960
Views
38
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Role of cytochrome P450–mediated arachidonic acid metabolites in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy

, , &
Pages 173-195 | Received 07 Sep 2012, Accepted 27 Nov 2012, Published online: 22 Apr 2013

References

  • Aarønaes M, Atar D, Bonarjee V, et al. (2007). [Congestive heart failure–etiology and diagnostic procedures]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 127:171–173
  • Aboutabl ME, Zordoky BN, El-Kadi AO. (2009). 3-methylcholanthrene and benzo(a)pyrene modulate cardiac cytochrome P450 gene expression and arachidonic acid metabolism in male Sprague Dawley rats. Br J Pharmacol 158:1808–1819
  • Aboutabl ME, Zordoky BN, Hammock BD, El-Kadi AO. (2011). Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase confers cardioprotection and prevents cardiac cytochrome P450 induction by benzo(a) pyrene. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 57:273–281
  • Ai D, Fu Y, Guo D, et al. (2007). Angiotensin II up-regulates soluble epoxide hydrolase in vascular endothelium in vitro and in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9018–9023
  • Ai D, Pang W, Li N, et al. (2009). Soluble epoxide hydrolase plays an essential role in angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:564–569
  • Akbulut T, Regner KR, Roman RJ, et al. (2009). 20-HETE activates the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in renal epithelial cells through an EGFR- and c-Src-dependent mechanism. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 297:F662–F670
  • Akki A, Zhang M, Murdoch C, et al. (2009). NADPH oxidase signaling and cardiac myocyte function. J Mol Cell Cardiol 47:15–22
  • Alonso-Galicia M, Maier KG, Greene AS, et al. (2002). Role of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in the renal and vasoconstrictor actions of angiotensin II. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 283:R60–R68
  • Alsaad AM, Zordoky BN, El-Sherbeni AA, El-Kadi AO. (2012). Chronic doxorubicin cardiotoxicity modulates cardiac cytochrome P450-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism in rats. Drug Metab Dispos 40:2126–2135
  • Andò S, Panno ML, Ciarcia G, et al. (1990). Plasma sex hormone concentrations during the reproductive cycle in the male lizard, Podarcis s. sicula. J Reprod Fertil 90:353–360
  • Anker SD, Chua TP, Ponikowski P, et al. (1997). Hormonal changes and catabolic/anabolic imbalance in chronic heart failure and their importance for cardiac cachexia. Circulation 96:526–534
  • Anrather J, Racchumi G, Iadecola C. (2006). NF-kappaB regulates phagocytic NADPH oxidase by inducing the expression of gp91phox. J Biol Chem 281:5657–5667
  • Aoyagi T, Matsui T. (2011). Phosphoinositide-3 kinase signaling in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Curr Pharm Des 17:1818–1824
  • Archer SL, Gragasin FS, Wu X, et al. (2003). Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in human internal mammary artery is 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid and causes relaxation by activating smooth muscle BK(Ca) channels. Circulation 107:769–776
  • Baldwin AS Jr. (1996). The NF-kappa B and I kappa B proteins: New discoveries and insights. Annu Rev Immunol 14:649–683
  • Bao Y, Wang X, Li W, et al. (2011). 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid induces apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes through mitochondrial-dependent pathways. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 57:294–301
  • Barbosa-Sicard E, Markovic M, Honeck H, et al. (2005). Eicosapentaenoic acid metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes of the CYP2C subfamily. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 329:1275–1281
  • Batchu SN, Chaudhary KR, El-Sikhry H, et al. (2012). Role of PI3Ka and sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive potassium channels in epoxyeicosatrienoic acid mediated cardioprotection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 53:43–52
  • Batchu SN, Lee SB, Qadhi RS, et al. (2011). Cardioprotective effect of a dual acting epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analogue towards ischaemia reperfusion injury. Br J Pharmacol 162:897–907
  • Bernardo BC, Weeks KL, Pretorius L, McMullen JR. (2010). Molecular distinction between physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy: Experimental findings and therapeutic strategies. Pharmacol Ther 128:191–227
  • Bertrand-Thiebault C, Ferrari L, Boutherin-Falson O, et al. (2004). Cytochromes P450 are differently expressed in normal and varicose human saphenous veins: Linkage with varicosis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 31:295–301
  • Bhatnagar A. (2004). Beating ischemia: A new feat of EETs? Circ Res 95:443–445
  • Bièche I, Narjoz C, Asselah T, et al. (2007). Reverse transcriptase-PCR quantification of mRNA levels from cytochrome (CYP)1, CYP2 and CYP3 families in 22 different human tissues. Pharmacogenet Genomics 17:731–742
  • Bodiga S, Gruenloh SK, Gao Y, et al. (2010). 20-HETE-induced nitric oxide production in pulmonary artery endothelial cells is mediated by NADPH oxidase, H2O2, and PI3-kinase/Akt. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 298:L564–L574
  • Bodiga S, Zhang R, Jacobs DE, et al. (2009). Protective actions of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid: Dual targeting of cardiovascular PI3K and KATP channels. J Mol Cell Cardiol 46:978–988
  • Bolz SS, Fisslthaler B, Pieperhoff S, et al. (2000). Antisense oligonucleotides against cytochrome P450 2C8 attenuate EDHF-mediated Ca(2+) changes and dilation in isolated resistance arteries. FASEB J 14:255–260
  • Braunwald E, Bristow MR. (2000). Congestive heart failure: Fifty years of progress. Circulation 102:IV14–IV23
  • Brauze D, Widerak M, Cwykiel J, et al. (2006). The effect of aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands on the expression of AhR, AhRR, ARNT, Hif1alpha, CYP1A1 and NQO1 genes in rat liver. Toxicol Lett 167:212–220
  • Bylund J, Bylund M, Oliw EH. (2001). cDna cloning and expression of CYP4F12, a novel human cytochrome P450. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 280:892–897
  • Cambj-Sapunar L, Yu M, Harder DR, Roman RJ. (2003). Contribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine1B receptors and 20-hydroxyeiscosatetraenoic acid to fall in cerebral blood flow after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 34:1269–1275
  • Carreño JE, Apablaza F, Ocaranza MP, Jalil JE. (2006). [Cardiac hypertrophy: Molecular and cellular events]. Rev Esp Cardiol 59:473–486
  • Carroll MA, Balazy M, Margiotta P, et al. (1993). Renal vasodilator activity of 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid depends upon conversion by cyclooxygenase and release of prostaglandins. J Biol Chem 268:12260–12266
  • Carroll MA, Balazy M, Margiotta P, et al. (1996). Cytochrome P-450-dependent HETEs: Profile of biological activity and stimulation by vasoactive peptides. Am J Physiol 271:R863–R869
  • Certíková Chábová V, Walkowska A, Kompanowska-Jezierska E, et al. (2010). Combined inhibition of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid formation and of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids degradation attenuates hypertension and hypertension-induced end-organ damage in Ren-2 transgenic rats. Clin Sci 118:617–632
  • Chábová VC, Kramer HJ, Vanecková I, et al. (2007). Effects of chronic cytochrome P-450 inhibition on the course of hypertension and end-organ damage in Ren-2 transgenic rats. Vascul Pharmacol 47:145–159
  • Chen D, Whitcomb R, MacIntyre E, et al. (2012). Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of AR9281, an inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase, in single- and multiple-dose studies in healthy human subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 52:319–328
  • Chen F, Castranova V, Shi X, Demers LM. (1999). New insights into the role of nuclear factor-kappaB, a ubiquitous transcription factor in the initiation of diseases. Clin Chem 45:7–17
  • Chen Y, Medhora M, Falck JR, et al. (2006). Mechanisms of activation of eNOS by 20-HETE and VEGF in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 291:L378–L385
