Defective Phagocytosis, Decreased Tumour Necrosis Factor-α Production, and Lymphocyte Hyporesponsiveness Predispose Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus to Infections

References

• Staples P. J., Gerding D. N., Decker J. L., Gordon RS, Jr. Incidence of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1974; 17: 1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginzler E., Diamond H., Kaplan D., Weiner M., Schlesinger M., Seleznick M. Computer analysis of factors influencing frequency of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1979; 21: 37
   Google Scholar
• Benedek T. G., Montgomery M. M. The influence of ACTH and cortisone on the incidence of infection. J Lab Clin Med 1954; 44: 766
   Google Scholar
• Lee P., Urowitz M. B., Bookman A. A. M., Koehler B. E., Smythe H. A., Gordon D. A., Ogryzlo M. A. Systemic lupus erythematosus. A review of 110 cases with reference to nephritis, the nervous system, infections, aseptic and prognosis. Quart J Med 1977; 46: 1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Landry M. Phagocyte function and cell-mediated immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Dermatol 1977; 113: 147
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zurier R. B. Reduction of phagocytosis and lysosomal enzyme release from human leukocytes by serum from patients with systemic lupus erythmatosus. Arthritis Rheum 1976; 19–73
   Google Scholar
• Wenger M., Bole G. G. Nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction by peripheral leukocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Arthritis Rheum 1972; 15: 459, (abstr)
   Google Scholar
• Perez H. D., Lipton M., Goldstein I. M. A specific inhibitor of complement (Cj)-derived chemotactic activity in serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest 1978; 62: 29
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez H. D., Andron R. I., Goldstein I. M. Infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Association with a serum inhibitor of complement-derived chemotactic activity. Arthritis Rheum 1979; 22: 1326
   Google Scholar
• Orozco J. H., Jasin H. E., Ziff M. Defective phagocytosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1970; 13: 342, (abstr.).
   Google Scholar
• Jasin H. E., Orozco H., Ziff M. Serum heat-labil opsonins in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest 1974; 53: 343
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horwitz D. A. Impaired delayed hypersensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1972; 15: 353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hahn B. H., Bagby M. K., Osterland C. K. Abnormalities of delayed hypersensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med 1973; 55: 25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shalaby M. R., Aggarwal B. B., Rainderknecht E., Svedersky L. P., Finkle B. S., Palladino MA, Jr. Activation of human polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by interferon-r and tumor necrosis factor. J Immunol 1985; 135: 2069
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J. M., Bersani L., Mantovani A. Tumor necrosis factor is chemotactic for monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Immunol 1987; 138: 1469
   Google Scholar
• Hirabayashi Y., Taniuchi S., Kobayashi Y. A quantitative assay of oxidative metabolism by neutrophils in whole blood using flow cytometry. J Immunol Meth 1985; 82: 253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishan A. Rapid flow cytofluorometric analysis of mammalian cell cycle by propidium iodide staining. J Cell Biol 1975; 66: 188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinehart J. J., Sagone A. L., Balcerzak P. B., Ackerman G. A., LoBuglio A. F. Effects of corticosteroid therapy on human monocyte function. N Engl J Med 1975; 292: 236
   Google Scholar
• Ignarro L. J. Glucocorticosteroid inhibition of nonphagocytic discharge of lysosomal enzymes from human neutrophils. Arthritis Rheum 1977; 20: 73
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perez H. D., Kinberley R. P., Kaplan H. B., Edelson H., Inman R. D., Goldstein I. M. Effect of high-dose methylprednisolone infusion on polymorphonuclear leukocyte function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1981; 24: 641
   Google Scholar
• Boghossian S. H., Isenberg D. A., Wright G., Snaith M. L., Segal A. W. Effect of high-dose methylprednisolone therapy on phagocyte function in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 1984; 43: 541
   Google Scholar
• MacGregor R. P., Spagnuolo P. J., Lentnek A. L. Inhibition of granulocyte adherence by ethanol, prednisone and aspirin, measured with an assay system. N Engl J Med 1974; 291: 642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark R. A. F., Gallin J. I., Fauci A. S. Effects of in vitro prednisolone on in vitro eosinophil and neutrophil adherence and chemotaxis. Blood 1979; 53: 633
   Google Scholar
• Jones C. J. P., Morris K. J., Jayson M. I. V. Prednisolone inhibits phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes via steroid receptor mediated events. Ann Rheum Dis 1983; 42: 56
   Google Scholar
• Beuther B., Milsark I. W., Cerami A. Passive immunization against cachectin/tumor necrosis factor (TNF) protects mice from the lethal effects of endotoxin. Science (Washington DC) 1985; 229: 869
   Google Scholar
• Tracey K. J., Fong Y., Hesse D. G., Manogue K. R., Lee A. T., Kuo G. C., Lowry S. F., Cerami A. Anti-cachectin/TNF monoclonal antibodies prevent septic shock during lethal bacteremia. Nature (Lond) 1987; 330: 662
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delbarre F., Pompidou A., Kahan A. Study of blood lymphocytes during systemic lupus erythematosus. Pathol Biol 1971; 19: 379
   Google Scholar
• Paty JG, Jr, Sienknecht C. W., Townes A. S., Hanissian A. S., Miller J. B., Masi A. T. Impaired cell-mediated immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Am J Med 1975; 59: 769
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Linker-Israeli M., Bakke A. C., Kitridou, Gendeler R. C., Gillis S., Horwitz D. A. Defective production of interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Immunol 1983; 130: 2651
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheurich P., Thoma B., Ucer U. Pfizenmaier Immunoregulatory activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a: Induction of TNF receptors on human T cells and TNF-a-mediated enhancement of T cell response. J Immunol 1987; 138: 1786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar