Association of General and Central Obesity and Atopic and Nonatopic Asthma in US Adults

References

• Beuther DA, Sutherland ER. Overweight, obesity, and incident asthma: A meta-analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175:661–666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vortmann M, Eisner MD. BMI and health status among adults with asthma. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:146–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosen DM, Schatz M, Magid DJ, Camargo CA Jr. The relationship between obesity and asthma severity and control in adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 122:507–511.e6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon AE, Shade DM, Cohen RI, Skloot GS, Holbrook JT, Smith LJ, Lima JJ, Allayee H, Irvin CG, Wise RA. Effect of obesity on clinical presentation and response to treatment in asthma. J Asthma 2006; 43:553–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters-Golden M, Swern A, Bird SS, Hustad CM, Grant E, Edelman JM. Influence of body mass index on the response to asthma controller agents. Eur Respir J 2006; 27:495–503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Despres JP. Is visceral obesity the cause of the metabolic syndrome? Ann Med 2006; 38:52–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litwin SE. Which measures of obesity best predict cardiovascular risk? J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52:616–619.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashwell M, Gunn P, Gibson S. Waist-to-height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2012; 13:275–286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergman RN, Kim SP, Hsu IR, Catalano KJ, Chiu JD, Kabir M, Richey JM, Ader M. Abdominal obesity: Role in the pathophysiology of metabolic disease and cardiovascular risk. Am J Med 2007; 120:S3-8; discussion S29–32.
   Google Scholar
• Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Waist circumference and not body mass index explains obesity-related health risk. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 79:379–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canoy D, Boekholdt SM, Wareham N, Luben R, Welch A, Bingham S, Buchan I, Day N, Khaw KT. Body fat distribution and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition in Norfolk cohort: A population-based prospective study. Circulation 2007; 116:2933–2943.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosy-Westphal A, Geisler C, Onur S, Korth O, Selberg O, Schrezenmeir J, Muller MJ. Value of body fat mass vs anthropometric obesity indices in the assessment of metabolic risk factors. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006; 30:475–483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman DS, Kahn HS, Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn LM, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Relation of body mass index and waist-to-height ratio to cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86: 33–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gelber RP, Gaziano JM, Orav EJ, Manson JE, Buring JE, Kurth T. Measures of obesity and cardiovascular risk among men and women. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52:605–615.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris MM, Stevens J, Thomas N, Schreiner P, Folsom AR. Associations of fat distribution and obesity with hypertension in a bi-ethnic population: The ARIC study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Obes Res 2000; 8:516–524.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Diaz VA, Mainous AG 3rd, Baker R, Carnemolla M, Majeed A. How does ethnicity affect the association between obesity and diabetes? Diabet Med 2007; 24:1199–1204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burney P, Malmberg E, Chinn S, Jarvis D, Luczynska C, Lai E. The distribution of total and specific serum IgE in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997; 99:314–322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vieira VJ, Ronan AM, Windt MR, Tagliaferro AR. Elevated atopy in healthy obese women. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82:504–509.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ford ES, Mannino DM, Redd SC, Mokdad AH, Mott JA. Body mass index and asthma incidence among USA adults. Eur Respir J 2004; 24:740–744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arif AA, Delclos GL, Lee ES, Tortolero SR, Whitehead LW. Prevalence and risk factors of asthma and wheezing among US adults: An analysis of the NHANES III data. Eur Respir J 2003; 21:827–833.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McHugh MK, Symanski E, Pompeii LA, Delclos GL. Prevalence of asthma among adult females and males in the United States: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2001–2004. J Asthma 2009; 46:759–766.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 2004; 363:157–163.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• World Health Organisation. Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Ashwell M, Hsieh SD. Six reasons why the waist-to-height ratio is a rapid and effective global indicator for health risks of obesity and how its use could simplify the international public health message on obesity. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2005; 56:303–307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youden WJ. Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer 1950; 3:32–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akaike H. A new look at the statistical model identification. Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on 1974; 19:716–723.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology 1982; 143:29–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kronander UN, Falkenberg M, Zetterstrom O. Prevalence and incidence of asthma related to waist circumference and BMI in a Swedish community sample. Respir Med 2004; 98:1108–1116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appleton SL, Adams RJ, Wilson DH, Taylor AW, Ruffin RE. Central obesity is associated with nonatopic but not atopic asthma in a representative population sample. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 118:1284–1291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma J, Xiao L, Knowles SB. Obesity, insulin resistance and the prevalence of atopy and asthma in US adults. Allergy 2010; 65:1455–1463.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fenger RV, Gonzalez-Quintela A, Vidal C, Gude F, Husemoen LL, Aadahl M, Berg ND, Linneberg A. Exploring the obesity-asthma link: do all types of adiposity increase the risk of asthma? Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1237–1245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon AE, Pratley RE, Forgione PM, Kaminsky DA, Whittaker-Leclair LA, Griffes LA, Garudathri J, Raymond D, Poynter ME, Bunn JY, Irvin CG. Effects of obesity and bariatric surgery on airway hyperresponsiveness, asthma control, and inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 128(508–515):e1–2.
   Google Scholar
• Shore SA, Johnston RA. Obesity and asthma. Pharmacol Ther 2006; 110:83–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss ST, Shore S. Obesity and asthma: directions for research. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 169:963–968.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santamaria F, Montella S, Greco L, Valerio G, Franzese A, Maniscalco M, Fiorentino G, Peroni D, Pietrobelli A, De Stefano S, Sperli F, Boner AL. Obesity duration is associated to pulmonary function impairment in obese subjects. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2011; 19:1623–1628.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker DJ, Osmond C, Golding J. Height and mortality in the counties of England and Wales. Ann Hum Biol 1990; 17:1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunnell D. Can adult anthropometry be used as a ‘biomarker’ for prenatal and childhood exposures? Int J Epidemiol 2002; 31:390–394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sood A, Qualls C, Li R, Schuyler M, Beckett WS, Smith LJ, Thyagarajan B, Lewis CE, Jacobs DR. Lean mass predicts asthma better than fat mass among females. Eur Respir J 2011; 37:65–71.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sutherland TJ, Goulding A, Grant AM, Cowan JO, Williamson A, Williams SM, Skinner MA, Taylor DR. The effect of adiposity measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry on lung function. Eur Respir J 2008; 32:85–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. Executive summary of The third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001; 285:2486–2497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar