Outcomes following single-session radiosurgery for high-grade intracranial arteriovenous malformations

References

• Spetzler RF, Martin NA. A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1986;65:476–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayaraman MV, Marcellus ML, Do HM, et al. Hemorrhage rate in patients with Spetzler-Martin grades IV and V arteriovenous malformations: is treatment justified? Stroke 2007;38:325–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han PP, Ponce FA, Spetzler RF. Intention-to-treat analysis of Spetzler-Martin grades IV and V arteriovenous malformations: natural history and treatment paradigm. J Neurosurg 2003;98:3–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang SD, Marcellus ML, Marks MP, et al. Multimodality treatment of giant intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 2003;53:1–11; discussion 11 − 3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langer DJ, Lasner TM, Hurst RW, et al. Hypertension, small size, and deep venous drainage are associated with risk of hemorrhagic presentation of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 1998;42:481–6; discussion 7–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stefani MA, Porter PJ, terBrugge KG, et al. Large and deep brain arteriovenous malformations are associated with risk of future hemorrhage. Stroke 2002;33:1220–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spetzler RF, Hargraves RW, McCormick PW, et al. Relationship of perfusion pressure and size to risk of hemorrhage from arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg. 1992;76:918–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown RD Jr, Wiebers DO, Forbes G, et al. The natural history of unruptured intracranial arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1988;68:352–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ondra SL, Troupp H, George ED, Schwab K. The natural history of symptomatic arteriovenous malformations of the brain: a 24-year follow-up assessment. J Neurosurg 1990;73:387–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graf CJ, Perret GE, Torner JC. Bleeding from cerebral arteriovenous malformations as part of their natural history. J Neurosurg 1983;58:331–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiner L, Lindquist C, Adler JR, et al. Clinical outcome of radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1992;77:1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starke RM, Yen CP, Ding D, Sheehan JP. A practical grading scale to predict radiosurgery outcome in arteriovenous malformations: analysis of 1,012 treated patients. J Neurosurg [Clinical article]. 2013;119:981–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollock BE, Flickinger JC, Lunsford LD, Maitz A, Kondziolka D. Factors associated with successful arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery. Neurosurgery 1998;42:1239–44; discussion 44–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wegner RE, Oysul K, Pollock BE, et al. A modified radiosurgery-based arteriovenous malformation grading scale and its correlation with outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011; 79:1147–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heros RC, Korosue K, Diebold PM. Surgical excision of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: late results. Neurosurgery 1990;26:570–7; discussion 7–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spetzler RF, Wilson CB, Weinstein P, et al. Normal perfusion pressure breakthrough theory. Clin Neurosurg 1978;25:651–72.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spetzler RF, Martin NA, Carter LP, et al. Surgical management of large AVM's by staged embolization and operative excision. J Neurosurg 1987;67:17–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan MK, Sundt TM Jr. The case against staged operative resection of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 1989;25:429–35; discussion 35–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saatci I, Geyik S, Yavuz K, Cekirge HS. Endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations with prolonged intranidal Onyx injection technique: long-term results in 350 consecutive patients with completed endovascular treatment course. J Neurosurg 2011;115:78–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rooij WJ, Sluzewski M, Beute GN. Brain AVM embolization with Onyx. Am J Neuroradiol 2007;28:172–7; discussion 8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panagiotopoulos V, Gizewski E, Asgari S, et al. Embolization of intracranial arteriovenous malformations with ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx). Am J Neuroradiol 2009;30:99–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller RA, Jankowitz B. Endovascular embolization in combination with radiosurgery for treatment of arteriovenous malformations. Prog Neurol Surg 2013;27:81–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heros RC. Spetzler-Martin grades IV and V arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2003;98:1–2; discussion
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao F, Gorgulho AA, Lin CS, et al. Treatment of giant cerebral arteriovenous malformation: hypofractionated stereotactic radiation as the first stage. Neurosurgery 2010;67:1253–9; discussion 9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollock BE, Kline RW, Stafford SL, Foote RL, Schomberg PJ. The rationale and technique of staged-volume arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000;48:817–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kano H, Kondziolka D, Flickinger JC, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations, Part 6: multistaged volumetric management of large arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2012;116:54–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fogh S, Ma L, Gupta N, et al. High-precision volume-staged Gamma Knife surgery and equivalent hypofractionation dose schedules for treating large arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2012;117:115–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Pollock BE, Maitz AH, Lunsford LD. Complications from arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery: multivariate analysis and risk modeling. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997;38:485–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding D, Yen CP, Xu Z, Starke RM, Sheehan JP. Radiosurgery for patients with unruptured intracranial arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2013;118:958–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrade-Souza YM, Ramani M, Scora D, et al. Embolization before radiosurgery reduces the obliteration rate of arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 2007;60:443–51; discussion 51–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwyzer L, Yen CP, Evans A, Zavoian S, Steiner L. Long-term results of gamma knife surgery for partially embolized arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 2012;71:1139–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mounayer C, Hammami N, Piotin M, et al. Nidal embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations using Onyx in 94 patients. Am J Neuroradiol 2007;28:518–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang SY, Kim DG, Chung HT, et al. Radiosurgery for large cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2009;151: 113–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yen CP, Matsumoto JA, Wintermark M, et al. Radiation-induced imaging changes following Gamma Knife surgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2013;118:63–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan DH, Guo WY, Chung WY, et al. Gamma knife radiosurgery as a single treatment modality for large cerebral arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2000;93:113–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohr JP, Moskowitz AJ, Stapf C, et al. The ARUBA trial: current status, future hopes. Stroke 2010;41:e537–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiehler J, Stapf C. ARUBA–beating natural history in unruptured brain AVMs by intervention. Neuroradiology 2008; 50:465–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagy G, Rowe JG, Radatz MW, et al. A historical analysis of single-stage gamma knife radiosurgical treatment for large arteriovenous malformations: evolution and outcomes. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2012;154:383–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollock BE, Kondziolka D, Flickinger JC, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging: an accurate method to evaluate arteriovenous malformations after stereotactic radiosurgery. J Neurosurg 1996; 85:1044–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar