References
- Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global strategy for asthma management and prevention: NHLBI/WHO Workshop Report. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; 2002
- Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. Revised ed. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; 2009
- Rabe KF, Vermeire PA, Soriano JB, Maier WC. Clinical management of asthma in 1999: the Asthma Insights and Reality in Europe (AIRE) study. Eur Respir J 2000;16:802–807
- Cazzoletti L, Marcon A, Janson C, Corsico A, Jarvis D, Pin I, Accordini S, et al. Asthma control in Europe: a real-world evaluation based on an international population-based study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;120:360–367
- Peters SP, Jones CA, Haselkorn T, Mink DR, Valacer DJ, Weiss ST. Real-world Evaluation of Asthma Control and Treatment (REACT): findings from a national Web-based survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;119:1454–1461
- Gaga M, Papageorgiou N, Zervas E, Gioulekas D, Konstantopoulos S. Control of asthma under specialist care: is it achieved? Chest 2005;128:78–84
- Rabe KF, Adachi M, Lai CK, Soriano JB, Vermeire PA, Weiss KB, Weiss ST. Worldwide severity and control of asthma in children and adults: the global Asthma Insights and Reality surveys. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;114:40–47
- Lai CK, De Guia TS, Kim YY, Kuo SH, Mukhopadhyay A, Soriano JB, Trung PL, et al. Asthma control in the Asia-Pacific region: the Asthma Insights and Reality in Asia-Pacific Study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111:263–268
- Neffen H, Fritscher C, Schacht FC, Levy G, Chiarella P, Soriano JB, Mechali D. Asthma control in Latin America: the Asthma Insights and Reality in Latin America (AIRLA) survey. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2005;17:191–197. ID: 15826399
- Blanc FX, Postel-Vinay N, Boucot I, De Blic J, Scheinmann P. The AIRE Study: data analysis of 753 European children with asthma. Rev Mal Respir 2002; 19:585–592. ID: 12473945
- Adachi M, Morikawa A, Ishihara K. Asthma insights & reality in Japan (AIRJ). Arerugi 2002; 51:411–420. ID: 12087759
- Nanshan Z, Kefang L, Rongchang C, Shuqing Z, Jiangtao L, Yuanjue Z, Wenbin X, et al. Can guideline-defined asthma control be achieved? The Gaining Optimal Asthma Control Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;170:836–844
- Chinese Medical Association of respiratory disease branch Asthma Study Group. Bronchial Asthma Guidelines (The plan of definition, diagnosis, treatment, education and management of bronchial asthma). Chin J Tuberc Respir Dis 2003;26:261–267
- Partridge MR, van der Molen T, Myrseth SE, Busse WW. Attitudes and actions of asthma patients on regular maintenance therapy: the INSPIRE study. BMC Pulm Med 2006;13:6–13
- Kroegel C. Global initiative for asthma management and prevention – GINA 2006. Pneumologie 2007;61:295–304
- Luigi A, Giovanni C, Giuseppe G, Ingrassia E, Marsico S, Nocolini G, Terzano C. Real-life prospective study on asthma control in Italy: cross-sectional phase results. Respir Med 2012;106:205–214
- Ställberg B, Lisspers K, Hasselgren M, Janson C, Johansson G, Svärdsudd K. Asthma control in primary care in Sweden a comparison between 2001 and 2005. Prim Care Respir J 2009;18:279–286
- Siroux V, Boudier A, Bousquet J, Bresson JL, Cracowski JL, Ferran J, Gormand F, et al. Phenotypic determinants of uncontrolled asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009;124:681–7.e3. [Epub 2009 Aug 8]
- Klomp H, Lawson JA, Cockcroft DW, Chan BT, Cascagnette P, Gander L, Jorgenson D. Examining asthma quality of care using a population-based approach. Can Med Assoc J 2008;178:1013–1021
- Cazzoletti L, Marcon A, Janson C, Corsico A, Jarvis D, Pin I, Accordini S, et al. Asthma control in Europe a real-world evaluation based on an international population based study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;120:1360–1367
- Zainudin BM, Lai CK, Soriano JB, Jia-Horng W, De Guia TS. Asthma control in adults in Asia-Pacific: Asthma Insights and Reality in Asia-Pacific (AIRIAP) Steering Committee. Respirology 2005;10:579–586
- Boushey HA, Sorkness CA, King TS, Sullivan SD, Fahy JV, Lazarus SC, Chinchilli VM, et al. Daily versus as-needed corticosteroids for mild persistent asthma. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1519–1528
- Tan H, Sarawate C, Singer J, Elward K, Cohen RI, Smart BA, Busk MF, et al. Impact of asthma controller medications on clinical, economic, and patient-reported outcomes. Mayo Clin Proc 2009;84:675–684
- Lai CK, De Guia TS, Kim YY, Kuo SH, Mukhopadhyay A, Soriano JB, Trung PL, et al. Asthma control in the Asia-Pacific region: the Asthma Insights and Reality in Asia-Pacific Study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111:263–268
- Haahtela T, Tuomisto LE, Pietinalho A, Klaukka T, Erhola M, Kaila M, Nieminen MM, et al. A 10 year asthma programme in Finland: major change for the better. Thorax 2006;61:663–670
- Hirst C, Calingaert B, Stanford R, Castellsague J. Use of long-acting β-agonists and inhaled steroids in asthma: meta-analysis of observational studies. J Asthma 2010;47:439–446
- Ernst P, Franssen E, Chan CK, Okell M, O'Byrne P, Bai T. Predictors of a more favourable response to combined therapy with salmeterol and fluticasone as initial maintenance therapy in asthma. Respir Med 2008;102:77–81
- McLeish AC, Zvolensky MJ. Asthma and cigarette smoking: a review of the empirical literature. J Asthma 2010;47:345–361
- Haughney J, Price D, Kaplan A, Chrystyn H, Horne R, May N, Moffat M, et al. Achieving asthma control in practice: understanding the reasons for poor control. Respir Med 2008;102:1681–1693
- Thomson NC, Chaudhuri R. Asthma in smokers: challenges and opportunities. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2009;15:39–45. (Review)
- Tomlinson JE, McMahon AD, Chaudhuri R, Thompson JM, Wood SF, Thomson NC. Efficacy of low and high dose inhaled corticosteroid in smokers versus nonsmokers with mild asthma. Thorax 2005;60:282–287
- Oraka E, King ME, Callahan DB. Prevalence and risk factors among US asthma and serious psychological distress: prevalence and risk factors among US adults, 2001–2007. Chest 2010;137:609–616
- Siroux V, Boudier A, Bousquet J, Bresson JL, Cracowski JL, Ferran J, Gormand F, et al. Phenotypic determinants of uncontrolled asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009;124:681–687
- Gamble J, Stevenson M, McClean E, Heaney LG. The prevalence of nonadherence in difficult asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009;180:817–822
- Nathan RA, Sorkness CA, Kosinski M, Schatz M, Li JT, Marcus P, Murray JJ, Pendergraft TB. Development of the asthma control test: a survey for assessing asthma control. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:59–65
- Wang LY, Zhong Y, Wheeler L. Direct and indirect costs of asthma in school-age children. Prev Chronic Dis 2005;2:1--10. [Epub 2004 Dec 15]
- Stanford R, McLaughlin T, Okamoto LJ. The cost of asthma in the emergency department and hospital. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160:211–215
- Su N, Chi CH, Dong XW, Nong Y, Chen X, Yu HX, Liu GL, Lin JT. Survey of asthma control and perception in asthmatic outpatients of Beijing urban district. Chin Med J 2009;89:529–532