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Original Article

The Upper Esophageal Sphincter Area

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Pages 173-176 | Accepted 20 May 1986, Published online: 07 Jan 2010

References

  • Ekberg O., Nylander G. Cineradiography of the pharyngeal stage of deglutition in 250 patients with dysphagia. Brit. J. Radiol 1982; 55: 258
  • Ellis F. H., Crozier R. E. Cervical esophageal dysphagia. Indications for and results of cricopharyngeal myotomy. Ann. Surg 1981; 194: 279
  • Hellemans J., Vantrappen G. Physiology. Diseases of the esophagus, J. Hellemans, G. Vantrappen. Springer Verlag, Berlin 1974; 40
  • Miller A. J. Deglutition. Phys. Rev 1982; 62: 129
  • Sokol E. M., Heitmann P., Wolf B. S., Cohen B. R. Simultaneous cineradiographic and manometric study of the pharynx, hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. Gastroenterology 1966; 51: 960
  • Zaino C., Jacobsen H. G., Lepow H., Ozturk C. H. The pharyngoesophageal sphincter. Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Springfield, Illinois 1970

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