Patent Briefing

PATENT BRIEFING

BELGIUM

• Fusogenic liposomes INTERNATIONAL GENETIC SCIENCES PARTNERSHIP Phospholipid vesicles contain sufficient quaternary ammonium salt in their membrane to render the vesicles fusogenic. Belgian Patent 904,536 (1986)
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• Preparation of bis(carboxyphenoxy)(poly)(alkyleneoxy) monomers, their polyanhydrides and their use in sustained-release pharmaceuticals S. A. SANDOZ Polymers useful for degradable pharmaceutical matrices for microcapsules, implants and other medical and surgical articles were prepared. Belgian Patent 905,487 (1987)
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GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC

• Microencapsulation of pesticides into aminoplasts K. Dietrich, R. Nastke, H. Geistlinger, E. Lewandowski, W. Teige, H. J. Koerner, W. Wildgrube, W. Grasshoff, D. Otto, et al. AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN DER DDR Pesticides are microencapsulated in aminoplasts which are partially methanol-etherified, melamine-formaldehyde condensation products. German Patentschrift 240,843 (1986)
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EUROPE

• Process for the microencapsulation of a medicament, medicament so prepared and phar-maceutical compositions comprising it M. Valenti. FARMACEUTICI FORMENTI S.P.A. Microencapsulation of ibuprofen did not reduce its bioavailability as measured in vitro and in rabbits. European Patent Application 212,751 (1987)
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• Pharmaceutical liposomes containing acylated phosphatidylethanolamine derivatives A. J. Schroit and R. Nayar. UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SYSTEM The title liposomes were prepared and suspended in sodium chloride solution for parenteral administration. European Patent Application 213,523 (1987)
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• Light-sensitive material S. Yamamoto, T. Aono, K. Nakamura and K. Sato. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A light-sensitive material is described consisting of a support containing silver halide, a developer and a colour former. European Patent Application 219,087 (1987)
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• Storage-stable (meth)acrylate plastisols S. C. Lin and S. S. ROITIM. W. R. GRACE AND CO. Plastisols, consisting of poly(meth)acrylate microspheres and 5-2000 per cent liquid plasticizers, are useful as sealants, coatings or adhesives and can be photochemically or thermally cured in their final solid state. European Patent Application 219,857 (1987)
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• Process for preparing microcapsules S. Shioi, K. Shinmitsu, M. Tajiri and M. Miyake. KANZAKI PAPER MFG CO., LTD. Hydrophobic core materials microencapsulated in formaldehyde-melamine resin make suitable materials for paper coating. European Patent Application 219,619 (1987)
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• Process for the preparation of liposomes using phospholipids and hydrophilic non-ionic surfactants K. Matumoto, K. Shinozaki and Y. Tabata. NIKKO CHEMICALS K.K. Small liposomes may be easily mass-produced by mixing water with both a phospholipid and a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant. European Patent Application 220,797 (1987)
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• Method for making printing plates and assembly useful therein D. R. Shackle, M. J. Cousin, G. Schwab, C. M. Narrick and H. A. Fromson. MEAD CORP. A lithographic plate consists of a film support carrying a layer of microencapsulated photohardenable composition. After image-wise exposure, pressure transfers the unhardened composition to a lithographic plate support to provide ink-receptive images. European Patent Application 220,943 (1987)
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• A method for fluorescenic-polarization liposome immunoassay and reagent therefore K. Imai and Y. Nomura. HITACHI, LTD. Microcapsules labeled with an antigen or antibody are used in a fluorescence-polarization liposome immunoassay. The degree of polarization fluorescence is measured for analyte concentration calculations. European Patent Application 222,341 (1987)
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• Producing oil-containing rnicrocapsules M. E. A. Seitz. STANDARD REGISTER CO. Thick, hard microcapsules of colour-former-containing oily solutions, useful in the manufacture of drier-free printing inks and carbonless copying papers were prepared. European Patent Application 223,428 (1987)
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• Photosensitive materials containing ionic dye compounds as initiators P. Gottschalk, D. C. Neckers and G. B. Schuster. MEAD CORP. A multicolour photoimaging material contains microencapsulated colour formers and a compound capable of initiating free-radical polymerization. European Patent Application 223,587 (1987)
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• Light-sensitive microcapsule-containing polymerizable compound and silver halide and light-sensitive material employing the same T. Nakamura, T. Hirano, E. Funatsu and S. Ishikawa. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. Microcapsules showing very high photosensitivity have a shell material containing silver halides. European Patent Application 224,214 (1987)
