References
- Weir B, Grace M, Hansen J, Rothberg C. Time course of vasospasm in man. J Neurosurg 1978; 48: 173–8
- Wilkins R H. Attempts at prevention and treatment of delayed ischaemic dysfunction in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochirur (Wein) 1988; 36–40, suppl 45
- Powers W J, Grubb R L, Baker R P, Mintin M A, Raichle M E. Regional cerebral blood flow and metabolism in reversible ischaemia due to vasospasm. Determination by positron emission tomography. J Neurosurg 1985; 62: 539–46
- Yonas H, Sekhar L, Johnson D, Gur D. Determination of irreversible ischemia by xenon-enhanced computed tomographic monitoring of cerebral blood flow in patients with symptomatic vasospasm. Neurosurgery 1989; 24: 368–72
- Yoshimoto T, Ogawa A, Mizoi K. Intrathecal injection of plasminogen activator for prevention of vasospasm. A clinical study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1991; 11(suppl 2)S644
- Muizelaar J P, Becker D P. Induced hypertension for the treatment of cerebral ischaemia after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Surg Neurol 1986; 317–325
- Awad I A, Carter P, Spetzler R F, Medina M, Williams F W. Clinical vasospasm after subarachnoid haemor-rage: response to hypervolaemic haemodilution and arterial hypertension. Stroke 1987; 18: 365–72
- Bullock R, McCulloch J, Lowe D, Chen M H, Teasdale G M. Focal ischaemic damage is reduced by CPP-ene: studies in two animal models. Stroke 1990; 21(suppl III)32–6
- McCulloch J, Bullock R, Teasdale G M. Excitatory amino acid antagonists: opportunities for the treatment of ischaemic brain damage in man. Excitatory amino acid antagonists, B S Meldrum. Blackwell Scientific, London 1991; 287–326
- Fisher C M, Kistler J P, Davis J M. Relation of cerebral vasospasm to subarachnoid haemorrhage visualised by computerized tomographic scanning. Neurosurgery 1980; 6: 1–9
- Compton J S, Redmond S, Symon L. Cerebral blood velocity in subarachnoid haemorrhage: a transcranial Doppler study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1987; 50: 1499–503
- Meyer C HA, Lowe D, Meyer M, Richardson P L, Neil-Dwyer G. Progressive change in cerebral blood flow during the first three weeks after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Neurosurgery 1983; 12: 58–76
- Davis S, Andrews J, Lichtenstein M, et al. A single-photon emission computed tomography study of hypoperfusion after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Stroke 1990; 21: 252–9
- Aaslid R, Huber P, Nornes H. Evaluation of cerebrovascular spasm with transcranial Doppler ultrasound. J Neurosurg 1984; 60: 37–41
- Aaslid R. The Doppler principle applied to measurement of blood flow velocity in cerebral arteries. Transcranial Doppler sonography, R Aaslid. Springer-Verlag, Vienna 1986; 22–38
- Seiler R W, Grolimund P, Aaslid R, Huber P, Nornes H. Cerebral vasospasm evaluated by transcranial ultrasound correlated with clinical grade and CT-visualised subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurosurg 1986; 64: 594–600
- Seiler R W, Grolimund P. Transcranial Doppler evaluation of cerebral vasospasm. Cerebral vasospasm, R H Wilkins. Raven Press, New York 1988; 19–23
- Pasqualin A, Acerbi G, Licata C, Caciagli P, DaPian R. Transcranial Doppler findings in the early stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage: relation to the amount of cisternal blood deposition and modality of treatment. Cerebral vasospasm, R H Wilkins. Raven Press, New York 1988; 25–32
- Sloan M A, Halety E C, Kassell N F, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurology 1989; 39: 1514–18
- Lindegaard K F, Nornes H, Bakke S J, Sorteberg W, Nakstad P. Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage investigated by transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Acta Neurochirur (Wein) 1988; 42(suppl)81–4
- Grosset D G, Bone I, Bullock R, Straiton J, DuTrevou M, Wyper D. Vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage: transcranial Doppler monitoring predicts focal blood flow changes on SPECT, and neurological deficit. Cerebral vasospasm, K Sano, K Takakaura, N F Kassell, T Sasaki. Tokyo Press, Japan 1990; 18–20
- Grosset D G, Straiton J, DuTrevou M, Bullock R. Prediction of symptomatic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage by rapidly increasing transcranial Doppler velocity and cerebral blood flow changes. Stoke 1992; 23: 674–9
- Muizelaar J P. Cerebral blood flow measurements in the diagnosis and treatment of aneurysmal 'vasospasm'. Cerebral vasospasm, R H Wilkins. Raven Press, New York 1988; 63–72
- Symon L, Compton J, Redmond S, Rosenstein J, Momma F. Bedside monitoring in subarachnoid hemorrhage: evoked responses, hemispherical blood flow, and flow velocity measurements. Cerebral vasospasm, R H Wilkins. Raven, New York 1988; 73–8
- Sekhar L M, Wechsler L R, Yonas K, Obrist W. Value of transcranial Doppler examination in the diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Neurosurgery 1988; 22: 813–21
- Harders A G, Gilsbach J M. Time course of blood velocity changes related to vasospasm in the circle of Willis measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasound. J Neurosurg 1987; 66: 718–28
- Harders A G, Gilsbach J M, Hornyak M E. Incidence of vasospasm in transcranial Doppler sonography and its clinical significance: a prospective study in 100 consecutive patients who were given intravenous nimodi-pine and who underwent early aneurysm surgery. Cerebral vasospasm, R H Wilkins. Raven Press, New York 1988; 33–52
- Harders A, Gilsbach J M. Time course of blood velocity changes related to vasospasm in the circle of Willis measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasound. J Neurosurg 1987; 66: 718–28
- Lindegaard K F, Lundar T, Wiberg J, Sjoberg D, Aaslid R, Nornes H. Variations in middle cerebral artery blood flow investigated with non-invasive transcranial blood velocity measurements. Stroke 1987; 18: 1025–30
- Aaslid R, Markwalder T M, Nornes H. Noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasound recording of flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries. J Neurosurg 1982; 57: 769–74