  • Cheng J, Wu CC, Gotlinger KH, et al. (2010). 20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid mediates endothelial dysfunction via IkappaB kinase-dependent endothelial nitric-oxide synthase uncoupling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 332:57–65
  • Cheranov SY, Karpurapu M, Wang D, et al. (2008). An essential role for SRC-activated STAT-3 in 14,15-EET-induced VEGF expression and angiogenesis. Blood 111:5581–5591
  • Chiamvimonvat N, Ho CM, Tsai HJ, Hammock BD. (2007). The soluble epoxide hydrolase as a pharmaceutical target for hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 50:225–237
  • Choudhary D, Jansson I, Schenkman JB, et al. (2003). Comparative expression profiling of 40 mouse cytochrome P450 genes in embryonic and adult tissues. Arch Biochem Biophys 414:91–100
  • Choudhary D, Jansson I, Stoilov I, et al. (2004). Metabolism of retinoids and arachidonic acid by human and mouse cytochrome P450 1b1. Drug Metab Dispos 32:840–847
  • Choudhary D, Jansson I, Stoilov I, et al. (2005). Expression patterns of mouse and human CYP orthologs (families 1–4) during development and in different adult tissues. Arch Biochem Biophys 436:50–61
  • Christmas P, Jones JP, Patten CJ, et al. (2001). Alternative splicing determines the function of CYP4F3 by switching substrate specificity. J Biol Chem 276:38166–38172
  • Cowie MR, Wood DA, Coats AJ, et al. (1999). Incidence and aetiology of heart failure; a population-based study. Eur Heart J 20:421–428
  • Crabtree GR Olson EN. (2002). NFAT signaling: Choreographing the social lives of cells. Cell 109:S67–S79
  • Crackower MA, Oudit GY, Kozieradzki I, et al. (2002). Regulation of myocardial contractility and cell size by distinct PI3K-PTEN signaling pathways. Cell 110:737–749
  • Croft KD, McGiff JC, Sanchez-Mendoza A, Carroll MA. (2000). Angiotensin II releases 20-HETE from rat renal microvessels. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 279:F544–F551
  • Cuez T, Korkmaz B, Buharalioglu CK, et al. (2010). A synthetic analogue of 20-HETE, 5,14-HEDGE, reverses endotoxin-induced hypotension via increased 20-HETE levels associated with decreased iNOS protein expression and vasodilator prostanoid production in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 106:378–388
  • Cui X, Nelson DR, Strobel HW. (2000). A novel human cytochrome P450 4F isoform (CYP4F11): cDNA cloning, expression, and genomic structural characterization. Genomics 68:161–166
  • Czekaj P, Wiaderkiewicz A, Florek E, Wiaderkiewicz R. (2000). Expression of cytochrome CYP2B1/2 in nonpregnant, pregnant and fetal rats exposed to tobacco smoke. Acta Biochimica Polonica 7:1115–1127
  • Damås JK, Gullestad L, Aass H, et al. (2001). Enhanced gene expression of chemokines and their corresponding receptors in mononuclear blood cells in chronic heart failure–modulatory effect of intravenous immunoglobulin. J Am Coll Cardiol 38:187–193
  • Davis BB, Morisseau C, Newman JW, et al. (2006). Attenuation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by 1-cyclohexyl-3-dodecyl urea is independent of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 316:815–821
  • Davis BB, Thompson DA, Howard LL, et al. (2002). Inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase attenuate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:2222–2227
  • Delozier TC, Kissling GE, Coulter SJ, et al. (2007). Detection of human CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2J2 in cardiovascular tissues. Drug Metab Dispos 35:682–688
  • Deng Y, Edin ML, Theken KN, et al. (2011). Endothelial CYP epoxygenase overexpression and soluble epoxide hydrolase disruption attenuate acute vascular inflammatory responses in mice. FASEB J 25:703–713
  • Dhanasekaran A, Gruenloh SK, Buonaccorsi JN, et al. (2008). Multiple antiapoptotic targets of the PI3K/Akt survival pathway are activated by epoxyeicosatrienoic acids to protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/anoxia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 294:H724–H735
  • Dollery CM, McEwan JR, Henney AM. (1995). Matrix metalloproteinases and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res 77:863–868
  • Dorn GW 2nd. (2009). Apoptotic and non-apoptotic programmed cardiomyocyte death in ventricular remodelling. Cardiovasc Res 81:465–473
  • Dorrance AM, Rupp N, Pollock DM, et al. (2005). An epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)dodecanoic acid (AUDA), reduces ischemic cerebral infarct size in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 46:842–848
  • Dos Santos EA, Dahly-Vernon AJ, Hoagland KM, Roman RJ. (2004). Inhibition of the formation of EETs and 20-HETE with 1-aminobenzotriazole attenuates pressure natriuresis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 287:R58–R68
  • Du G, Lv J, He L, Ma Y. (2011). Influence of silencing soluble epoxide hydrolase with RNA interference on cardiomyocytes apoptosis induced by doxorubicin. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 31:324–328
  • Dube P, Weber KT. (2011). Congestive heart failure: Pathophysiologic consequences of neurohormonal activation and the potential for recovery: Part I. Am J Med Sci 342:348–351
  • Dubey RK, Jackson EK, Gillespie DG, et al. (2005). Cytochromes 1A1/1B1- and catechol-O-methyltransferase-derived metabolites mediate estradiol-induced antimitogenesis in human cardiac fibroblast. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:247–255
  • Dubey RK, Jackson EK, Gillespie DG, et al. (2004). Catecholamines block the antimitogenic effect of estradiol on human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:3922–3931
  • Dyck JR, Lopaschuk GD. (2006). AMPK alterations in cardiac physiology and pathology: Enemy or ally? J Physiol 574:95–112
  • Eiken HG, Øie E, Damås JK, et al. (2001). Myocardial gene expression of leukaemia inhibitory factor, interleukin-6 and glycoprotein 130 in end-stage human heart failure. European J Clin Invest 31:389–397
  • Enayetallah AE, French RA, Thibodeau MS, Grant DF. (2004). Distribution of soluble epoxide hydrolase and of cytochrome P450 2C8, 2C9, and 2J2 in human tissues. J Histochem Cytochem 52:447–454
  • Engels W, van Bilsen M, Wolffenbuttel BH, et al. (1999). Cytochrome P450, peroxisome proliferation, and cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein content in liver, heart and kidney of the diabetic rat. Mol Cell Biochem 192:53–61
  • Escalante B, Falck JR, Yadagiri P, et al. (1988). 19(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is a potent stimulator of renal Na+-K+-ATPase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 152:1269–1274
  • Etienne-Manneville S, Hall A. (2002). Rho GTPases in cell biology. Nature 420:629-635
  • Fagard RH. (1997). Impact of different sports and training on cardiac structure and function. Cardiol Clin 15:397–412
  • Fang X, Kaduce TL, Weintraub NL, et al. (2001). Pathways of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid metabolism in endothelial cells. Implications for the vascular effects of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition. J Biol Chem 276:14867–14874
  • Fang X, Kaduce TL, Weintraub NL, Spector AA. (1997). Cytochrome P450 metabolites of arachidonic acid: Rapid incorporation and hydration of 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid in arterial smooth muscle cells. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 57:367–371
  • Fang X, Moore SA, Stoll LL, et al. (1998). 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid inhibits prostaglandin E2 production in vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol 275:H2113–H2121
  • Fang X, Weintraub NL, Oltman CL, et al. (2002). Human coronary endothelial cells convert 14,15-EET to a biologically active chain-shortened epoxide. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 283:H2306–H2314
  • Fer M, Dréano Y, Lucas D, et al. (2008). Metabolism of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids by recombinant human cytochromes P450. Arch Biochem Biophys 471:116–125
  • Filbrandt CR, Wu Z, Zlokovic B, et al. (2004). Presence and functional activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in isolated murine cerebral vascular endothelial cells and astrocytes. Neurotoxicology 25:605–616