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• Inhibition of post-surgical adhesion formation by the topical administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug W. D. Sheffield, D. B. Johns, S. W. Shalaby, G. S. Dizerega and L. L. Richer. ETHICON, INC. The drug, preferably ibuprofen, suprofen or tolmetin may be contained in absorbable polymer microspheres or phospholipid multilaminar vesicles. European Patent Application 225,162 (1987)
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• Use of a hydrophobic substance for the preparation of an enteric preparation for the treatment of obesity, and enteric preparation C. Bogentoft. ACO LAKEMEDEL AB The preparation is a capsule, tablet or microcapsule which is coated with a substance which is resistant to gastric juice and hence dissolves in the ileum. European Patent Application 225,303 (1987)
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• Encapsulated pigments J. V. Ugro Jr. MINNESOTA MINING AND MFG CO., LTD. The encapsulated pigments, which consist of a colouring material in a polymer shell have an outer coating which increases the oleophilicity of the surface. When rubbed on to skin, colour transfer readily occurred. European Patent Application 225,799 (1987)
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• Encapsulated colorants C. P. Marabella. MINNESOTA MINING AND MFG CO., LTD. Microcapsules that transfer colourants on gentle rubbing consist of a liquid or semi-solid in a polymer shell with a coating of colourant. On rubbing, the liquid wets the colourant and after a short induction period, the colour is transferred. European Patent Application 232,001 (1987)
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• Controlled release drug delivery system for the periodontal pocket, containing drug dispersed in polymeric microcapsules suspended in a thermal-solidifying gel R. W. Baker. PHARMETRIX CORP. Microencapsulated drugs suspended in a fluid medium are placed in the periodontal pocket where they remain active for 1–30 days. In a test, the in vitro release rate of tetracycline corresponded to an in vivo release rate of 10–20 days. European Patent Application 244,118 (1987)
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FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

• Copying paper sets DRESCHER DATENDRUCKE G.M. B.H Pressure-sensitive copying sets containing, as well as microcapsules in the back layer, a filler that acts as a stilt material, have decreased roughness and a lowered rubbing sensitivity. German Offenlegungsschrift 3,529,840 (1987)
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• Method of forming a relief structure and photosensitive material therefore R. F. Wright, P. C. Adair and F. W. Sanders. MEAD CORP. The process uses photosensitive microcapsules on a support. After imagewise exposure, pressure is used to break the unhardened microcapsules to form a masking image for subsequent etching. German Offenlegungsschrift 3,636,501 (1987)
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• Method for image formation on plain paper and imaging sheet therefore J. K. Rourke and J. G. O'Connor. MEAD CORP. The imaging sheet consists of a support coated with microencapsulated photosensitive material. After imagewise exposure the sheet is combined with plain paper and pressure applied, when the image is transferred to the plain paper. German Offenlegungsschrift 3,705,245 (1987)
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JAPAN

• Polymerizable glycerophospholipids Y. Noguchi and 0. Nakachi. NIPPON OILS AND FATS CO., LTD. Glycerophospholipids form liposomes in aqueous solutions and can also be polymerized. Compounds and polymers are useful in foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 129,190 (1986)
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• Glycerophospholipids containing docosahexaenoic acid Y. Noguchi and 0. Nakachi. NIPPON OILS AND FATS CO., LTD. The title liposomes which are stable for at least 1 week at room temperature were prepared. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 129,191 (1986)
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• Multicolor heat-sensitive recording medium N. Kurihara and S. Tatsuta. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A microencapsulated multicolour heat-sensitive recording material has superior shelf-life and gives stable images with high optical density. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61 199,983 (1986)
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• Immobilization of lipase H. Nanbu, J. Kawaguchi, N. Kadota, Y. Asano and N. Yamazaki. TAIYO CHEMICAL CO., LTD. A lipase solution is encapsulated with a bi-lyophilic substance and the microcapsules are treated with a hydrophilic photocrosslinking prepolymer to give a hydrophilic immobilized lipase preparation on irradiation. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Kohn 62 14,781 (1987)
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• Microcapsule-containing sheets M. Asano, K. Hasegawa, M. Takagi and T. Yamaguchi. MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, INC. Microcapsule sheets especially useful as pressure-sensitive copying sheets were prepared. The micro-capsule layer-forming composition showed excellent coatability and good resistance against smudge formation during the coating process. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Kohn 62 28,284 (1987)
