References
- Stroebe H. Ueber Entstehung und Bau der Gehirnglioma. Beitr Pathol Anat Allg Pathol 1895;19:405–86.
- Louis D, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, et al. The 2007 WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol 2007;114:97–109.
- Miller C, Perry A. Glioblastoma: morphologic and molecular genetic diversity. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2006;131:397–406.
- Han SJ, Yang I, Tihan J, Prados MD, Parsa AT. Primary gliosarcoma: key clinical and pathologic distinctions from glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2010;96:313–20.
- Lutterbach J, Guttenberger R, Pagenstecher A. Gliosarcoma: a clinical study. Radiother Oncol 2001;61:57–64.
- Galanis E, Buckner JC, Dinapoli RP, et al. Clinical outcome of gliosarcoma compared with glioblastoma multiforme: North Central Cancer Treatment Group results. J Neurosurg 1998;89:425–30.
- Meis JM, Martz KL, Nelson JS. Mixed glioblastoma multiforme and sarcoma. A clinicopathologic study of 26 radiation therapy oncology group cases. Cancer 1991;67:2342–9.
- Sarkar C, Sharma MC, Sudha K, Gaikwad S, Varma A. A clinicopathological study of 29 cases of gliosarcoma with special reference to two unique variants. Indian J Med Res 1997;106:229–35.
- Biernat W, Aguzzi A, Sure U, Grant JW, Kleihues P, Hegi ME. Identical mutations of the p53 tumour suppressor gene in the gliomatous and the sarcomatous components of gliosarcomas suggest a common origin from glial cells. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1995;54:651–6.
- Reis R, Konu-Lebleblicioglu D, Lopes JM, Kleihues P, Ohgaki H. Genetic profile of gliosarcomas. Am J Pathol 2000;156:425–32.
- Actor B, Cobbers JM, Buschges R, et al. Comprehensive analysis of genomic alterations in gliosarcoma and its two tissue components. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2002;34:416–27.
- Perry J, Ang LC, Bilbao JM, Muller PJ. Clinicopathologic features of primary and postirradiation cerebral gliosarcoma. Cancer 1995;75:2910–8.
- Karremann M, Rausche U, Fleischhack G, et al. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric gliosarcomas. J Neurooncol 2010;97:257–65.
- Lee Y, Castillo M, Nauert C, Moser RP. Computed tomography of gliosarcoma. Am J Neuroradiol 1985;4:527–31.
- Maiuri F, Stella L, Benvenuti D, Giamundo A, Pettinato G. Cerebral gliosarcomas: correlation of computed tomographic findings, surgical aspect, pathological features, and prognosis. Neurosurgery 1990;26:261–7.
- Cervoni L, Celli P. Cerebral gliosarcoma: prognostic factors. Neurosurg Rev 1996;19:93–6.
- Stupp R, Mason WP, Van den Bent MJ, et al. Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. N Engl J Med 2005;352:987–96.
- Morantz R, Feigin I, Ransohoff J. Clinical and pathological study of 24 cases of gliosarcoma. J Neurosurg 1976;45:398–408.
- Ehrenreich T, Devlin JF. A complex of glioblastoma and spindle-cell sarcoma with pulmonary metastases. Arch Pathol 1958;66:536–49.
- Garret R. Glioblastoma and fibrosarcoma of the brain with extracranial metastases. Cancer 1958;11:888–94.
- Smith D, Hardman JM, Earle KM. Glioblastoma multiforme and fibrosarcoma with extracranial metastasis. Cancer 1969;24:270–6.
- Gjedrum L, Bojsen-Moller M. 61-year old male with brain tumour and oral, lung, and palpebral masses. Brain Pathol 1999;9:421–2.
- Ojeda V, Sterrett GF. Cerebral gliosarcoma, pulmonary adenoid-cystic carcinoma, and pulmonary metastatic gliosarcoma: report of an untreated case. Pathology 1984;16:217–21.
- Weaver D, Vandenberg S, Park TS, Jane JA. Selective peripancreatic sarcoma metastases from primary gliosarcoma. J Neurosurg 1984;61:599–601.
- Cerame M, Guthikonda M, Kohli CM. Extraneural metastases in gliosarcoma: a case report and review of literature. Neurosurgery 1985;17:413–8.
- Matsuyama J, Mori T, Hori S, Nakano T, Yamada A. Gliosarcoma with multiple extracranial metastases. Case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 1989;29:938–43.
- Slowik F, Balogh I. Extracranial spreading of glioblastoma multiforme. Zentralbl Neurochir 1980;41:57–68.
- Yokoyama H, Ono H, Mori K, Kishikawa M, Kihara M. Extracranial metastasis of glioblastoma with sarcomatous component. Surg Neurol 1985;24:641–5.
- Kozak KR, Mahadevan A, Moody JS. Adult gliosarcoma: epidemiology, natural history, and factors associated with outcome. Neuro Oncol 2009;11:183–91.
- Winkler PA, Buttner A, Tomezzoli A, Weis S. Histologically repeatedly confirmed gliosarcoma with long survival: review of the literature and report of a case. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2000;142:91–5.
- Parekh H, O'Donovan DG, Sharma RR, Keogh AJ. Primary cerebral gliosarcoma: report of 17 cases. Br J Neurosurg 1995;9:171–8.
- Kumar P, Singh S, Kumar P, Krishnani N, Datta NR. Gliosarcoma: an audit from a single institute in India of 24 postirradiated cases over 15 years. J Cancer Res Ther 2008;4:164–8.
- Kumar P, Sharma SC, Angurana SL Evaluation of outcome and prognostic factors in glioblastoma multiforme: a single institution experience. J Cancer Res Ther supplements 2005;5:S76–7.