Male pituitary-gonadal dysfunction following severe traumatic brain injury

References

• Edwards O. M., Clark J. D. A. Post-traumatic hypopituitarism: six cases and a review of the literature. Medicine 1986; 65: 281–290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceballos R. Pituitary changes in head trauma (analysis of 102 consectuvic cases of head injury). Alabama Journal of Medical Science 1966; 3: 185–198
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Crompton M. R. Hypothalamic lesions following closed head injury. Brain 1971; 94: 165–172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniel P. M., Treip C. S. The pathology of the pituitary land in head injury. Modern Trends in Endocrinology, H. Gardiner-Hill. 2nd series, Hoeber, New York 1983; 55–68
   Google Scholar
• Harper C. G., Doyle D., Adams J. H., et al. Analysis of abnormalities in pituitary gland in non-missile head injury: study of 100 consecutiv cases. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1986; 39: 768–773
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kornblum R. N., Fisher R. S. Pituitary lesions in craniocercbral injuries. Archives of pathology 1969; 88: 242–248
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Treip C. S. Hypothalamic and pituitary injury. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1970; 23(Suppl. 4)178–186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark J. D. A., Raggatt P. R., Edwards O. M. Hypothalamic hypogonadism following major head injury. Clinical Endocrinology 1988; 29: 153–165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleischer A. S., Rudman D. R., Payne N. S., et al. Hypothalamic hypothyroidism and hypogonadism in prolonged traumatic coma. Journal of Neurosurgery 1978; 49: 650–657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudman D., Fleischer A. S., Kutner M. H., et al. Suprahypophyseal hypogonadism and hypothyroidism during prolonged coma after head trauma. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1977; 45: 747–754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woolf P. D., Hamill R. W., McDonald J. V., et al. Transient hypogonadotropic hypogonadism caused by critical illness. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1985; 60: 444–450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woolf P. D., Hamill R. W., McDonald J. V., et al. Transient hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism after head trauma: effects on steroid precursors and correlation with sympathetic nervous system activity. Clinical Endocrinology 1986; 25: 265–274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King L. R., Knowles H. C., McLaurin R. L., et al. Pituitary hormone response to head injury. Neurosurgery 1981; 9: 229–235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rappapout M., Hall K. M., Hopkins K., et al. Disability rating scale for severe head trauma: coma to community. Archives of Physical Medical and Rehabilitation 1982; 63: 118–123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagen C., Malkmus D., Durham P. Levels of cognitive functions. Professional staff association of Rancho Los Amigos Hospital. Rehabilitation of Head-injured Adults: Comprehensive Physical Management, Downey, CA 1971; 10–13
   Google Scholar
• Wang C., Chan V., Tse T. F., et al. Effect of acute myocardial infarction on pituitary-tcsticular function. Clinical Endocrinology 1978; 9: 249–253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C., Chan V., Yeung R. T. T. Effect of surgical stress on pituitary-tcsticular function. Clinical Endocrinology 1978; 9: 255–266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogel A. V., Peake G. T., Raha R. T. Pituitary-testicular axis dysfunction in burned men. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1985; 60: 658–665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semple P. D'A., Beastall G. H., Watson W. S., et al. Scrum testosterone depression associated with hypoxia in respiratory failure. Clinical Science 1980; 58: 105–106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolman L. Pituitary necrosis in raised intracranial pressure. Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 1956; 72: 575–586
   Google Scholar
• Kenyon A. T., Sandiforo I., Bryan A. H., et al. The effect of testosterone propionate on nitrogen, electrolyte, water and energy metabolism in eunuchoidism. Endocrinology 1938; 23: 135–153
   Google Scholar
• Mooradian A. D., Morley J. E., Korenman S. G. Biological actions of androgens. Endocrine Reviews 1987; 8: 1–28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forbes G. B. The effect of anabolic steroids on lean body mass: the dose response curve. Metabolism 1985; 34: 571–573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier D. E., Orwoll E. S. Marked decline in male vertebral bone mineral content with age: association with free testosterone levels. Clinical Research 1985; 33: 438A
   Google Scholar
• Morley J. E., Perry N. M., Kaiser F. E., et al. Effects of testosterone replacement therapy in old hypogonadal males: a preliminary study. Journal of the American Geriatric Society 1993; 41: 149–152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenover J. S. Effects of testosterone supplementation in the aging male. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1992; 75: 1092–1098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cappa S. F., Guariglia C., Papagno C., et al. Patterns of latcralization and performance levels for verbal and spatial tasks in congenital androgen deficiency. Behavioral Brain Research 1988; 31: 177–183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hier D. B., Crowley W. F. Spatial ability in androgcn-deficient men. New England Journal of Medicine 1982; 306: 1202–1205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon H. W., Lee P. A. A relationship between gonadotropins and visuospatial function. Neuropsychologia 1986; 24: 563–576
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zasler N. D. Sexual function in traumatic brain injury. Psychiatric Aspects of Traumatic Brain Injury, J. M. Silver, S. C. Yodofsky, R. E. Hales. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, D.C. 1993, (In press)
   Google Scholar