References
- Mikkelsen W M, Duff IF. Age-specific prevalence of ra-diographic abnormalities of the joints of the hands, wrists and cervical spine of adult residents of the Tecumseh, Michigan, Community Health Study area, 1962–1965. J Chronic Dis 1970; 23: 151–9
- Roberts J, Burch TA. Osteoarthritis in adults. By age, sex, race and geographic area: United States 1960–1962. Vital and health statistics. U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. 1966; 11: 15
- Wood P HN. Age and the rheumatic diseases. Population studies of the rheumatic diseases, P H Bennett, P HN Wood. Excerpta Medica Foundation, Amsterdam 1968; 26–38
- Cecil R L, Archer BH. Arthritis of the menopause. JAMA 1925; 84: 75–9
- Stecher R M, Beard E E, Hersh AH. Heberden's nodes: the relationship of the menopause to degenerative joint disease of the fingers. J Lab Clin Med 1949; 2: 34, 1193–202
- Kellgren J H, Moore R. Generalized osteoarthritis and Heberden's nodes. Br Med J 1952; i: 181–7
- Ehrlich GE. Inflammatory osteoarthritis-1. The clinical syndrome. J Chronic Dis 1972; 25: 317–28
- Rosner I A, Goldberg V M, Getzy L, Moskowitz RW. Effects of estrogen on cartilage and experimentally induced osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1979; 22: 52–8
- Priest R E, Koplitz M, Benditt EP. Estradiol reduces incorporation of radioactive sulfate into cartilage and aortas of rats. J Exp Med 1960; 112: 225–36
- Young P CM, Stack MT. Estrogen and glucocorticoid receptors in adult canine articular cartilage. Arthritis Rheum 1982; 25: 568–73
- Rosner I A, Manni A, Malemud C J, Boja B, Moskowitz RW. Estradiol receptors in articular chondrocytes. Bio-chem Biophys Res Commun 1982; 106: 1378–82
- Rosner I A, Malemud C J, Goldberg V M, Sapay R S, Getzy L, Moskowitz RW. Pathologic and metabolic responses of experimental osteoarthritis to estradiol and an estradiol antagonist. Clin Orthop 1982; 171: 280–6
- Spector T D, Brown G C, Silman AJ. Increased rates of previous hysterectomy and gynaecological operations in women with osteoarthritis. Br Med J 1988; 297: 899–900
- Spector T D, Carnpion GD. Generalised osteoarthritis: a hormonally mediated disease. Ann Rheum Dis 1989; 48: 523–7
- The epidemiology of chronic rheumatism. Volume II: Atlas of standard radiographs of arthritis, J H Kellgren, M R Jeffrey, J Ball. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford 1963
- Rothman KJ. Modern epidemiology. Little, Brown and Company, Boston/Toronto 1986
- Colditz G A, Stamper M J, Willett W C, et al. Reproduc-ibility and validity of selfreported menopausal status in a prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 1987; 126: 319–25
- Bean J A, Leeper J D, Wallace R B, Sherman B M, Jagger H. Variation in the reporting of menstrual histories. Am J Epidemiol 1979; 109: 181–5
- Acheson R Y, Collart AB. New Haven study of joint diseases, XVII: Relationship between some systemic characteristics and osteoarthrosis in a general population. Ann Rheum Dis 1975; 34: 379–87
- Saase v JCLM, Vandenbroucke J P, Romunde v LKJ, Val-Kenburg HA. Osteoarthritis and obesity in the general population. A relationship calling for an explanation. J Rheumatol 1988; 15: 1152–8
- Kellgren J H, Lawrence JS. Osteo-arthrosis and disk degeneration in an urban population. Ann Rheum Dis 1958; 17: 388–97
- Engel A. Osteoarthritis and body measurements. National Center for Health Statistics. U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. 1968, Vital and health statistics; series 11; no 29