REFERENCES
- Atienza, A. A., Hesse, B. W., Baker, T. B., Abrams, D. B., Rimer, B. K., Croyle, R. T., (2007). Critical issues in eHealth research. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 32(Suppl. 5), S71–S74.
- Bailey, I. L., Bullimore, M. A., Raasch, T. W., & Taylor, H. R. (1991). Clinical grading and the effects of scaling. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 32, 422–432.
- Baker, D. W., Williams, M. V., Parker, R. M., Gazmararian, J. A., & Nurss, J. (1999). Development of a brief test to measure functional health literacy. Patient Education and Counseling, 38, 33–42.
- Baker, L., Wagner, T. H., Singer, S., & Bundorf, M. K. (2003). Use of the Internet and E-mail for health care transformation. JAMA, 289, 2400–2406.
- Bass, S. B. (2003). How will Internet use affect the patient? A review of computer network and closed internet-based system studies and the implications in understanding how the use of the Internet affects patient populations. Journal of Health Psychology, 8, 25–38.
- Becker, S. (2004). A study of web usability for older adults seeking online health resources. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 11(4), 387–406.
- Bernhardt, J. M., & Cameron, K. A. (2003). Accessing, understanding, and applying health communication messages: The challenge of health literacy. In T. L. Thompson, K. Miller, A. Dorsey, & R. L. Parrott (Eds.), Handbook of health communication (pp. 583–605). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Bickmore, T., Pfeifer, L., & Jack, B. (2009, April). Taking the time to care: Empowering low health literacy hospital patients with virtual nurse agents. Paper presented at the CHI 2009, Boston, MA.
- Birru, M. S., Monaco, V. M., Charles, L., Drew, H., Njie, V., Bierria, T., (2004). Internet usage by low-literacy adults seeking health information: An observational analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 6(3), e25.
- Browne, B. L., Kohn, S., & Pratarelli, M. E. (2009, November). Examining the use of online health and social resources in adulthood. Presentation at the Gerontological Society of America, Atlanta, GA.
- Campbell, R. J. (2008). Meeting seniors’ information needs: Using computer technology. Home Health Care Management & Practice, 20(4), 328–335.
- Charness, N., & Boot, W. R. (2009). Aging and information technology use: Potential and barriers. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18(5), 253–258.
- Chin, J., Fu, W-T., & Kannampallil, T. (2009). Adaptive information search: Age-dependent interactions between cognitive profiles and strategies. Paper presented at the CHI 2009, Boston, MA.
- Coughlin, J. F. & Pope, J. (2008). Innovations in health, wellness, and aging-in-place: Development of a consumer-centered approach to intelligent home services. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology, July/August, 47–52.
- Cresci, K., Morrell, R., & Echt, K. (2004). The convergence of health promotion and the Internet. In R. Nelson & M. J. Ball (Eds.), Consumer informatics in a cyberhealth world (pp. 106–119). New York, NY: Springer & HIMSS.
- Cresci, K., Yarandi, H. N., & Morrell, R. W. (2010). The digital divide and urban older adults. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 28(2), 88–94.
- Cutler, S. J., Hendricks, J., & Guyer, A. (2003). Age differences in home computer availability and use. Journal of Gerontology, 58B, S271–S280.
- Czaja, S. J., Charness, N., Fisk, A. D., Hertzog, C., Nair, S. N., Rogers, W. A., (2006). Factors predicting the use of technology: Findings from the Center for Research and Education on Aging and Technology Enhancement (CREATE). Psychology and Aging, 21, 333–352.
- Czaja, S. J., Guerrier, J. H., Nair, S. N., & Laudauer, T. K. (1993). Computer communication as an aid to independence for older adults. Behavior & Information Technology, 12, 197–207.
- Czaja, S. J., & Lee, C. C. (2007). The impact of aging on access to technology. Universal Access in the Information Society, 5, 341–349.
- Dickerson, S., Reinhart, A. M., Feeley, T. H., Bidani, R., Rich, E., Garg, V. K., (2004). Patient Internet use for health information at three urban primary care clinics. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 11(6), 499–504.
- Echt, K. V. (2002). Designing web-based health information for older adults: Visual considerations and design directives. In R. W. Morrell (Ed.), Older adults, health information, and the World Wide Web (pp. 61–88). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Echt, K. V. (2007). Harnessing technology to enhance health literacy in aging. International Journal of Cognitive Technology, 12(1), 45–54.
