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British Journal of Audiology Volume 15, 1981 - Issue 2
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Original Article

Normal Pure Tone Thresholds for Hearing by Bone Conduction

P. M. Haughton Medical Physics Department, Hull Royal Infirmary (Sutton), Saltshouse Road, Hull, HU8 9HE, North Humberside
&
K. Pardoe School of Management, Faculty of Business, Hull College of Higher Education, Cottingham Road, Hull, North Humberside
Pages 113-121 | Published online: 12 Oct 2009

References

  • American National Standard. An artificial headbone for the calibration of audiometer bone vibrators. 1972, ANS/S3.13
  • Brinkmann K., Richter U. Determination of the normal threshold of hearing by bone conduction. 1980, Personal communication
  • Burns W., Robinson D. W. Hearing and Noise in Industry. HMSO, London 1970; 107
  • Corliss E., Koidan W. Mechanical impedance of the forehead and mastoid. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1955; 27: 1164–1172
  • Dirks D., Lybarger S. F., Olsen W. O., Billings B. L. Bone conduction calibration: current status. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 1979; 29: 143–155
  • Hart C. W., Naunton R. Frontal bone conduction tests in clinical audiometry. Laryngo-scope 1961; 71: 24–29
  • Health and Safety Executive. Discussion Document. Audiometry in Industry. HMSO, London 1978
  • Hinchcliffe R. The threshold of hearing as a function of, age. Acustica 1959; 9: 303–308
  • Hood J. D. The principles and practice of bone conduction audiometry: a review of the present position. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 1957; 50: 689–697
  • International Electrotechnical Commission. An IEC mechanical coupler for the calibration of bone vibrators having a specified contact area and being applied with a specified static force. IEC 1971; 373
  • Jerger J., Jerger S., Mauldin L. Studies in impedance audiometry. I: Normal and sensorineural ears. Archives of Otolaryngology 1972; 96: 513–523
  • Robinson D. W. 1981, Personal communication
  • Sharf B. Foundations of Modern Auditory Theory, J. V. Tobias. Academic Press, New York 1970; Volume I: 162
  • Shipton M. S., John A. J., Robinson D. W. Air-radiated sound from bone vibration transducers and its implications for bone conduction audiometry. British Journal of Audiology 1980; 14: 86–99
  • Weston P. B., Gengel R. W., Hirsh I. Effects of vibrator types and their placement on bone-conduction threshold measurements. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1967; 41: 788–792
  • Whittle L. S. A determination of the normal threshold of hearing by bone conduction. Journal of Sound and Vibration 1965; 2: 227–248
  • Whittle L. S., Robinson D. W. Variations in the mechanical impedance of artificial mastoids and their effect on a reference bone conduction threshold. 1971, NPL Acoustics Report Ac 51

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