  • Fingar DC, Salama S, Tsou C, et al. (2002). Mammalian cell size is controlled by mTOR and its downstream targets S6K1 and 4EBP1/eIF4E. Genes Dev 16:1472–1487
  • Fisslthaler B, Popp R, Kiss L, et al. (1999). Cytochrome P450 2C is an EDHF synthase in coronary arteries. Nature 401:493–497
  • Fleming I. (2007). DiscrEET regulators of homeostasis: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, cytochrome P450 epoxygenases and vascular inflammation. Trends Pharmacol Sci 28:448–452
  • Flesch M, Höper A, Dell’Italia L, et al. (2003). Activation and functional significance of the renin-angiotensin system in mice with cardiac restricted overexpression of tumor necrosis factor. Circulation 108:598–604
  • Fox KF, Cowie MR, Wood DA, et al. (2001). Coronary artery disease as the cause of incident heart failure in the population. Eur Heart J 22:228–236
  • Frenoux JM, Prost ED, Belleville JL, Prost JL. (2001). A polyunsaturated fatty acid diet lowers blood pressure and improves antioxidant status in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Nutr 131:39–45
  • Frey N, Olson EN. (2003). Cardiac hypertrophy: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Annu Rev Physiol 65:45–79
  • Fulton D, Mahboubi K, McGiff JC, Quilley J. (1995). Cytochrome P450-dependent effects of bradykinin in the rat heart. Br J Pharmacol 114:99–102
  • Galis ZS, Muszynski M, Sukhova GK, et al. (1994). Cytokine-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells synthesize a complement of enzymes required for extracellular matrix digestion. Circ Res 75:181–189
  • García-Hoz C, Sánchez-Fernández G, García-Escudero R, et al. (2012). Protein kinase C (PKC)?-mediated Gaq stimulation of ERK5 protein pathway in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 287:7792–7802
  • Gebremedhin D, Harder DR, Pratt PF, Campbell WB. (1998). Bioassay of an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor from bovine coronary arteries: Role of a cytochrome P450 metabolite. J Vasc Res 35:274–284
  • Gebremedhin D, Lange AR, Lowry TF, et al. (2000). Production of 20-HETE and its role in autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. Circ Res 87:60–65
  • Gebremedhin D, Ma YH, Falck JR, et al. (1992). Mechanism of action of cerebral epoxyeicosatrienoic acids on cerebral arterial smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 263:H519–H525
  • Geetha A, Marar T, Devi CS. (1991). Effect of alpha-tocopherol on doxorubicin-induced changes in rat liver and heart microsomes. Indian J Exp Biol 29:782–785
  • Geng J, Zhao Z, Kang W, et al. (2009). Hypertrophic response to angiotensin II is mediated by protein kinase D-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 pathway in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 388:517–522
  • Gerdes AM. (2002). Cardiac myocyte remodeling in hypertrophy and progression to failure. J Card Fail 8:S264–S268
  • Ghosh S, May MJ, Kopp EB. (1998). NF-kappa B and Rel proteins: Evolutionarily conserved mediators of immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol 16:225–260
  • Glennon PE, Sugden PH, Poole-Wilson PA. (1995). Cellular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy. Br Heart J 73:496–499
  • Gradman AH, Alfayoumi F. (2006). From left ventricular hypertrophy to congestive heart failure: Management of hypertensive heart disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 48:326–341
  • Granberg AL, Brunström B, Brandt I. (2000). Cytochrome P450-dependent binding of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in murine heart, lung, and liver endothelial cells. Arch Toxicol 74:593–601
  • Guo AM, Janic B, Sheng J, et al. (2011). The cytochrome P450 4A/F-20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid system: A regulator of endothelial precursor cells derived from human umbilical cord blood. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 338:421–429
  • Gutiérrez SH, Kuri MR, del Castillo ER. (2008). Cardiac role of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 8:153–160
  • Harder DR, Gebremedhin D, Narayanan J, et al. (1994). Formation and action of a P-450 4A metabolite of arachidonic acid in cat cerebral microvessels. Am J Physiol 266:H2098–H2107
  • Hardwick JP, Song BJ, Huberman E, Gonzalez FJ. (1987). Isolation, complementary DNA sequence, and regulation of rat hepatic lauric acid omega-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450LA omega). Identification of a new cytochrome P-450 gene family. J Biol Chem 262:801–810
  • Harmon SD, Fang X, Kaduce TL, et al. (2006). Oxygenation of omega-3 fatty acids by human cytochrome P450 4F3B: Effect on 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid production. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 75:169–177
  • Harris TR, Li N, Chiamvimonvat N, Hammock BD. (2008). The potential of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition in the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy. Congest Heart Fail 14:219–224
  • Hecker M, Bara AT, Bauersachs J, Busse R. (1994). Characterization of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor as a cytochrome P450-derived arachidonic acid metabolite in mammals. J Physiol 481:407–414
  • Heidenreich PA, Trogdon JG, Khavjou OA, et al; American Heart Association Advocacy Coordinating Committee; Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Arteriosclerosis; Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; Council on Cardiopulmonary; Critical Care; Perioperative and Resuscitation; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; Council on the Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. (2011). Forecasting the future of cardiovascular disease in the United States: A policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 123:933–944
  • Heineke J, Molkentin JD. (2006). Regulation of cardiac hypertrophy by intracellular signalling pathways. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:589–600
  • Helvig C, Dishman E, Capdevila JH. (1998). Molecular, enzymatic, and regulatory characterization of rat kidney cytochromes P450 4A2 and 4A3. Biochemistry 37:12546–12558
  • Hercule HC Oyekan AO. (2000). Role of NO and cytochrome P-450-derived eicosanoids in ET-1-induced changes in intrarenal hemodynamics in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 279:R2132–R2141
  • Hill-Eubanks DC, Gomez MF, Stevenson AS, Nelson MT. (2003). NFAT regulation in smooth muscle. Trends Cardiovasc Med 13:56–62
  • Hiroi T, Imaoka S, Chow T, Funae Y. (1998). Tissue distributions of CYP2D1, 2D2, 2D3 and 2D4 mRNA in rats detected by RT-PCR. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta 1380:305–312
  • Hirota H, Chen J, Betz UA, et al. (1999). Loss of a gp130 cardiac muscle cell survival pathway is a critical event in the onset of heart failure during biomechanical stress. Cell 97:189–198
  • Ho TJ, Huang CC, Huang CY, Lin WT. (2012). Fasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, protects against excessive endurance exercise training-induced cardiac hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis in rats. Eur J Appl Physiol 112:2943–2955
  • Ho YL, Wu CC, Lin LC, et al. (1998). Assessment of the coronary artery disease and systolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients with the dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography: Effect of the left ventricular hypertrophy. Cardiology 89:52–58
  • Hoebel BG, Steyrer E, Graier WF. (1998). Origin and function of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in vascular endothelial cells: More than just endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor? Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 25:826–830
  • Huang H, Morisseau C, Wang J, et al. (2007). Increasing or stabilizing renal epoxyeicosatrienoic acid production attenuates abnormal renal function and hypertension in obese rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293:F342–F349
  • Hutchens MP, Nakano T, Dunlap J, et al. (2008). Soluble epoxide hydrolase gene deletion reduces survival after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation 76:89–94
  • Ikeda Y, Aihara K, Sato T, et al. (2005). Androgen receptor gene knockout male mice exhibit impaired cardiac growth and exacerbation of angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis. J Biol Chem 280:29661–29666