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• Thermal recording material T. Usami and T. Tanaka. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. The recording material contains a microencapsulated diazo compound which shows good storage stability and high image density. Japan Kokai Tokkyn Kohn 62 39,278 (1987) Thermal recording material T. Usami, M. Iwasaki and H. Kamikawa. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A thermal recording material having improved whiteness of background, good shelf-life and high thermal sensitivity contains microencapsulated diazo compounds together with one or more compounds which generate free radicals on exposure to light. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 55,188 (1987)
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• Thermal recording material S. Yoshida, T. Tanaka and T. Usami. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A thermal recording material contains a microencapsulated diazo compound which gives the material good shelf-life and high thermal developability and provides an image with good storage stability. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 55,190 (1987)
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• Thermal recording material T. Usami, H. Kamikawa and M. Iwasaki. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. The recording material contains a diazo compound microencapsulated with an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable compound. It has good shelf-life, high thermal developability and can be fixed by photolytic decomposition of the residual diazo compound. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 55,191 (1987)
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• Image formation method Y. Tamura and S. Kaneko. CANON K.K. The method comprises formation of transferable images on a microencapsulated transfer recording medium, using heat and light and then transfer of the images to a receptor. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 60,694 (1987)
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• Sand molds for cast R. Isomura, H. Isomura and F. Gomi. TOYODA AUTOMATIC LOOM WORKS, LTD. Microcapsules containing coolant are included in sand moulds for casting aluminium alloy. The castings therefrom show improved mechanical properties. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 64,448 (1987)
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• Solvents for pressure-sensitive copying papers Y. Okumura, H. Takai, T. Koyama and K. Kaneko. TOA NENRYO KOGYO K.K. The solvents, with good colourant stability, microbicidal activity and fluidity at low temperatures, were used in the preparation of microcapsules which were coated on to paper. When written on with pencil, clear images were formed. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 66,985 (1987)
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• Thermal transfer materials T. Hasegawa. CANON K.K. Thermal transfer materials contain a microencapsulated thermal transfer layer and exhibit good storage stability and thermal transferability. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 68,789 (1987)
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• Photosensitive thermal recording materials J. Yamaguchi. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. Photosensitive thermal recording materials contain diazosulfonate derivatives, couplers, and colouration promoting agents, at least one of which is microencapsulated. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 73,991 (1987)
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• Electrophotographic pressure-fixable encapsulated toner M. Yamazaki and T. Matsumoto. CANON K.K. A microencapsulated toner showing improved storage stability and providing offset-free images was prepared. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 75,544 (1987)
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• Thermal recording material T. Usami and T. Tanaka. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. The material consists of a recording layer containing microcapsules of a diazo compound, and microencapsulated coupler. Unreacted diazo compound may be decomposed by light to fix the recorded images. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 77,981 (1987)
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• Anticorrosive coating compositions H. Ito, M. Ono, N. Takahashi, S. Narui, Y. Matsumura, A. Futagawa and T. Akashi. NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD; NIPPON PETROCHEMICALS CO., LTD; TOPLA LTD. The coatings contain film-forming polymers and pressure-sensitive microcapsules containing anticorros-ive, nonvolatile oils compatible with the polymers. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 79,277 (1987)
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• Coating compositions N. Takahashi, A. Sato and S. Narui. NIPPON PETROCHEMICALS CO., LTD. Self-healing coating compositions, useful for concrete, wood, plastics and metals, contain film-forming polymers and pressure-sensitive microcapsules containing solvents capable of dissolving the polymers. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 79,279 (1987)
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• Preparation of mixed acid polymerizable phospholipid derivatives Y. Nagata, A. Akimoto, Y. Muneda, A. Miyamoto and F. Shichino. TOKYO SODA MFG CO., LTD.; NIPPON SHOJI CO., LTD. Phosphorylcholine phospholipids contain photo-polymerizable diene groups and may be used for the microencapsulation of drugs. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 81,394 (1987)
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• Microcapsule-containing photosensitive materials T. Takeda. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A microencapsulated imaging material contains silver halide which forms a latent image on light exposure. The image is developed by heating via the formation of a polymer which immobilises the colour image-forming substance. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 81,635 (1987)
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• Fragrance-containing epoxy resin microspheres K. Oka and Y. Eheta. FORAY INDUSTRIES, INC; SODA AROMATIC CO., LTD. Microspheres of average diameter 0.1-1000 pm with lasting fragrance for use in cosmetics, are prepared by microencapsulating lipophilic fragrances using amine curing agents. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 84,127 (1987)
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• Photocopying material and process Y. Tamura and S. Kaneko. CANON K.K. The material contains microcapsules with cores consisting of a colouring agent, a light-sensitive foaming agent and a hot-melt binder. Plain paper can be used as the receptor paper after image-wise exposure of the photocopying material. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 91,937 (1987)
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• Color copying sheet using light and heat Y. Tamura and S. Kaneko. CANON K.K. A microencapsulated coated sheet is imagewise exposed with white light in contact with a colour negative. When the exposed surface is heated in contact with a receptor sheet, a colour image is transferred to the receptor sheet. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Kohn 62 94,383 (1987)
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• Pressure-sensitive copying paper K. Toko, T. Inaba and S. Iwama, TEIKOKU PRINTING INK MFG CO., LTD. A copying paper providing stain-free images is prepared by spot printing the front of a paper support with a colour-developing ink and the back side with microencapsulated colour-forming ink. Japan Kokai Tokkvo Koho 62 103,186 (1987)
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• Porous liposomes for enzyme immobilization H. Ono, K. Ukaji and H. Tsuchida. Porous liposomes which are biocompatible are enclosed in double-layered porous membranes of polymerizable surfactants, and used for enzyme immobilization. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 104,844 (1987)
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• Pressure-sensitive copying paper M. Tsujimoto, M. Aoki and M. Asano. MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, INC. The colour-former was microencapsulated in melamine resin wall and layered on the copying sheet.
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• Pressure copying of the sheet with a receptor sheet uisng a typewriter gave dark blue images. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 108,084 (1987)
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• Thermal recording material K. Koike, S. Tamagawa and T. Fuchizawa. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. The heat-sensitive layer of the material contains microencapsulated diazo compounds and a coupler. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 108,085 (1987)
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• Thermal recording material Y. Fujita and S. Yoshida. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. The material, which contains microencapsulated diazo compounds, shows improved storage stability, image density and photo-fixability after thermal recording. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 109,683 (1987) Intermediate-tone image formation method Y. Tamura and S. Kaneko. CANON K.K. A microcapsule transfer recording ribbon was prepared and was heated using a thermal head. Strong heating produced a white image, intermediate heating a grey image and no heating a black image. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62, 111,786 (1987)
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• Reagents for immunoassay based on complement lysis Y. Ishunori, M. Hado and M. Koyama. TOSHIBA CORP. Liposomes prepared from phospholipids and/or glycolipids and cholesterol are sensitized with monoclonal antibodies by the crosslinking method for immunoassay. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 112,065 (1987)
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• Heat-sensitive nonimpact printing sheets T. USRMI. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. The microencapsulated printing sheets described have improved storage stability and provide fog-free images with improved stability. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 113,588 (1987)
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• Fail-safe temperature indicators K. Hasegawa, H. Tsutsumi, E. Tanaka, H. Akahori and M. Asano. MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, INC. A microencapsulated fail-safe temperature indicator is a printed label for use on frozen food being green at 0°C and dark red at 18°C. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 116,228 (1987)
