Head injury in Germany: A population-based prospective study on epidemiology, causes, treatment and outcome of all degrees of head-injury severity in two distinct areas

References

• Steudel WI, Cortbus F, Schwerdtfeger K. Epidemiology and prevention of fatal head injuries in Germany–trends and the impact of the reunification. Acta Neurochirurgica (Wien) 2005; 147: 231–242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farin A, Marshall LF. Lessons from epidemiologic studies in clinical trials of traumatic brain injury. Acta Neurochirurgica 2004; 89(Suppl)101–107
   Google Scholar
• Masson F, Thicoipe M, Aye P, Mokni T, Senjean P, Schmitt V, Dessalles PH, Cazaugade M, Labadens P. Aquitaine Group for Severe Brain Injuries Study. Epidemiology of severe brain injuries: A prospective population-based study. Journal of Trauma 2001; 51: 481–489
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu WT, Yeh KH, Li YC, Gan YH, Chen HY, Hung CC. Traumatic brain injury registry in Taiwan. Neurology Research 1997; 19: 261–264
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouillon B, Raum M, Fach H, Buchheister B, Lefering R, Menzel J, Klug N. The incidence and outcome of severe brain trauma. Design and first results of an epidemiological study in an urban area. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience 1999; 14: 85–92
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirth A, Baethmann A, Schlesinger-Raab A, Assal J, Aydemir S, Bayeff-Filloff M, Beck J, Belg A, Boscher A, Chapuis D, et al. Study Group of BMBF-Research Consortium Neurotraumatology and Neuropsychological Rehabilitation: Prospective documentation and analysis of the pre- and early clinical management in severe head injury in southern Bavaria at a population based level. Acta Neurochirurgica 2004; 89(Suppl)119–123
   Google Scholar
• Andersson EH, Bjorklund R, Emanuelson I, Stalhammar D. Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury: A population based study in western Sweden. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 2003; 107: 256–269
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langlois JA, Rutland-Brown W, Thomas KE. Traumatic brain injury in the United States: Emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths. Available online at: www.cdc.gov/ncipc/pub-res/TBI_in_US_04/TBI%20in%20the%20US_Jan_2006.pdf, accessed 6 July 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Keris V, Lavendelsi E, Macane I. Association between implementation of clinical practice guidelines and outome for traumatic brain injury. World Journal of Surgery 2007; 31: 1354–1357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Servadei F, Antonelli V, Betti L, Chieregato A, Fainardi E, Gardini E, Guiliani G, Salizzato L, Kraus JF. Regional brain injury epidemiology as the basis for planning brain injury treatment. The Romagna (Italy) experience. Journal of Neurological Sciences 2002; 46: 111–119
   Google Scholar
• Styrke J, Stålnacke BM, Sojka P, Björnstig U. Traumatic brain injuries in a well-defined population: Epidemiological aspects and severity. Journal of Neurotrauma 2002; 24: 1425–1436
   Google Scholar
• Tagliaferri F, Compagnone C, Korsic M, Servadei F, Kraus J. A systematic review of brain injury epidemiology in Europe. Acta Neurochirurgica (Wien) 2006; 148: 255–268
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraus JF, Black MA, Hessol N, Ley P, Rokaw W, Sullivan C, Bowers S, Knowlton S, MArshall L. The incidence of acute brain injury and serious impairment in a defined population. American Journal of Epidemiology 1984; 119: 186–201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nell VBD. Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in Johannesburg.II: Morbidity, mortality and etiology. Social Science and Medicine 1991; 33: 289–296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiret LHE, Thicoipe M, Garros B, Maurette P, Castel JP, Hatton F. The epidemiology of head trauma in Aquitaine (France) (1986): A community-based study of hospital admission and deaths. International Journal of Epidemiology 1990; 19: 133–140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillier SL, Hiller JE, Metzer J. Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in South Australia. Brain Injury 1997; 11: 649–659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narayan RK. M. M., and the Clinical Trials in head injury study group. Clinical trial in head injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 2002;19:503–557.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson HJ, McCormick WC, Kagan SH. Traumatic brain injury in older adults: Epidemiology, outcomes, and future implications. Journal of the American Geriatric Society 2006; 54: 1590–1595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosenthal AC, Lavery RF, Addis M, Kaul S, Ross S, Marburger R, Deitch EA, Livingston DH. Isolated traumatic brain injury: Age is an independent predictor of mortality and early outcome. Journal of Trauma 2002; 52: 907–911