  • Imaoka S, Hashizume T, Funae Y. (2005). Localization of rat cytochrome P450 in various tissues and comparison of arachidonic acid metabolism by rat P450 with that by human P450 orthologs. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 20:478–484
  • Imig JD. (2005). Epoxide hydrolase and epoxygenase metabolites as therapeutic targets for renal diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 289:F496–F503
  • Imig JD. (2012). Epoxides and soluble epoxide hydrolase in cardiovascular physiology. Physiol Rev 92:101–130
  • Imig JD, Navar LG, Roman RJ, et al. (1996a). Actions of epoxygenase metabolites on the preglomerular vasculature. J Am Soc Nephrol 7:2364–2370
  • Imig JD, Pham BT, LeBlanc EA, et al. (2000). Cytochrome P450 and cyclooxygenase metabolites contribute to the endothelin-1 afferent arteriolar vasoconstrictor and calcium responses. Hypertension 35:307–312
  • Imig JD, Zhao X, Capdevila JH, et al. (2002). Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition lowers arterial blood pressure in angiotensin II hypertension. Hypertension 39:690–694
  • Imig JD, Zhao X, Zaharis CZ, et al. (2005). An orally active epoxide hydrolase inhibitor lowers blood pressure and provides renal protection in salt-sensitive hypertension. Hypertension 46:975–981
  • Imig JD, Zou AP, Stec DE, et al. (1996b). Formation and actions of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in rat renal arterioles. Am J Physiol 270:R217–R227
  • Inoue K, Sodhi K, Puri N, et al. (2009). Endothelial-specific CYP4A2 overexpression leads to renal injury and hypertension via increased production of 20-HETE. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 297:F875–F884
  • Ishizuka T, Cheng J, Singh H, et al. (2008). 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid stimulates nuclear factor-kappaB activation and the production of inflammatory cytokines in human endothelial cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 324:103–110
  • Ito T, Suzuki T, Tamura K, et al. (2008). Examination of mRNA expression in rat hearts and lungs for analysis of effects of exposure to concentrated ambient particles on cardiovascular function. Toxicology 243:271–283
  • Jennings BL, Sahan-Firat S, Estes AM, et al. (2010). Cytochrome P450 1B1 contributes to angiotensin II-induced hypertension and associated pathophysiology. Hypertension 56:667–674
  • Jiang JG, Chen CL, Card JW, et al. (2005). Cytochrome P450 2J2 promotes the neoplastic phenotype of carcinoma cells and is up-regulated in human tumors. Cancer Res 65:4707–4715
  • Johansson C, Stark A, Sandberg M, et al. (1995). Tissue specific basal expression of soluble murine epoxide hydrolase and effects of clofibrate on the mRNA levels in extrahepatic tissues and liver. Arch Toxicol 70:61–63
  • Kabe Y, Ando K, Hirao S, et al. (2005). Redox regulation of NF-kappaB activation: Distinct redox regulation between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Antioxid Redox Signal 7:395–403
  • Kacimi R, Gerdes AM. (2003). Alterations in G protein and MAP kinase signaling pathways during cardiac remodeling in hypertension and heart failure. Hypertension 41:968–977
  • Kaduce TL, Fang X, Harmon SD, et al. (2004). 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) metabolism in coronary endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 279:2648–2656
  • Karlgren M, Backlund M, Johansson I, et al. (2004). Characterization and tissue distribution of a novel human cytochrome P450-CYP2U1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 315:679–685
  • Kaur S, Gill SS. (1985). Age-related changes in the activities of epoxide hydrolases in different tissues of mice. Drug Metab Dispos 13:711–715
  • Kauser K, Clark JE, Masters BS, et al. (1991). Inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 attenuate the myogenic response of dog renal arcuate arteries. Circ Res 68:1154–1163
  • Kerzee JK, Ramos KS. (2001). Constitutive and inducible expression of Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 in vascular smooth muscle cells: Role of the Ahr bHLH/PAS transcription factor. Circ Res 89:573–582
  • Keserü B, Barbosa-Sicard E, Popp R, et al. (2008). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and the soluble epoxide hydrolase are determinants of pulmonary artery pressure and the acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictor response. FASEB J 22:4306–4315
  • Khairallah RJ, O’Shea KM, Brown BH, et al. (2010). Treatment with docosahexaenoic acid, but not eicosapentaenoic acid, delays Ca2+-induced mitochondria permeability transition in normal and hypertrophied myocardium. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 335:155–162
  • Kikuta Y, Kusunose E, Endo K, et al. (1993). A novel form of cytochrome P-450 family 4 in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. cDNA cloning and expression of leukotriene B4 omega-hydroxylase. J Biol Chem 268:9376–9380
  • Kimura S, Hanioka N, Matsunaga E, Gonzalez FJ. (1989). The rat clofibrate-inducible CYP4A gene subfamily. I. Complete intron and exon sequence of the CYP4A1 and CYP4A2 genes, unique exon organization, and identification of a conserved 19-bp upstream element. DNA 8:503–516
  • Kompa, AR, Wang, BH, Xu, G, et al. (2012). Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition exerts beneficial anti-remodeling actions post-myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol (Epub ahead of print)
  • Konstantinidis K, Whelan RS, Kitsis RN. (2012). Mechanisms of cell death in heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32:1552–1562
  • Kroetz DL, Xu F. (2005). Regulation and inhibition of arachidonic acid omega-hydroxylases and 20-HETE formation. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 45:413–438
  • Kroetz DL, Zeldin DC. (2002). Cytochrome P450 pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism. Curr Opin Lipidol 13:273–283
  • Kunert MP, Roman RJ, Alonso-Galicia M, et al. (2001). Cytochrome P-450 omega-hydroxylase: A potential O(2) sensor in rat arterioles and skeletal muscle cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280:H1840–H1845
  • Kunisada K, Negoro S, Tone E, et al. (2000). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in the heart transduces not only a hypertrophic signal but a protective signal against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:315–319
  • Kunisada K, Tone E, Fujio Y, et al. (1998). Activation of gp130 transduces hypertrophic signals via STAT3 in cardiac myocytes. Circulation 98:346–352
  • Kuwahara K, Saito Y, Nakagawa O, et al. (1999). The effects of the selective ROCK inhibitor, Y27632, on ET-1-induced hypertrophic response in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes-possible involvement of Rho/ROCK pathway in cardiac muscle cell hypertrophy. FEBS Lett 452:314–318
  • Laethem RM, Balazy M, Falck JR, et al. (1993). Formation of 19(S)-, 19®, and 18®-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids by alcohol-inducible cytochrome P450 2E1. J Biol Chem 268:12912–12918
  • Laethem RM, Halpert JR, Koop DR. (1994). Epoxidation of arachidonic acid as an active-site probe of cytochrome P-450 2B isoforms. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta 1206:42–48
  • Larsen BT, Miura H, Hatoum OA, et al. (2006). Epoxyeicosatrienoic and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids dilate human coronary arterioles via BK(Ca) channels: Implications for soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290:H491–H499
  • Lasker JM, Chen WB, Wolf I, et al. (2000). Formation of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, a vasoactive and natriuretic eicosanoid, in human kidney. Role of Cyp4F2 and Cyp4A11. J Biol Chem 275:4118–4126
  • Lauterbach B, Barbosa-Sicard E, Wang MH, et al. (2002). Cytochrome P450-dependent eicosapentaenoic acid metabolites are novel BK channel activators. Hypertension 39:609–613
  • Lee HC, Lu T, Weintraub NL, et al. (1999). Effects of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids on the cardiac sodium channels in isolated rat ventricular myocytes. J Physiol 519:153–168
  • Levy D, Labib SB, Anderson KM, et al. (1990). Determinants of sensitivity and specificity of electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation 81:815–820
  • Liang F, Gardner DG. (1999). Mechanical strain activates BNP gene transcription through a p38/NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism. J Clin Invest 104:1603–1612
  • Liu CJ, Cheng YC, Lee KW, et al. (2008). Lipopolysaccharide induces cellular hypertrophy through calcineurin/NFAT-3 signaling pathway in H9c2 myocardiac cells. Mol Cell Biochem 313:167–178
  • Liu J, Farmer JD Jr. Lane WS, et al. (1991). Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes. Cell 66:807–815
  • Liu JY, Yang J, Inceoglu B, et al. (2010). Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase enhances the antiinflammatory effects of aspirin and 5-lipoxygenase activation protein inhibitor in a murine model. Biochem Pharmacol 79:880–887
  • Liu L, Chen C, Gong W, et al. (2011). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids attenuate reactive oxygen species level, mitochondrial dysfunction, caspase activation, and apoptosis in carcinoma cells treated with arsenic trioxide. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 339:451–463
  • Liu Y, Zhang Y, Schmelzer K, et al. (2005). The antiinflammatory effect of laminar flow: The role of PPARgamma, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, and soluble epoxide hydrolase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:16747–16752
  • Lu T, Hoshi T, Weintraub NL, et al. (2001). Activation of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels by epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in rat cardiac ventricular myocytes. J Physiol 537:811–827
  • Luo G, Zeldin DC, Blaisdell JA, et al. (1998). Cloning and expression of murine CYP2Cs and their ability to metabolize arachidonic acid. Arch Biochem Biophys 357:45–57
  • Lv X, Wan J, Yang J, et al. (2008). Cytochrome P450 omega-hydroxylase inhibition reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis via activation of ERK1/2 signaling in rat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Eur J Pharmacol 596:118–126
  • Ma J, Qu W, Scarborough PE, et al. (1999). Molecular cloning, enzymatic characterization, developmental expression, and cellular localization of a mouse cytochrome P450 highly expressed in kidney. J Biol Chem 274:17777–17788
  • Ma J, Zhang L, Li S, et al. (2010). 8,9-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analog protects pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from apoptosis via ROCK pathway. Exp Cell Res 316:2340–2353
  • Ma YH, Gebremedhin D, Schwartzman ML, et al. (1993). 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is an endogenous vasoconstrictor of canine renal arcuate arteries. Circ Res 72:126–136
  • Mallat Z, Heymes C, Corbaz A, et al. (2004). Evidence for altered interleukin 18 (IL)-18 pathway in human heart failure. FASEB J 18:1752–1754
  • Mancy A, Dijols S, Poli S, et al. (1996). Interaction of sulfaphenazole derivatives with human liver cytochromes P450 2C: Molecular origin of the specific inhibitory effects of sulfaphenazole on CYP 2C9 and consequences for the substrate binding site topology of CYP 2C9. Biochemistry 35:16205–16212
  • Marino JP Jr. (2009). Soluble epoxide hydrolase, a target with multiple opportunities for cardiovascular drug discovery. Curr Top Med Chem 9:452–463
  • McCallum GP, Horton JE, Falkner KC, Bend JR. (1993). Microsomal cytochrome P450 1A1 dependent monooxygenase activity in guinea pig heart: Induction, inhibition, and increased activity by addition of exogenous NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 71:151–156
  • McLennan PL, Abeywardena MY, Dallimore JA, Raederstorff D. (2012). Dietary fish oil preserves cardiac function in the hypertrophied rat heart. Br J Nutr 108:645–654
  • McMullen JR, Amirahmadi F, Woodcock EA, et al. (2007). Protective effects of exercise and phosphoinositide 3-kinase(p110alpha) signaling in dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:612–617
  • McMullen JR, Shioi T, Zhang L, et al. (2003). Phosphoinositide 3-kinase(p110alpha) plays a critical role for the induction of physiological, but not pathological, cardiac hypertrophy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:12355–12360
  • Medhora M, Narayanan J, Harder D, Maier KG. (2001). Identifying endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor: Recent approaches to assay the role of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Jpn J Pharmacol 86:369–375
  • Meldrum DR. (1998). Tumor necrosis factor in the heart. Am J Physiol 274:R577–R595
  • Michaud V, Frappier M, Dumas MC, Turgeon J. (2010). Metabolic activity and mRNA levels of human cardiac CYP450s involved in drug metabolism. Plos One 5:e15666
  • Minamiyama Y, Takemura S, Akiyama T, et al. (1999). Isoforms of cytochrome P450 on organic nitrate-derived nitric oxide release in human heart vessels. FEBS Lett 452:165–169
  • Miyamoto S, Verma IM. (1995). Rel/NF-kappa B/I kappa B story. Advances In Cancer Res 66:255–292
  • Miyata N, Seki T, Tanaka Y, et al. (2005). Beneficial effects of a new 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid synthesis inhibitor, TS-011 [N-(3-chloro-4-morpholin-4-yl) phenyl-N′-hydroxyimido formamide], on hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314:77–85
  • Molkentin JD. (2004). Calcineurin-NFAT signaling regulates the cardiac hypertrophic response in coordination with the MAPKs. Cardiovasc Res 63:467–475
  • Monti J, Fischer J, Paskas S, et al. (2008). Soluble epoxide hydrolase is a susceptibility factor for heart failure in a rat model of human disease. Nat Genet 40:529–537
  • Moorthy B, Miller KP, Jiang W, et al. (2003). Role of cytochrome P4501B1 in benzo[a] pyrene bioactivation to DNA-binding metabolites in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells: Evidence from 32P-postlabeling for formation of 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene-3,6-quinone as major proximate genotoxic intermediates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 305:394–401
  • Moshal KS, Zeldin DC, Sithu SD, et al. (2008). Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2J2 gene transfection attenuates MMP-9 via inhibition of NF-kappabeta in hyperhomocysteinemia. J Cell Physiol 215:771–781
  • Motoki A, Merkel MJ, Packwood WH, et al. (2008). Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition and gene deletion are protective against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295:H2128–H2134
  • Muslin AJ. (2005). Role of raf proteins in cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte survival. Trends Cardiovasc Med 15:225–229
  • Muthalif MM, Benter IF, Karzoun N, et al. (1998). 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid mediates calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:12701–12706
  • Muthalif MM, Benter IF, Khandekar Z, et al. (2000). Contribution of Ras GTPase/MAP kinase and cytochrome P450 metabolites to deoxycorticosterone-salt-induced hypertension. Hypertension 35:457–463
  • Muthalif MM, Uddin MR, Fatima S, et al. (2001). Small GTP binding protein Ras contributes to norepinephrine-induced mitogenesis of vascular smooth muscle cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 65:33–43
  • Na W, Peng G, Jianping Z, et al. (2012). RhoA/ROCK may involve in cardiac hypertrophy induced by experimental hyperthyroidism. Toxicol Ind Health 28:831–839
  • Nadal-Ginard B, Kajstura J, Leri A, Anversa P. (2003). Myocyte death, growth, and regeneration in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Circ Res 92:139–150
  • Naga Prasad SV, Esposito G, Mao L, et al. (2000). Gbetagamma-dependent phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation in hearts with in vivo pressure overload hypertrophy. J Biol Chem 275:4693–4698
  • Nicol RL, Frey N, Pearson G, et al. (2001). Activated MEK5 induces serial assembly of sarcomeres and eccentric cardiac hypertrophy. EMBO J 20:2757–2767
  • Nimnual AS, Yatsula BA, Bar-Sagi D. (1998). Coupling of Ras and Rac guanosine triphosphatases through the Ras exchanger Sos. Science 279:560–563
  • Nishida K, Kyoi S, Yamaguchi O, et al. (2009). The role of autophagy in the heart. Cell Death Differ 16:31–38