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• Color-forming sheet for pressure-sensitive copying paper K. Oga, Y. Saeki and S. Azuma. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A colour-forming sheet containing a microencapsulated colour former has an aromatic additive incorporated to provide fog-free colour images with improved stability. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 121,085 (1987)
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• Microencapsulated color former-containing sheet for pressure-sensitive copying paper S. Azuma and Y. Saeki. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A colour-forming sheet contains microencapsulated colour-formers together with a silicon-containing compound to modify the polymer which improves colour formation and resistance to solvents. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 121,086 (1987)
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• Recording material M. Takashima, M. Satomura, K. Iwakura and A. Igarashi. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A recording material containing a microencapsulated colour former sheet has high colour developability, good storage stability and good compatibility among the components in the imaging layer. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 122,782 (1987)
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• Mieroencapsulation of leuco dyes for pressure-sensitive copying paper H. Horiuchi, S. Ura, T. Takagishi and T. Saka. SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO., LTD. The preparation of microencapsulated colourless leuco dyes in a dispersion with improved efficiency and without colouration, is described. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 125,851 (1987)
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• Manufacture of controlled-release microcapsules M. Goto. NOK CORP. The preparation of microcapsules containing an aqueous controlled release material is described. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 125,852 (1987)
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• Air purification filters K. Maeda and H. Kanai. The filters, useful for removing toxic pollutants such as H2S from the air, consist of porous microcapsules, diameter 10–50 pm, of inorganic materials packed with activated charcoal. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 129,121 (1987)
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• Manufacture of microcapsules S. Washisu, Y. Saeki, and S. Tatsuta. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. Hydrophobic oil droplets reinforced with a polyhydroxy compound and containing polyisocyanates or their prepolymers are microencapsulated with formaldehyde—melamine mixtures or their prepolymers. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 129,141 (1987)
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• Manufacture of plastic additives T. Hiramatsu, M. Mizuguchi and Y. Nakahara. INDUSTRIAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY. Plastic additives are sealed in inorganic porous microcapsules with diameter 0.1-500 pm, e.g. Electro-stripper N in silica microcapsules gave an anionic antistatic agent-containing powder. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 129,323 (1987)
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• Time-controlling materials for delayed-coloring temperature indicators H. Tsutsumi, T. Yamaguchi, N. Hirayama, H. Akahori and M. Asano. MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, INC. The materials consist of a layer of emulsion between a layer of microencapsulated oil and another layer of a colouring material activated by contact with the oil, Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 6: 129,728 (1987)
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• Microencapsulation of drugs with ethyl cellulose for controlled release Y. Takashima, T. Nakajima, K. Aikawa, K. Iida and M. Koishi. TAISHO PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. Indomethacin was coated NA, ith a release-promotor and encapsulated with ethyl cellulose for controlled release. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 132,820 (1987)
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• Rodent-repellent adhesives T. Kondo, 0. Ueda, Y. Fukakusa and M. Moriwaki. TANABE SEIYAKU CO., LTD.; TOPPAN MOORE CO., LTD. Rodent-repellent adhesives contain microencapsulated cycloheximide. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 135,581 (1987)
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• Electrostatographic microencapsulated toner N. Hosoi. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A toner containing microencapsulated siloxane shows improved fixability and flowability. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 150,260 (1987)
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• Electrostatographic microencapsulated toners N. Hosoi. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A toner containing microencapsulated silicone oil shows improved fixability. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 150,261 (1987)
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• Preparation of liposomes as drug carriers H. Yamauchi, H. Kikuchi and S. Hirota. DAIICHI SEIYAKU CO., LTD. Liposomes containing sodium salicylate were prepared from soybean lecithin and cholesterol. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 152,531 (1987)