- Echt, K. V., & Morrell, R. W. (2003a). Promoting health literacy in older adults: An overview of the promise of interactive technology. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Aging.
- Echt, K. V., & Morrell, R. W. (2003b). Health literacy and aging: The promise of interactive technology. Washington, D.C.: National Institute on Aging.
- Echt, K. V., Morrell, R. W., & Park, D. C. (1998). The effects of age and training formats on basic computer skill acquisition in older adults. Educational Gerontology, 24, 3–25.
- Echt, K. V., & Schuchard, R. A. (2004, April). The role of vision and cognition in older adults’ low health literacy. Paper presented at the 10th Cognitive Aging Conference Atlanta, GA.
- Ferris, F. L., Kassoff, A., Bresnick, G., & Bailey, I. (1982). New visual acuity charts for clinical research. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 94, 91–96.
- Fisk, A. D., Rogers, W. A., Charness, N., Czaja, S. J., & Sharit, J. (2004). Designing for older adults: Principles and creative human factors approaches. Washington, DC: CRC Press.
- Fox, S. (2004). Older Americans and the Internet. Pew Internet and American Life Project. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/reports/pdfs/PIP Seniors Online 2004.pdf.
- Fox, S. (2007). E-patients with a disability or chronic disease. Pew Internet and American Life Project. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media//Files/Reports/2007/EPatients_Chronic_Conditions_2007.pdf.pdf.
- Fox, S., & Jones, S. (2009). The social life of health information. Pew Internet and American Life Project. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media//Files/Reports/2009/PIP_Health_2009.pdf
- Franklin, P. D., Rosenbaum, P. F., Carey, M. P., & Roizen, M. F. (2006). Using sequential email messages to promote health behaviors: Evidence of feasibility and reach in a worksite sample. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 8, e3.
- Freese, J., Rivas, S., & Hargittai, E. (2006). Cognitive ability and Internet use among older adults. Poetics, 34, 236–249.
- Gordon, K. S. (2009, July 21). Variation in veterans’ access to Internet and email: Potential impact on VHA electronic health communication. VA Information Resource Center (VIReC) Clinical Informatics Cyberseminar.
- Gray, N. J., Klein, J. D., Noyce, P. R., Sesselberg, T. S., & Cantrill, J. A. (2005). The Internet: A window on adolescent health literacy. Journal of Adolescent Health, 37, 243.e241–243.e247.
- Haegerstrom-Portnoy, G., Brabyn, J. A., Schneck, M., & Jampolsky, A. (1997). The SKILL card: An acuity test of reduced luminance and contrast. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 38(1), 207–218.
- Harris, J., Rogers, W., & Qualls, C. (1998). Written language comprehension in younger and older adults. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 41, 603–617.
- Hickman, J. M., Rogers, W. A., & Fisk, A. D. (2007). Training older adults to use new technology. Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 62B(Special Issue 1), 77–84.
- Holt, B. J., & Morrell, R. W. (2002). Guidelines for Web site design for older adults: The ultimate influence of cognitive factors. In R. W. Morrell (Ed.), Older adults, health information, and the World Wide Web (pp. 109–132). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Horrigan, J. B. (2008). Home broadband adoption. Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project.
- Kaiser Family Foundation. (2005). E-health and the Elderly: How seniors use the Internet for health information: Key findings from a national survey of older Americans. Retrieved from http://www.kff.org.
- Kerschner, P. A., & Hart, K. C. (1984). The aged user and technology. In R. E. Dunkle, M. R. Haug, & M. Rosenberg (Eds.), Communications technology and the elderly: Issues and forecasts (pp. 135–144). New York: Springer.
- Kressig, R. W., & Echt, K. V. (2002). Exercise prescribing: Computer application in older adults. The Gerontologist, 42(2), 273–277.
- Laberge, J. C., & Scialfa, C. T. (2005). Predictors of web navigation performance in a life span sample of adults. Human Factors, 47(2), 289–302.
- Levinthal, B. R., Morrow, D. G., Tu, W., Wu, J., & Murray, M. D. (2008). Cognition and health literacy in patients with hypertension. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 23(8), 1172–1176.
- Mansfield, J. S., Ahn, S. J., Legge, G. E., & Luebker, A. (1993). A new reading-acuity chart for normal and low vision. Ophthalmic and Visual Optics/Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Technical Digest, 3, 232–235.
