Pre-focal plane high-temperature regions induced by scanning focused ultrasound beams

References

• Chato J. C. Selected thermophysical properties of biological materials. Heat Transfer in Medicine and Biology, Analysis and Applications, A. Shitzer, R. C. Eberhart. Plenum Press, New York 1985; vol. 2: 413–418
   Google Scholar
• Dickinson R. B. An ultrasound system for local hyperthermia using scanned focused transducers. IEEE Transactions in Biomedical Engineering 1984; BME-31: 120–125
   Google Scholar
• Physics and Technology of Hyperthermia, S. B. Field, C. Franconi. Taylor & Francis, London 1987, NATO ASI Series, series E: Applied Sciences, No. 127
   Google Scholar
• Gordon R. G., Roemer R. B., Horvath S. M. A mathematical model of the human temperature regulatory system—transient cold exposure response. IEEE Transactions in Biomedical Engineering 1976; BME-23: 434–444
   Google Scholar
• Goss S. A., Johnston R. L., Dunn F. Compilation of empirical ultrasonic properties of mammalian tissues II. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1980; 68: 93–108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Physical Techniques in Clinical Hyperthermia, J. W. Hand, J. R. James. Research Studies Press. 1986
   Google Scholar
• Hynynen K., DeYoung D. Temperature elevation at muscle-bone interface during scanned, focused ultrasound hyperthermia. International Journal of Hyperthermia 1988; 4: 267–279
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hynynen K., Roemer R. B., Anhalt D., Johnson C., Moros E. Focussed scanned ultrasound for local hyperthermia. Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference, IEEE/EMBS. 1985; 341–345
   Google Scholar
• Hynynen K., Roemer R. B., Anhalt D., Johnson C., Xu Z., Swindell W., Cetas T. A scanned, focused, multiple transducer ultrasonic system for localized hyperthermia treatments. International Journal of Hyperthermia 1987a; 3: 21–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hynynen K., Roemer R., Moros E., Johnson C., Anhalt D. The effect of scanning speed on temperature and equivalent thermal exposure distributions during ultrasound hyperthermia in vivo. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 1986; MMT-34: 552–559
   Google Scholar
• Hynynen K., Shimm D., Anhalt D., Stea B., Sykes H., Cassady J. R., Roemer R. B. Temperature distributions during clinical scanned, focused ultrasound hyperthermia treatments. International Journal of Hyperthermia 1989, (submitted)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hynynen K., Shimm D., Roemer R. B., Anhalt D., Cassady J. R. Temperature distributions during clinical ultrasound hyperthermia. Proceedings of the 9th Annual Conference, IEEE/EMBS. 1987b; 1644–1645
   Google Scholar
• Hynynen K., Watmough D. J., Mallard J. K. Design of ultrasonic transducers for local hyperthermia. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 1981; 7: 397–402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lele P. P. Physical aspects and clinical studies with ultrasonic hyperthermia. Hyperthermia in Cancer Therapy, F. C. Storm. Hall Medical Publishers, Boston, MA 1983; 333–368
   Google Scholar
• Lele P. P. Ultrasound: is it the modality of choice for controlled, localized heating of deep tumors? Hyperthermia Oncology 1984. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Hyperthermia Oncology, AarhusDenmark. J. Overgaard. Taylor & Francis, London 1985; vol. 2: 129–154
   Google Scholar
• Lele P. P. Rationale, technique and clinical results with scanned ultrasound (SIMFU) systems. Proceedings of the 8th Annual Conference, IEEE/EMBS. 1986; 1435–1440
   Google Scholar
• Lele P. P., Goddard J. Optimizing insonation parameters in therapy planning for deep heating by SIMFU. Proceedings of the 9th Annual Conference, IEEE/EMBS. 1987; 1650–1651
   Google Scholar
• Lele P. P., Parker K. J. Temperature distributions in tissues during local hyperthermia by stationary or steered beams of unfocused or focused ultrasound. British Journal of Cancer 1982; 45: 108–121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moros E. G. Simulations of scanned focussed ultrasound hyperthermia: the effect of scanning speed, scanning pattern, and multiple tilted transducers. Masters thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 1987
   Google Scholar
• Moros E. G., Roemer R. B., Hynynen K. Simulations of scanned focussed ultrasound hyperthermia: the effects of scanning speed and pattern on the temperature fluctuations at the focal depth. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 1988; 35: 552–560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker K. J. The generation and analysis of hyperthermia by ultrasound. Ph.D. thesis, MIT, Boston, MA 1981
   Google Scholar
• Parker K. J., Lele P. P. The effect of blood flow on temperature distributions during localized hyperthermia. Annals, of the New York Academy of Sciences 1980; 335: 64–65
   Google Scholar
• Roemer R. B. Heat transfer in hyperthermia treatments: basic principles and applications. Biological, Physical and Clinical Aspects of Hyperthermia, B. R. Paliwal, F. W. Hetzel, M. W. Dewhirst. American Institute of Physics, New York 1988; 210–243
   Google Scholar
• Roemer R. B., Swindell W., Clegg S., Kress R. Simulation of focused, scanned ultrasonic heating of deep-seated tumors: The effect of blood perfusion. IEEE Transactions on Sonics and Ultrasonics 1984; SU31: 457–466
   Google Scholar
• Shimm D. S., Hynynen K., Anhalt D. P., Roemer R. B., Cassady J. R. Scanned focussed ultrasound hyperthermia: initial clinical results. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1988; 15: 1203–1208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swindell W. Ultrasonic Hyperthermia. Physical Techniques in Clinical Hyperthermia, J. W. hand, J. R. James. Research Studies Press. 1986; 289–325
   Google Scholar
• Swindell W., Roemer R. B., Clegg S. Temperature distributions caused by dynamic scanning of focused ultrasound transducers. Proceedings of the 1982 IEEE Ultrasound Symposium. 1982; 750–753
   Google Scholar