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• Microencapsulation of organophosphorus insecticides for controlled release T. Otsubo, S. Tsuda, Y. Manabe, T. Ito, H. Kawada, G. Shinjo and K. Tsuji. SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO., LTD. ran ales of organophosphorus insecticides microencapsulated in polyurethane were completely effective in controlling cockroaches for at least 8 weeks. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 161,706 (1987)
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• Cosmetics containing polymers and gelatin microcapsules A. Noda and M. Yamaguchi. SHISEIDO CO., LTD. Emollient cosmetics contain gelatin microcapsules of hydrophobic components dispersed in an aqueous phase containing water-soluble polymers. Japan Kokai Tokkvo Kohn 62 161,712 (1987)
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• Microcapsule-containing ink compositions for copying paper M. Ishiguro. MITSUBISHI PAPER MILLS, LTD. An ink composition is based on synthetic resin microcapsules, adhesive, pigment and water—alcohol dispersant. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 161,874 (1987)
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• Manufacture of aqueous-liquid-containing microcapsules A. Noda and M. Yamaguchi. SHISEIDO co., Ltd. Durable capsules useful for cosmetics are obtainable from aqueous emulsions by using organically- modified clay minerals as emulsifiers. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 180,743 (1987)
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• Rubber sealing compositions for can ends S. Kojima, S. Kobayashi, Y. Kaga and A. Kishimoto. The sealants contain rubber latices and microencapsulated water-swellable polymers. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Kohn 62 181,382 (1987)
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• Heat-developable diffusion-transfer photographic photosensitive units S. Yamamoto. FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. A polymerizing compound, reducing agents and a silver halide emulsion may be microencapsulated to give photosensitive material. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 183,451 (1987)
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• Organophosphorus insecticide microcapsules for termite control T. Otsubo, S. Tsuda, Y. Manabe, T. Ito, H. Kawada, G. Shinjo and K. Tsuji. SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO., LTD.
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• Microencapsulated organophosphorus insecticides are effective for the control of termites. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Kohn 62 190,107 (1987)
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• Manufacture of montmorillonite-methylated cyclodextrin intercalation compounds T. Kijima. NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN INORGANIC MATERIALS The title material was prepared as a useful microencapsulating agent. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Kohn 62 191,416 (1987)
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• Controlled-release systems containing inorganic microcapsules R. Teraoka. Bactericide-containing silica microcapsules were mixed with styrene-butadiene rubber using benzene as a solvent and the mixture applied to the surface of a synthetic resin cloth. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 201,156 (1987)
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• Manufacture of microcapsules by spray and cooling M. Horikawa, T. Nakamura, T. Yoshioka, S. Igarashi and M. Fukushima. SNOW BRAND MILK PRODUCTS CO., LTD. The preparation of microcapsules by spraying and cooling is described. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 201,635 (1987)
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• Thermochromic synthetic filaments with reversible shades G. Shimizu, K. Kamata and Y. Hayashi. MATSUI SHIKISO CHEMICAL CO., LTD. The filaments are prepared by coating monofilaments or multifilaments with vinyl chloride polymer sols containing thermochromic microcapsules. One coated monofilament electric wire showed peach colour on heating and deep violet when cool. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 62 206,082 (1987)
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PCT

• A method and composition for regulating serum calcium levels of mammals K. Y. Hostetler and L. J. Deftos. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY. Blood calcium levels in mammals may be regulated by oral administration of a liposome-encapsulated polypeptide hormone. Increased serum calcium levels were observed in rats. PCT International Application 87 00,750 (1987)
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• Alpha tocopherol-based vesicles A. S. Janoff, L. E. Bolcsak, A. L. Weiner, P. A. Tremblay, M. V. W. Bergamini and R. L. SlIddIth. LIPOSOME CO., INC. The preparation of alpha-tocopherol vesicles which contained 30 per cent entrapped arsenazo III compound is described. PCT International Application 87 02,219 (1987)
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• In situ preparation and delivery of liposomes. M. C. Popescu. LIPOSOME CO., INC. The preparation of phospholipid liposomes containing arsenazo III compound is described. PCT International Application 87 02,253 (1987)