  • Nishikawa K, Yoshida M, Kusuhara M, et al. (2006). Left ventricular hypertrophy in mice with a cardiac-specific overexpression of interleukin-1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 291:H176–H183
  • Nithipatikom K, Brody DM, Tang AT, et al. (2010). Inhibition of carcinoma cell motility by epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) antagonists. Cancer Sci 101:2629–2636
  • Nithipatikom K, DiCamelli RF, Kohler S, et al. (2001). Determination of cytochrome P450 metabolites of arachidonic acid in coronary venous plasma during ischemia and reperfusion in dogs. Anal Biochem 292:115–124
  • Nithipatikom K, Gross ER, Endsley MP, et al. (2004). Inhibition of cytochrome P450 omega-hydroxylase: A novel endogenous cardioprotective pathway. Circ Res 95:e65–e71
  • Node K, Huo Y, Ruan X, et al. (1999). Anti-inflammatory properties of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase-derived eicosanoids. Science 285:1276–1279
  • Norwood S, Liao J, Hammock BD, Yang GY. (2010). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and soluble epoxide hydrolase: Potential therapeutic targets for inflammation and its induced carcinogenesis. Am J Transl Res 2:447–457
  • Nowicki S, Chen SL, Aizman O, et al. (1997). 20-Hydroxyeicosa-tetraenoic acid (20 HETE) activates protein kinase C. Role in regulation of rat renal Na+, K+-ATPase. J Clin Invest 99:1224–1230
  • Obara K, Koide M, Nakayama K. (2002). 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid potentiates stretch-induced contraction of canine basilar artery via PKC alpha-mediated inhibition of KCa channel. Br J Pharmacol 137:1362–1370
  • Oesch F, Schladt L, Hartmann R, et al. (1986). Rat cytosolic epoxide hydrolase. Adv Exp Med Biol 197:195–201
  • Omura T, Tanaka Y, Miyata N, et al. (2006). Effect of a new inhibitor of the synthesis of 20-HETE on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Stroke 37:1307–1313
  • Oudit GY, Crackower MA, Eriksson U, et al. (2003). Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma-deficient mice are protected from isoproterenol-induced heart failure. Circulation 108:2147–2152
  • Oudit GY, Penninger JM. (2009). Cardiac regulation by phosphoinositide 3-kinases and PTEN. Cardiovasc Res 82:250–260
  • Oyekan A, Balazy M, McGiff JC. (1997). Renal oxygenases: Differential contribution to vasoconstriction induced by ET-1 and ANG II. Am J Physiol 273:R293–R300
  • Oyekan AO, McGiff JC. (1998). Cytochrome P-450-derived eicosanoids participate in the renal functional effects of ET-1 in the anesthetized rat. Am J Physiol 274:R52–R61
  • Palmer JN, Hartogensis WE, Patten M, et al. (1995). Interleukin-1 beta induces cardiac myocyte growth but inhibits cardiac fibroblast proliferation in culture. J Clin Invest 95:2555–2564
  • Pang W, Li N, Ai D, et al. (2011). Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-? downregulates soluble epoxide hydrolase in cardiomyocytes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 38:358–364
  • Panigrahy D, Edin ML, Lee CR, et al. (2012). Epoxyeicosanoids stimulate multiorgan metastasis and tumor dormancy escape in mice. J Clin Invest 122:178–191
  • Panigrahy D, Greene ER, Pozzi A, et al. (2011). EET signaling in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 30:525–540
  • Panigrahy D, Kaipainen A, Greene ER, Huang S. (2010). Cytochrome P450-derived eicosanoids: The neglected pathway in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 29:723–735
  • Petrich BG, Eloff BC, Lerner DL, et al. (2004). Targeted activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in vivo induces restrictive cardiomyopathy and conduction defects. J Biol Chem 279:15330–15338
  • Pokreisz P, Fleming I, Kiss L, et al. (2006). Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase gene function in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Hypertension 47:762–770
  • Poloyac SM, Tortorici MA, Przychodzin DI, et al. (2004). The effect of isoniazid on CYP2E1- and CYP4A-mediated hydroxylation of arachidonic acid in the rat liver and kidney. Drug Metab Dispos 32:727–733
  • Pomposiello SI, Carroll MA, Falck JR, McGiff JC. (2001). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid-mediated renal vasodilation to arachidonic acid is enhanced in SHR. Hypertension 37:887–893
  • Powell PK, Wolf I, Jin R, Lasker JM. (1998). Metabolism of arachidonic acid to 20-hydroxy-5,8,11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid by P450 enzymes in human liver: Involvement of CYP4F2 and CYP4A11. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 285:1327–1336
  • Pozzi A, Macias-Perez I, Abair T, Wei S, et al. (2005). Characterization of 5,6- and 8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (5,6-and 8,9-EET) as potent in vivo angiogenic lipids. J Biol Chem 280:27138–27146
  • Pratt PF, Li P, Hillard CJ, et al. (2001). Endothelium-independent, ouabain-sensitive relaxation of bovine coronary arteries by EETs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280:H1113–H1121
  • Purcell NH, Tang G, Yu C, et al. (2001). Activation of NF-kappa B is required for hypertrophic growth of primary rat neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:6668–6673
  • Qu W, Bradbury JA, Tsao CC, et al. (2001). Cytochrome P450 CYP2J9, a new mouse arachidonic acid omega-1 hydroxylase predominantly expressed in brain. J Biol Chem 276:25467–25479
  • Quigley R, Baum M, Reddy KM, et al. (2000). Effects of 20-HETE and 19(S)-HETE on rabbit proximal straight tubule volume transport. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 278:F949–F953
  • Rahaman SO, Lennon DJ, Febbraio M, et al. (2006). A CD36-dependent signaling cascade is necessary for macrophage foam cell formation. Cell Metab 4:211–221
  • Raman M, Chen W, Cobb MH. (2007). Differential regulation and properties of MAPKs. Oncogene 26:3100–3112
  • Randriamboavonjy V, Busse R, Fleming I. (2003). 20-HETE-induced contraction of small coronary arteries depends on the activation of Rho-kinase. Hypertension 41:801–806
  • Renaud HJ, Cui JY, Khan M, Klaassen CD. (2011). Tissue distribution and gender-divergent expression of 78 cytochrome P450 mRNAs in mice. Toxicol Sci 124:261–277
  • Renic M, Klaus JA, Omura T, et al. (2009). Effect of 20-HETE inhibition on infarct volume and cerebral blood flow after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 29:629–639
  • Ricci R, Sumara G, Sumara I, et al. (2004). Requirement of JNK2 for scavenger receptor A-mediated foam cell formation in atherogenesis. Science 306:1558–1561
  • Rifkind AB, Lee C, Chang TK, Waxman DJ. (1995). Arachidonic acid metabolism by human cytochrome P450s 2C8, 2C9, 2E1, and 1A2: Regioselective oxygenation and evidence for a role for CYP2C enzymes in arachidonic acid epoxygenation in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys 320:380–389
  • Ritter O, Neyses L. (2003). The molecular basis of myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure. Trends Mol Med 9:313–321
  • Rodriguez-Viciana P, Warne PH, Dhand R, et al. (1994). Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase as a direct target of Ras. Nature 370:527–532
  • Roger VL. (2010). The heart failure epidemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 7:1807–1830
  • Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. (2012). Heart disease and stroke statistics–2012 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 125:e2–e220
  • Rohini A, Agrawal N, Koyani CN, Singh R. (2010). Molecular targets and regulators of cardiac hypertrophy. Pharmacol Res 61:269–280
  • Rose BA, Force T, Wang Y. (2010). Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in the heart: Angels versus demons in a heart-breaking tale. Physiol Rev 90:1507–1546
  • Sahai E, Marshall CJ. (2002). ROCK and Dia have opposing effects on adherens junctions downstream of Rho. Nat Cell Biol 4:408–415
  • Sahan-Firat S, Jennings BL, Yaghini FA, et al. (2010). 2,3′,4,5′-Tetramethoxystilbene prevents deoxycorticosterone-salt-induced hypertension: Contribution of cytochrome P-450 1B1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 299:H1891–H1901
  • Sanna B, Bueno OF, Dai YS, et al. (2005). Direct and indirect interactions between calcineurin-NFAT and MEK1-extracellular signal-regulated kinase ½ signaling pathways regulate cardiac gene expression and cellular growth. Mol Cell Biol 25:865–878
