31
Views
60
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

An Anaesthetic Lidocaine/Prilocaine Cream (Emla) for Epicutaneous Application Tested for Cutting Split Skin Grafts

, &
Pages 201-209 | Received 17 Dec 1984, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • ÅBerg G., Andersson R. Studies on mechanical actions of Mepivacaine (Carbocaine) and its optically active isomers on isolated smooth muscle: Role of Ca++ and cyclic AMP. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 1972; 31: 321
  • ÅBerg G., DhunÉ K.-G. Effects of Mepivacaine (Carbocaine) on femoral blood flow in the dog. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 1972; 31: 267
  • ÅBerg G., WahlströM B. Mechanical and electro-physiological effects of some local anaesthetic agents and their isomers on the rat portal vein. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 1972; 31: 225
  • Adriani G., Dalili H. Penetration of local anesthetics through epithelial barriers. Anesth Analg (Cleve) 1971; 50: 834
  • ÅKerman B. Percutaneous local anaesthesia. Problems—solutions. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand (Suppl) 1978; 70: 90
  • Appiani L., Laveneziana D. Il blocko peridurale con chetocaina (Rec. 7–0518). Anest Rianim 1966; 3: 441
  • ÅStröM A. Influence of some local anesthetics upon the adrenaline contraction of isolated strips of rabbit aorta. Acta Physiol Scand 1964; 60: 30
  • ÅStröM A., Persson N. H. Some pharmacological properties of 0-methyl-α-propylaminopropionani-lide, a new local anaesthetic. Br J Pharmacol 1961; 16: 32
  • Blair M. R. Cardiovascular pharmacology of local anaesthetics. Br J Anaesth 1975; 47: 247
  • Braid D. P., Scott D. B. The systemic absorption of local analgesic drugs. Br J Anaesth 1965; 37: 394
  • Brechner V. L., Cohen D. D., Pretsky I. Dermal anesthesia by the topical application of tetracaine base dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide. Ann NY Acad Sci 1967; 141: 524
  • Brodin A., Nyqvist-Mayer A., Vadsten T., Forslund B., Broberg F. Phase diagram and aqueous solubility of the lidocaine-prilocaine binary system. J Pharm Sci 1984, in press
  • Covino B., Vassallo H. Local anesthetics. Mechanisms of action and clinical use. Grune & Stratton, Inc., New York 1976
  • Dalili H., Adriani G. The efficacy of local anaesthetics in blocking the sensations of itch, burning, and pain in normal and “sunburned” skin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1971; 12: 913
  • Dhunér K.-G., Lewis D. H. Effect of local anaesthetics and vasoconstrictors upon regional blood flow. Acta Anaesth Scand 1966; 23(Suppl)347
  • Hallin R. G. Blocking effects of a topical anaesthetic composition containing ketocaine as cutaneous C receptor responses in alert man. Acta Anaesth Scand 1974; 18: 306
  • Hjelm M., Holmdahl M. H. Biochemical effects of aromatic amines. Acta Anaesth Scand 1965; 2: 99
  • JöRfeldt L., LöFströM B., Pernon B., Wahren J. The effect of mepivacaine and lidocaine on forearm resistance and capacitance vessels in man. Acta Anaesth Scand 1970; 14: 183
  • Kligman A. M. Topical pharmacology and toxicology of dimethyl sulphoxide. J.A.M.A. 1965; 193: 140
  • Mazze R. I., Dunbar R. W. Plasma lidocaine concentration after caudal, lumbar epidural, axillary block and intravenous regional anesthesia. Anesthe-siology 1966; 27: 574
  • Monash S. Topical anaesthesia of the unbroken skin. A.M.A. Arch Dermatol 1957; 76: 752
  • Nishimura N., Morioka T., Sato S., Kuba T. Effects of local anesthetic agents on the peripheral vascular system. Anesth Analg 1965; 44: 135
  • Ohlsén L., Englesson S. New anaesthetic formulation for epicutaneous application tested for cutting split skin grafts. Br J Anaest 1980; 52: 413
  • Pettersson L. O. Perkutan anestesi vid tagning av delhudstransplantat. Läkartidningen 1975; 27: 2822
  • Pettersson L. O. Local percutaneous anaesthesia of intact skin. A clinical and experimental investigation. Akademisk avhandling, Karolinska Medico-Chirurgiska Institutet, Stockholm 1978
  • Piccolo A. Sull'uso in Chirurgia cli un nuovo anes-tetico locale: il Rec 7/0518. Recept Med 1964; 3: 61
  • Pontén B., Ohlsén L. Skin surface application of ketocaine to provide local anaesthesia for cutting split skin grafts. Br J Plast Surg 1977; 30: 251
  • Rubin L. F. Toxicity of dimethyl sulphoxide, alone and in combination. Ann NY Acad Sci 1975; 243: 98
  • Sanders H. D. The vasoconstrictor and vasodilator effects of procaine. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1965; 43: 39
  • Sanders H. D. Procaine-induced contraction in vein and its modification by drugs. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1969; 47: 218
  • Scott D. B., Jobson P. J. R., Braid D. P., ÖRtengren B., Frisch P. Factors affecting plasma levels of lignocaine and prilocaine. Br J Anesth 1972; 44: 1040
  • Senikar I. Ortho-substituted β-phenoxyethylamino derivatives. Arzneim Forsch 1966; 16: 1025
  • Somlyo A. P., Somlyo A. V. Vascular smooth muscle. Pharmacology of normal and hypertensive vessels. Pharmacol Rev 1970; 22: 249

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.