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• Synthetic peptides, compositions containing them and their use for diagnosis and vaccination for AIDS and ARC R. C. Kennedy, G. R. Dreesman and M. Essei. SOUTHWEST FOUNDATION FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; HARVARD COLLEGE. Synthetic peptides are prepared for use in detection of antibodies to and vaccination against the viral causative agents of AIDS and ARC. PCT International Application 87 02,775 (1987)
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• Pharmaceutical containing microencapsulated sodium cromoglycate L. Ilium. FISONS P.L.C. Sodium cromoglycate microspheres can be prepared in an aqueous suspension which can be useful as a delayed-release antiallergic agent. PCT International Application 87 03,197 (1987)
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• Controlled release liposome delivery system A. Yau-Young. LIPOSOME TECHNOLOGY, INC. A liposome-impermeable compound entrapped in liposomes in suspension is used for i.m. or s.c. injection, the rate of release of the compound being increased by increasing the size of the liposomes or increasing the amount of liposome lipid injected. PCT International Application 87 04,592 (1987)
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SWITZERLAND

• Preparation of microcapsules using polyelectrolytes H. Dautzenberg, F. Loth, K. Pommerening, K. J. Linow and D. Bartsch. AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN DER D.D.R. Microcapsules are made by introducing drops of an aqueous polyelectrolyte solution into an aqueous solution of a polyelectrolyte of opposite charge. Swiss Patentschrtft 659,591 (1987)
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USA

• Cell membrane- and viral protein-containing phospholipid liposomes R. J. Mannino and S. G. Fogerite. The biological activity of membrane proteins is essentially preserved in phospholipid vesicles in the size range 0.1-2 tim. US Patent 4,663,161 (1987)
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• Treatment of disseminated fungal infections in mammals with liposome-encapsulated amphotericin B G. Lopcz-Berestein, V. Fainstein, E. M. Hersh, R. L. Hopfer, R. L. Juliano, K. Mehta and R. Mchta. UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SYSTEM. Amphotericin B encapsulated in liposomes was effective in decreasing systemic fungal infections in humans with lymphocytic lymphoma and lymphocyte and progranulocyte leukaemia. U.S' Patent 4,66.3,167 (1987)
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• Microspheres for incorporation of therapeutic substances and methods for their preparation E. P. Goldberg, W. E. Longo and H. Iwata. UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA.
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• Hydrophilic microspheres consisting of cross linked protein or polypeptide and some of the microspheres contain free reactive functional groups were prepared. US Patent 4,671,954 (1987)
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• Capsule manufacture R. P. Bowman. APPLETON PAPERS, INC. Microcapsules having improved drop size distribution, resistance to frictional smudge damage and enhanced impermeability were coated on a paper base. The sheet produced a good typewriter intensity image after oven storage. US Patent 4,675,249 (1987)
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• Pressure-sensitive record material R. E. Miller and R. W. Brown. APPLETON PAPERS, INC. A pressure-sensitive recording material consists of a top sheet coated with colour former and a bottom sheet coated with colour developer and microencapsulated solvent for the colour former. US Patent 4,675,706 (1987)
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• High yield process for producing polyaldehyde microspheres S. Marge. YEDA RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Monodisperse microspheres, useful in diagnostic processes, cell labeling or separation and affinity chromatography were prepared. US Patent 4,677,138 (1987)
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• Particles containing releasable fill material and method of making same J. Matkan and R. J. Treleaven. MINNESOTA MINING AND MFG CO. A method of making microcapsules of insecticides, herbicides, perfume oils, dye precursors etc in a polyurea matrix is described. US Patent 4,681,806 (1987)
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• Intumescent foamable compositions J. E. Dietlein, and T. C. Hampton. now CORNING CORP. The compositions, useful as fire and smoke barriers as partitions in thermoplastics, contain siloxane microspheres filled with liquids. When exposed to a gas burner, the microsphere layer on a cardboard sheet expanded but the cardboard did not burn US Patent 4,686,244 (1987)
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USSR

• Liposomal vesicle for directional transport of biologically active substances S. A. Burkhanov, V. P. Torchilin, G. A. Ermolin, V. E. Kotelyanskii, E. E. Efremov, I. N. Trakht, A. L. Klibanov and A. N. LLIk'yarlOV. ALL-UNION CARDIOLOGICAL RESEARCH CENTER. The liposomal vesicle consists of a phospholipid shell coated with a protein layer for selective absorption by macrophages. USSR Patent 1,301,406 (1987)
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• Spot remover for old grease soiling A. Afanas'ev, V. S. Litvishko, I. Y. Popova and G. I. Shul'man. Moscow TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE. A spot remover containing turpentine and trichloroethylene in a polyurea microcapsule shows improved effectiveness. USSR Patent 1,315,537 (1987)
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