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hukkelhoven CW, Steyerberg EW, Rampen AJ, Farace E, Habbema JD, Marshall LF, Murray GD, Maas AI. Patient age and outcome following severe traumatic brain injury: An analysis of 5600 patients. Journal of Neurosurgery 2003; 99: 666–673
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistisches Bundesamt 2001, Todesursachenstatistik für S02 – S09 nach ICD 10-. Available online at: www.destatis.de/jetspeed/portal/cms/Sites/destatis/Internet/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Gesundheit/Todesursachen/Todesursachen.psml, accessed.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Jiang J, Zhong T, Zhu C. Outcome of 2,284 cases with acute traumatic brain injury. Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2001; 4: 152–155
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sundstrøm T, Sollid S, Wentzel-Larsen T, Wester K. Head injury mortality in the Nordic countries. Journal of Neurotrauma 2007; 24: 147–153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bader MK. Changing team practice: Applying evidence-based brain injury guidelines to clinical practice. Worldviews on Evididence Based Nursing 2004; 1: 227
   Google Scholar
• Fakhry SM, Trask AL, Waller MA, Watts DD. IRTC Neurotrauma Task Force. Management of brain-injured patients by an evidence-based medicine protocol improves outcomes and decreases hospital charges. Journal of Trauma 2004; 56: 492–499
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wild KRH von, Nordström CH, Hernández-Meyer F (eds) 1998 Pathophysiological priciples and controversies in neurotrauma care. W Zuckschwerdt- Verlag München Bern Wien.
   Google Scholar
• Wild KRH von. Perioperative management of severe head injuries in adults. In: Schmidek H, editor. Schmidek and sweet, operative neurosurgical techniques: Indications, methods, and results. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Company; 2000. p 45–60.
   Google Scholar
• Masters SJ, McClean PM, Arcarese JS, Brown RF, Campbell JA, Freed HA, Hess GH, Hoff JT, Kobrine A, Koziol DF. Skull x-ray examinations after head trauma. Recommendations by a multidisciplinary panel and validation study. New England Journal of Medicine 1987; 8: 316, 84–91
   Google Scholar
• Hofman PA, Nelemans P, Kemerink GJ, Wilmink JT. Value of radiological diagnosis of skull fracture in the management of mild head injury: Meta-analysis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2000; 68: 416–422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiell IG, Lesiuk H, Wells GA, Coyle D, McKnight RD, Brison R, Clement C, Eisenhauer MA, Greenberg GH, Macphail I, et al. Canadian CT Head and C-Spine Study Group. Canadian CT head rule study for patients with minor head injury: Methodology for phase II (validation and economic analysis). Annals of Emergency Medicine 2001; 38: 317–322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hukkelhoven CW, Steyerberg EW, Farace E, Habbema JD, Marshall LF, Maas AI. Regional differences in patient characteristics, case management, and outcomes in traumatic brain injury: Experience from the tirilazad trials. Journal of Neurosurgery 2002; 97: 549–557
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groswasser Z, Cohen M, Blankstein E. Polytrauma associated with traumatic brain injury: Incidence, nature and impact on rehabilitation outcome. Brain Injury 1990; 4: 161–166
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cassidy JD, Carroll LJ, Peloso PM, Borg J, von Holst H, Holm L, Kraus J, Coronado VG. WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury: Results of the WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Rehabilitation and Medicine 2004; 43(Suppl)28–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vos PE, Battistin L, von Wild K, MTBI Task Force. EFNS guidelines on mild traumatic brain injury: Report of an EFNS task force. European Journal of Neurology 2002;9:207–219.
   Google Scholar
• Greiner W. Die Berechnung von Kosten und Nutzen im Gesundheitswesen. Gesundheitsökonomische evaluationen, 2nd, O Schöffski, J-M Schulenburg, VD Graf. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 2000
   Google Scholar
• Leidl R. Der Effizienz auf der spur: Eine einführung in die ökonomische evaluation. Das public health buch, 2nd, FW Schwartz, B Badura, R Leidl, H Raspe, J Siegrist. Urban und Fischer Verlag, München, Jena 2003; 461–484
   Google Scholar
• Wild KRH von. Neuro-rehabilitation- a challenge for neurosurgeons in the century 21st concepts and visions of the WFNS-committee on neurosurgical rehabilitation. Acta Neurochirurgica 2001;79(Suppl):3–10.
   Google Scholar
• Wild KRH von in cooperation with the TBI study Council. Neurorehabilitation following craniocerebral trauma. European Journal of Trauma 2005; 4: 344–358
   Google Scholar