- Mayhorn, C. B., Stronge, A., McLaughlin, A., & Rogers, W. A. (2004). Older adults, computer training, and the systems approach: A formula for success. Educational Gerontology, 30(3), 185–203.
- McNeill, L. H., Puleo, E., Bennett, G. G., & Emmons, K. M. (2007). Exploring social contextual correlates of computer ownership and frequency of use among urban, low-income public housing adult residents. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 9(4), e35.
- Mead, S. E., Lamson, N., & Rogers, W. A. (2002). Human factors guidelines for web site usability: Health oriented web sites for older adults. In R. W. Morrell (Ed.), Older adults, health information, and the World Wide Web (pp. 89–107). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Meyer, B. J. F. (1987). Reading comprehension and aging. In K. W. Schaie (Ed.), Annual review of gerontology and geriatrics (Vol. 7, pp. 93–116). New York: Springer.
- Meyer, B. J. F., Young, C., & Bartlett, B. (1989). Memory improved: Enhanced reading comprehension and memory across the life-span through strategic text structure. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Morrell, R. W. (Ed.). (2002). Older adults, health information and the World Wide Web. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Morrell, R. W., Mayhorn, C. B., & Bennett, J. (2000). A survey of World Wide Web use in middle-aged and older adults. Human Factors, 42, 175–182.
- Morrell, R. W., Mayhorn, C. B., & Echt, K. V. (2004). Why older adults use and do not use the Internet. In D. Burdick & S. Kwon (Eds.), Gerontology: Research and Practice in Technology and Aging (pp. 71–85). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, Inc.
- Morrell, R.W., Echt, K.V., Caramagno, J. & McGeehan, D. (in press). Older adults and the Internet: 2010. To appear in International Journal of Cognitive Technology, forthcoming.
- Murden, R. A., McRae, T. D., Kaner, S., & Bucknam, M. E. (1991). Mini-mental state exam scores vary with education in blacks and whites. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 39(2), 149–155.
- Norman, C. D., & Skinner, H. (2006). eHealth literacy: Essential skills for consumer health in a networked world. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 8(2), e9.
- Nurss, J. R., Parker, R. M., Williams, M. V., & Baker, D. W. (2000). Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults: Technical Report. Atlanta, GA: Georgia State University.
- Peacock, S. E., & Künemund, H. (2007). Senior citizens and Internet technology: Reasons and correlates of access versus non-access in a European comparative perspective. European Journal of Ageing, 4(4), 191–200.
- Rogers, W. A., Meyer, B., Walker, N., & Fisk, A. D. (1998). Functional limitations to daily living tasks in the aged: A focus group analysis. Human Factors, 40, 111–125.
- Shea, K., Shih, A., & Davis, K. (2007). Health care opinion leaders’ views on the quality and safety of health care in the United States. New York: The Commonwealth Fund.
- Stronge, A. J., Rogers, W. A., & Fisk, A. D. (2006). Web-based information search and retrieval: Effects of strategy use and age on search success. Human Factors, 48, 443–446.
- Taha, J., Sharit, J., & Czaja, S. J. (2009). Use of and satisfaction with sources of health information among older Internet users and nonusers. The Gerontologist, 49(5), 663–673.
- Viswanath, K., & Kreuter, M. W. (2007). Health disparities, communication inequalities, and eHealth. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 32, S131–S133.
- Web Accessibility Initiative (2008). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. available at http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG/ accessed on April 30, 2010.
- Watson, G. R., & Echt, K. V. (2010). Aging and vision loss. In A. L. Corn & A. J. Koenig (Eds.), Foundations of low vision: Clinical and functional perspectives (pp. 871–916). New York: AFB Press.
- Watson, G. R., Whittaker, S., & Steciw, M. (1995). The pepper visual skills for reading test (2nd ed.). Lilburn, GA: Bear Consultants.
- Wechsler, D. A. (1981). Manual for the Wechsler adult intelligence scale-revised. New York: Psychological Corporation.
- Woodcock, R. W. (1998). Woodcock reading mastery tests- revised examiner's manual. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service, Inc.
- World Health Organization (WHO). (1998). Health promotion glossary. Health Promotion International, 13(4), 349–364.
- Zachary, R. A. (2000). Shipley institute of living scale: Revised manual. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
- Zarcadoolas, C., Blanco, M., Boyer, J. F., & Pleasant, A. (2002). Unweaving the Web: An exploratory study of low-literate adults’ navigation skills on the World Wide Web. Journal of Health Communication, 7(4), 309–324.