References
- Miller D. R., Lamster I. B., Chasens A. I. Role of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte in periodontal health and disease. J. Clin. Periodontal. 1984; 11: 1–15
- Miyasaki K. T. The neutrophil mechanisms of controlling periodontal bacteria. J. Periodontal. 1991; 62: 761–774
- Aust S. D., Morehouse L. A., Thomas C. E. Role of metals in oxygen radical reactions. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 1985; 1: 3–25
- Marton I. J., Balla G., Hegedus C., Redl P., Szilagyi Z., Karmazsin L., Kiss C. The role of reactive oxygen intermediates in the pathogenesis of chronic apical periodontitis. Oral Microbiol. Immunol 1993; 8: 254–257
- Van Dyke T. E., Lester M. A., Shapira L. The role of the host response in periodontal disease progression: Implications for future treatment strategies. J. Periodontal. 1993; 64: 792–806
- Halliwell B. Superoxide-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron salts: It's role in the degradation of hyaluronic acid by a superoxide-generating system. FEBS Letters 1978; 96: 238–242
- Greenwald R. A., Moy W. W. Inhibition of collagen gelation by action of the superoxide radical. Arthritis Rheum. 1979; 22: 251–259
- Greenwald R. A., Moy W. W. Effect of oxygen-derived free radicals on hyaluronic acid. Arthritis Rheum. 1980; 23: 455–463
- Roberts C. R., Roughly P. J., Mort J. S. Degradation of human proteoglycan aggregate induced by hydrogen peroxide. Biochem. J. 1989; 259: 805–811
- Bartold P. M. A biochemical and immunohistochem-ical study of the proteoglycans of alveolar bone. J. Dent. Res. 1990; 69: 7–19
- Waddington R. J., Embery G. Structural characterization of human alveolar bone proteoglycans. Arch. Oral Biol 1991; 36: 859–866
- Rahemtulla F. Proteoglycans of oral tissues. Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. 1992; 3: 135–162
- Yanaglshita M. Functions of proteoglycans in extracellular matrix. Acta Pathologica Japonica. 1993; 43: 283–293
- Embery G., Waddington R. J. Gingival crevicular fluid: biomarkers of periodontal tissue activity. Advances in Dental Research 1994; 8: 329–339
- Fisher L. W., Termine J. D., Young M. F. Deduced protein sequence of bone small proteoglycan I (Biglycan) shows homology with proteoglycan II (Decorin) and several nonconnective tissue proteins in a variety of species. J. Biol. Chem. 1989; 264: 4571–4576
- Greenwald R. A., Moy W. W., Lazarus D. Degradation of cartilage proteoglycans and collagen by superoxide radical. Arthritis Rheum. 1976; 19: 799
- Bates E. J., Harper G. S., Lowther D. A., Preston B. N. Effect of oxygen-derived reactive species on cartilage proteoglycan-hyaluronan aggregates. Biochem. Int. 1984; 8: 629–637
- Chung M. H., Kesner L., Chan P. C. Degradation of articular cartilage by copper and hydrogen peroxide. Agents and Actions 1984; 15: 328–335
- Katrantzis M., Baker M. S., Handley C. J., Lowther D. A. The oxidant hypochlorite (OCl−), a product of the myeloperoxidase system, degrades articular cartilage proteoglycan aggregate. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 1991; 10: 101–109
- Panasyuk A., Frati E., Ribault D., Mitrovic D. Effect of reactive oxygen species on the biosynthesis and structure of newly synthesized proteoglycans. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 1994; 16: 157–167
- Moseley R., Waddington R. J., Evans P., Halliwell B., Embery G. The chemical modification of glycosaminoglycan structure by oxygen derived species, in vitro. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1996; 1244: 245–252
- Bartold P. M., Wiebkin O. W., Thonard J. C. The effect of oxygen-derived free radicals on gingival proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid. J. Periodont. Res. 1984; 19: 390–400
- Farndale R. W., Buttle D. J., Barrett A. J. Improved quantitation and discrimination of sulphated glycosaminoglycans by use of dimethylene blue. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1986; 883: 173–177
- Bitter T., Muir H. A modified uronic acid carbazole reaction. Anal. Biochem. 1962; 4: 330–334
- Bidanset D. J., Guidry C., Rosenberg L. C., Choi H., Timpl R., Hook M. Binding of the proteoglycan decorin to collagen type IV. J. Biol. Chem. 1992; 267: 5250–5256
- Roughley P. J., White R. J., Magny M-C., Liu J., Pearce R. H., Mort J. S. Non-proteoglycans forms of biglycan increase with age in human articular cartilage. Biochem. J. 1993; 295: 421–426
- Waddington R. J., Embery G., Hall R. C. The influence of fluoride on proteoglycan structure using a rat odontoblast in vitro system. Calcif. Tis. Int. 1993; 52: 392–398
- Dean R. T., Roberts C. R., Jessup W. Fragmentation of extracellular and intracellular polypeptides by free radicals. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 1985; 780: 341–350
- Dean R. T., Roberts C. R., Forni L. G. Oxygen-centred free radicals can efficiently degrade the polypeptide of proteoglycans in whole cartilage. Biosci. Rep. 1984; 4: 1017–1026
- Creeth J. M., Cooper B., Donald A. S. R., Clamp J. R. Studies of the limited degradation of mucus glycoproteins—The effect of dilute hydrogen peroxide. Biochem. J. 1983; 211: 323–332
- Cooper B., Creeth J. M., Donald A. S. R. Studies of the limited degradation of mucus glycoproteins—The mechanism of the peroxide reaction. Biochem. J. 1985; 228: 615–626
- Dean R. T., Wolff S. P., McElligott M. A. Histidine and proline are important sites of free radical damage to proteins. Free Rad. Res. Comms. 1989; 7: 97–103
- Venkatasubramanian K., Joseph K. T. Action of singlet oxygen on collagen. Ind. J. Biochem. Biophys. 1977; 14: 217–220
- Wolff S. P., Dean R. T. Fragmentation of proteins by free radicals and it's effect on their susceptibility to enzymic hydrolysis. Biochem. J. 1986; 234: 399–403
- Wolff S. P., Garner A., Dean R. T. Free radicals, lipids and protein degradation. Trends Biochem. Sci. 1986; 11: 27–31
- Embery G., Oliver W. M., Stanbury J. B. The metabolism of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans in inflamed human gingiva. J. Periodont. Res. 1979; 14: 512–519
- Purvis J. A., Embery G., Oliver W. M. Molecular size distribution of proteoglycans in human inflamed gingival tissue. Arch. Oral Biol. 1984; 29: 513–519
- Bartold P. M., Page R. C. The effect of chronic inflammation on gingival connective tissue proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid. J. Oral Pathol 1986; 15: 367–374
- Socransky S. S., Haffajee A. D., Goodson J. M., Lindhe J. New concepts of destructive periodontal disease. J. Clin. Periodontal 1984; 11: 21–32
- Garrett I. R., Boyce B. F., Oreffo R. O. C., Bonewald L., Poser J., Mundy G. R. Oxygen-derived free radicals stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption in rodent bone in vitro and in vivo. J. Clin. Invest. 1990; 85: 632–639