  • Schladt L, Wörner W, Setiabudi F, Oesch F. (1986). Distribution and inducibility of cytosolic epoxide hydrolase in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Biochem Pharmacol 35:3309–3316
  • Schmelzer KR, Kubala L, Newman JW, et al. (2005). Soluble epoxide hydrolase is a therapeutic target for acute inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:9772–9777
  • Schwartzman ML, Falck JR, Yadagiri P, Escalante B. (1989). Metabolism of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid by cyclooxygenase. Formation and identification of novel endothelium-dependent vasoconstrictor metabolites. J Biol Chem 264:11658–11662
  • See F, Thomas W, Way K, et al. (2004). p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition improves cardiac function and attenuates left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction in the rat. J Am Coll Cardiol 44:1679–1689
  • Sen R, Baltimore D. (1986). Inducibility of kappa immunoglobulin enhancer-binding protein Nf-kappa B by a posttranslational mechanism. Cell 47:921–928
  • Seubert J, Yang B, Bradbury JA, et al. (2004). Enhanced postischemic functional recovery in CYP2J2 transgenic hearts involves mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels and p42/p44 MAPK pathway. Circ Res 95:506–514
  • Seubert JM, Sinal CJ, Graves J, et al. (2006). Role of soluble epoxide hydrolase in postischemic recovery of heart contractile function. Circ Res 99:442–450
  • Shimada T, Sugie A, Shindo M, et al. (2003). Tissue-specific induction of cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1B1 by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in engineered C57BL/6J mice of arylhydrocarbon receptor gene. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 187:1–10
  • Shioi T, Kang PM, Douglas PS, et al. (2000). The conserved phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway determines heart size in mice. EMBO J 19:2537–2548
  • Shioi T, McMullen JR, Kang PM, et al. (2002). Akt/protein kinase B promotes organ growth in transgenic mice. Mol Cell Biol 22:2799–2809
  • Shiojima I, Sato K, Izumiya Y, et al. (2005). Disruption of coordinated cardiac hypertrophy and angiogenesis contributes to the transition to heart failure. J Clin Invest 115:2108–2118
  • Sidorik L, Kyyamova R, Bobyk V, et al. (2005). Molecular chaperone, HSP60, and cytochrome P450 2E1 co-expression in dilated cardiomyopathy. Cell Biol Int 29:51–55
  • Silverstein RL, Febbraio M. (2000). CD36 and atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol 11:483–491
  • Sinal CJ, Miyata M, Tohkin M, et al. (2000). Targeted disruption of soluble epoxide hydrolase reveals a role in blood pressure regulation. J Biol Chem 275:40504–40510
  • Singh H, Cheng J, Deng H, et al. (2007). Vascular cytochrome P450 4A expression and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid synthesis contribute to endothelial dysfunction in androgen-induced hypertension. Hypertension 50:123–129
  • Smith KR, Pinkerton KE, Watanabe T. (2005). Attenuation of tobacco smoke-induced lung inflammation by treatment with a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:2186–2191
  • Sodhi K, Wu CC, Cheng J, et al. (2010). CYP4A2-induced hypertension is 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid- and angiotensin II-dependent. Hypertension 56:871–878
  • Spearman ME, Prough RA, Estabrook RW, et al. (1985). Novel glutathione conjugates formed from epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Arch Biochem Biophys 242:225–230
  • Spector AA. (2009). Arachidonic acid cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway. J Lipid Res 50:S52–S56
  • Stec DE, Gannon KP, Beaird JS, Drummond HA. (2007). 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) stimulates migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 19:121–128
  • Stephens LR, Jackson TR, Hawkins PT. (1993). Agonist-stimulated synthesis of phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)-trisphosphate: A new intracellular signalling system? Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta 1179:27–75
  • Sugden PH. (2001). Mechanotransduction in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Circulation 103:1375–1377
  • Sun CW, Falck JR, Harder DR, Roman RJ. (1999). Role of tyrosine kinase and PKC in the vasoconstrictor response to 20-HETE in renal arterioles. Hypertension 33:414–418
  • Tan FL, Moravec CS, Li J, et al. (2002). The gene expression fingerprint of human heart failure. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:11387–11392
  • Thannickal VJ, Fanburg BL. (2000). Reactive oxygen species in cell signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 279:L1005–L1028
  • Theken KN, Deng Y, Kannon MA, et al. (2011). Activation of the acute inflammatory response alters cytochrome P450 expression and eicosanoid metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos 39:22–29
  • Thompson CM, Capdevila JH, Strobel HW. (2000). Recombinant cytochrome P450 2D18 metabolism of dopamine and arachidonic acid. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 294:1120–1130
  • Thum T, Borlak J. (2000a). Cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase gene expression and protein activity in cultures of adult cardiomyocytes of the rat. Br J Pharmacol 130:1745–1752
  • Thum T, Borlak J. (2000b). Gene expression in distinct regions of the heart. Lancet 355:979–983
  • Thum T, Borlak J. (2002). Testosterone, cytochrome P450, and cardiac hypertrophy. FASEB J 16:1537–1549
  • Torre-Amione G, Kapadia S, Lee J, et al. (1996). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and tumor necrosis factor receptors in the failing human heart. Circulation 93:704–711
  • Tsakiridis T, Taha C, Grinstein S, Klip A. (1996). Insulin activates a p21-activated kinase in muscle cells via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J Biol Chem 271:19664–19667
  • Urano F, Wang X, Bertolotti A, et al. (2000). Coupling of stress in the ER to activation of JNK protein kinases by transmembrane protein kinase IRE1. Science 287:664–666
  • Valen G, Yan ZQ, Hansson GK. (2001). Nuclear factor kappa-B and the heart. J Am Coll Cardiol 38:307–314
  • Van der Heiden K, Cuhlmann S, Luong leA, et al. (2010). Role of nuclear factor kappaB in cardiovascular health and disease. Clin Sci 118:593–605
  • VanRollins M. (1995). Epoxygenase metabolites of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids inhibit platelet aggregation at concentrations below those affecting thromboxane synthesis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 274:798–804
  • VanRollins M, Kaduce TL, Fang X, et al. (1996). Arachidonic acid diols produced by cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases are incorporated into phospholipids of vascular endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 271:14001–14009
  • VanRollins M, Kaduce TL, Knapp HR, Spector AA. (1993). 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid metabolism in endothelial cells. J Lipid Res 34:1931–1942
  • Vatner DE, Yang GP, Geng YJ, et al. (2000). Determinants of the cardiomyopathic phenotype in chimeric mice overexpressing cardiac Gsalpha. Circ Res 86:802–806
  • Vazquez B, Rios A, Escalante B. (1995). Arachidonic acid metabolism modulates vasopressin-induced renal vasoconstriction. Life Sci 56:1455–1466
  • Waechter F, Bentley P, Bieri F, et al. (1988). Organ distribution of epoxide hydrolases in cytosolic and microsomal fractions of normal and nafenopin-treated male DBA/2 mice. Biochem Pharmacol 37:3897–3903
  • Walker MK, Pollenz RS, Smith SM. (1997). Expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and AhR nuclear translocator during chick cardiogenesis is consistent with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced heart defects. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 143:407–419
  • Walles M, Thum T, Levsen K, Borlak J. (2002). Verapamil: New insight into the molecular mechanism of drug oxidation in the human heart. Journal Of Chromatography. A 970:117–130
  • Wang D, Dubois RN. (2012). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids: A double-edged sword in cardiovascular diseases and cancer. J Clin Invest 122:19–22
  • Wang JS, Singh H, Zhang F, et al. (2006). Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in rats transduced with CYP4A2 adenovirus. Circ Res 98:962–969
  • Wang P, Meijer J, Guengerich FP. (1982). Purification of human liver cytosolic epoxide hydrolase and comparison to the microsomal enzyme. Biochemistry 21:5769–5776
  • Wang Y, Huang S, Sah VP, et al. (1998). Cardiac muscle cell hypertrophy and apoptosis induced by distinct members of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase family. J Biol Chem 273:2161–2168
  • Wang Y, Wei X, Xiao X, et al. (2005). Arachidonic acid epoxygenase metabolites stimulate endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis via mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathways. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314:522–532
  • Ward NC, Puddey IB, Hodgson JM, et al. (2005). Urinary 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid excretion is associated with oxidative stress in hypertensive subjects. Free Radic Biol Med 38:1032–1036
  • Weber KT, Brilla CG. (1993). Structural basis for pathologic left ventricular hypertrophy. Clin Cardiol 16:II10–II14
  • Weintraub NL, Fang X, Kaduce TL, et al. (1997). Potentiation of endothelium-dependent relaxation by epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Circ Res 81:258–267
  • Wencker D, Chandra M, Nguyen K, et al. (2003). A mechanistic role for cardiac myocyte apoptosis in heart failure. J Clin Invest 111:1497–1504
  • Westphal C, Konkel A, Schunck WH. (2011). CYP-eicosanoids-a new link between omega-3 fatty acids and cardiac disease? Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 96:99–108
  • Widstrom RL, Norris AW, Spector AA. (2001). Binding of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathway products by heart fatty acid-binding protein. Biochemistry, 40:1070–1076
  • Wilkins BJ, Molkentin JD. (2004). Calcium-calcineurin signaling in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 322:1178–1191
  • Williams JM, Sarkis A, Lopez B, et al. (2007). Elevations in renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid contribute to pressure natriuresis. Hypertension 49:687–694
  • Wong ET, Tergaonkar V. (2009). Roles of NF-kappaB in health and disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Clin Sci 116:451–465
  • Wong PY, Lai PS, Falck JR. (2000). Mechanism and signal transduction of 14®, 15 (S)-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET) binding in guinea pig monocytes. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 62:321–333
  • Wong PY, Lai PS, Shen SY, et al. (1997). Post-receptor signal transduction and regulation of 14®, 15(S)-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET) binding in U-937 cells. J Lipid Mediat Cell Signal 16:155–169
  • Wu S, Chen W, Murphy E, et al. (1997). Molecular cloning, expression, and functional significance of a cytochrome P450 highly expressed in rat heart myocytes. J Biol Chem 272:12551–12559
  • Wu S, Moomaw CR, Tomer KB, et al. (1996). Molecular cloning and expression of CYP2J2, a human cytochrome P450 arachidonic acid epoxygenase highly expressed in heart. J Biol Chem 271:3460–3468
  • Xu D, Li N, He Y, et al. (2006). Prevention and reversal of cardiac hypertrophy by soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:18733–18738
  • Yaghi A, Sims SM. (2005). Constrictor-induced translocation of NFAT3 in human and rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 289:L1061–L1074
  • Yamada H, Kaneko H, Takeuchi K, et al. (1992). Tissue-specific expression, induction, and inhibition through metabolic intermediate-complex formation of guinea pig cytochrome P450 belonging to the CYP2B subfamily. Arch Biochem Biophys 299:248–254
  • Yamauchi-Takihara K, Kishimoto T. (2000). A novel role for STAT3 in cardiac remodeling. Trends Cardiovasc Med 10:298–303
  • Yanazume T, Hasegawa K, Wada H, et al. (2002). Rho/ROCK pathway contributes to the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase/GATA-4 during myocardial cell hypertrophy. J Biol Chem 277:8618–8625
  • Yang B, Graham L, Dikalov S, et al. (2001). Overexpression of cytochrome P450 CYP2J2 protects against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. Molecular Pharmacology 60:310–320
  • Yang S, Lin L, Chen JX, et al. (2007). Cytochrome P-450 epoxygenases protect endothelial cells from apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha via MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293:H142–H151
  • Yousif MH, Benter IF, Roman RJ. (2009). Cytochrome P450 metabolites of arachidonic acid play a role in the enhanced cardiac dysfunction in diabetic rats following ischaemic reperfusion injury. Auton Autacoid Pharmacol 29:33–41
  • Yu W, Chen L, Yang YQ, et al. (2011). Cytochrome P450 ω-hydroxylase promotes angiogenesis and metastasis by upregulation of VEGF and MMP-9 in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 68:619–629
  • Yu Z, Davis BB, Morisseau C, et al. (2004). Vascular localization of soluble epoxide hydrolase in the human kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 286:F720–F726
  • Zeng Q, Han Y, Bao Y, et al. (2010). 20-HETE increases NADPH oxidase-derived ROS production and stimulates the L-type Ca2+ channel via a PKC-dependent mechanism in cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 299:H1109–H1117
  • Zhang JY, Prakash C, Yamashita K, Blair IA. (1992). Regiospecific and enantioselective metabolism of 8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid by cyclooxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 183:138–143
  • Zhang S, Weinheimer C, Courtois M, et al. (2003). The role of the Grb2-p38 MAPK signaling pathway in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. J Clin Invest 111:833–841
  • Zhang Y, El-Sikhry H, Chaudhary KR, et al. (2009). Overexpression of CYP2J2 provides protection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 297:H37–H46
  • Zhang Y, Oltman CL, Lu T, et al. (2001). EET homologs potently dilate coronary microvessels and activate BK(Ca) channels. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280:H2430–H2440
  • Zhao G, Wang J, Xu X, et al. (2012). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids protect rat hearts against tumor necrosis factor-a-induced injury. J Lipid Res 53:456–466
  • Zhao X, Quigley JE, Yuan J, et al. (2006). PPAR-alpha activator fenofibrate increases renal CYP-derived eicosanoid synthesis and improves endothelial dilator function in obese Zucker rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290:H2187–H2195
  • Zhao Z, Geng J, Ge Z, et al. (2009). Activation of ERK5 in angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of human aortic smooth muscle cells. Mol Cell Biochem 322:171–178
  • Zhao Z, Wang W, Geng J, et al. (2010). Protein kinase C epsilon-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation involved in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy with angiotensin II stimulation. J Cell Biochem 109:653–662
  • Zhu D, Bousamra M 2nd Zeldin DC, et al. (2000). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids constrict isolated pressurized rabbit pulmonary arteries. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 278:L335–L343
  • Zordoky BN, Aboutabl ME, El-Kadi AO. (2008). Modulation of cytochrome P450 gene expression and arachidonic acid metabolism during isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Drug Metab Dispos 36:2277–2286
  • Zordoky BN, El-Kadi AO. (2007). H9c2 cell line is a valuable in vitro model to study the drug metabolizing enzymes in the heart. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 56:317–322
  • Zordoky BN, El-Kadi AO. (2008). Modulation of cardiac and hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes during heart failure. Curr Drug Metab 9:122–128
  • Zordoky BN, El-Kadi AO. (2010). 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and beta-naphthoflavone induce cellular hypertrophy in H9c2 cells by an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependant mechanism. Toxicol In Vitro 24:863–871
  • Zou AP, Fleming JT, Falck JR, et al. (1996). 20-HETE is an endogenous inhibitor of the large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel in renal arterioles. Am J Physiol 270:R228–R237

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.