheres containing P- or y-emitting radioisotopes for radiation therapy UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI CURATORS. D. E. Day and G. J. Ehrhardt. "Y and 32P are incorporated into lead silicate or aluminosilicate glass microspheres. The radioisotopes are produced by irradiation of the microspheres.
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• PCT International Application 86 03,839 (1986) Solid phase diffusion assay E. H. Cerny. A solid-phase diffusion assay for the detection of ligands and receptors which can be performed rapidly without sophisticated measurement equipment is described. An assay of gentamicin was made.
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• PCT International Application 86 03,938 (1986) Preserving liposomes UNIVERSITY OF CAI.IFORNIA. J. H. Crowe and L. M. Crowe. Liposomes containing biologically active molecules can be preserved in such a way that when rehydrated the liposome structures retain substantially all material originally encapsulated.
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• PCT International Application 86 04,023 (1986) Self-coloring, pressure-sensitive copying paper MITSUBISHI PAPER MILLS, LTD. T. Iida. Both the paper support and the coating layer of the copying paper contain a colour former and a colour developer one or both of which is microencapsulated.
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• PCT International Application 86 04,232 (1986) Liposome composition and method COOPER-LIPOTECH, INC. V. T. King, C. T. Redemann, R. Radhakrisnan and F. J. Martin. A liposome composition has surface-bound functionally active proteins attached through amide linkages to spacer chains, 3–18 atoms in length, anchored to the liposomes.
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POLAND

• Polish Patent 122,286 (1984) Albumin microspheres for scintigraphic studies in medicine INSTYTUT BADAN JADROWYCH. B. Lucks. Albumin microspheres suitable for labelling with isotopes for scintigraphic diagnosis of lung and liver disorders were prepared.
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UK

• UK Patent Application 2,170,427 (1986) Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes or sheets SANYO-KOKUSAKU PULP CO., LTD. T. Shibano, I. Kimura and S. Maruchi. Wood-free paper was coated with an adhesive containing elastomer microspheres to give a pressure-sensitive tape having low adhesion to release papers and good ink receptivity on the release layer.
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• UK Patent Application 2,172,022 (1986) Developer layer for pressure-sensitive recording sheets FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. S. Sano and K. Saeki. A pressure-sensitive recording material consisting of a colour-former sheet with an encapsulated dye precursor and a developer sheet provides images having improved fastness to light and plasticizers.
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USA

• US Patent 4,604,376 (1986) Enteric compounds and complexes RESEARCH CORP. L. L. Teng. Enteric therapeutic agents such as heparin were bound to glycerol or glyceryl compounds and administered to rats. The retention of heparin complex in the gastrointestinal tract was good.
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• US Patent 4,613,658 (1986) Vinyl monomers capable of forming side-chain liquid crystalline polymers and the resulting polymersv UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI. L. J. Mathias and R. E. Hermes. A vinyl polymer useful in the formation of vesicles, micelles, monolayers, fibres and films is insoluble in most organic solvents.
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• US Patent 4,617,186 (1986) Sustained-release drug-delivery system utilizing bioadhesive polymers ALCON LABORATORIES, INC. D. Schaefer and R. Schaefer. A sustained release drug delivery system suitable for ophthalmic use consists of a therapeutic drug carried by a polymer, which is bioadhesive to human embryonic fibroblasts and monocytotoxic, and liposomes containing suprofen Na salt.
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• US Patent 4,621,040 (1986) Imaging element and process with laser absorptive ink barrier layer POLAROID CORP. M. S. Viola. A laser imaging element consists of a microencapsulated ink layer and a laser-absorptive ink barrier layer.
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• US Patent 4,622,244 (1986) Pharmaceutical microcapsule preparation using polymeric materials WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY. G. G. Lapka, N. S. Mason and C. Thies. Microcapsules 300 pm consisting of a drug material encapsulated in a bioabsorbable polymer for controlled release of the core material over a prolonged period were prepared for use by injection.
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• US Patent 4,636,453 (1987) Photopolymer films containing microencapsulated sensitometric adjuvants DU PONT DE NEMOURS, E. I., AND CO. D. E. Keys and W. J. Nebe. Activable films were prepared consisting of a support carrying a photopolymerizable layer in reactive contact with pressure-rupturable microcapsules containing 1 active component.
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USSR

• USSR Patent 1,260,778 (1986) Device for fluorescent analysis of individual microparticles in a liquid stream CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH ROENTGEN-RADIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE. A. S. Yagunov and S. V. Tokalov. A device with improved sensitivity for fluorescent analysis of individual microparticles in a liquid stream is described.
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