Gastrointestinal and Dermal Absorption: Interspecies Differences

References

• Rall D. P. Difficulties in extrapolating the results of toxicity studies in laboratory animals to man. Environ. Res. 1969; 2: 360
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brodie B. B. Physo-chemical factors in drug absorption. Absorption and Distribution of Drugs, T. B. Binns. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD 1960; 16–48
   Google Scholar
• Schanker L. S. Mechanisms of drug absorption and distribution. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. 1961; 1: 29
   Google Scholar
• Schanker L. S. Passage of drugs across body membranes. Pharmacol. Rev. 1962; 14: 501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smyth D. H. Alimentary absorption of drugs: Physiological considerations. Absorption and Distribution of Drugs, T. B. Binns. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD 1960; 1–5
   Google Scholar
• Wagner J. G. Biopharmaceutics: Absorption aspects. J. Pharm. Sci. 1961; 50(6)359
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mellett L. B. Comparative drug metabolism. Prog. Drug Res. 1969; 13: 136
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith H. W. Observations on the flora of the alimentary tract of animals and factors affecting its composition. J. Pathol. Bacteriol. 1965; 89: 95
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ragins H., Dittbrenner M., Diaz J. Comparative histochemistry of the gastric mucosa: A survey of the common laboratory animals and man. Anat. Rec. 1964; 150: 179
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Drasar B. S., Hill M. J., Williams R. E. O. The significance of the gut flora in safety testing of food additives. Metabolic Aspects of Food Safety, F. J. C. Roe. Blaekwell, Oxford and Edinburgh 1970; 245–260
   Google Scholar
• Goldman P. Biochemical pharmacology of the intestinal flora. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 1978; 18: 523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson J. W. L., Menge H., Sepulveda F. A., Mirkovitch V. Functional and structural characteristics of the jejunum and ileum in the dog and the rat. Digestion 1977; 15: 188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stara J. F., Wolfangel R. G., Bruckner B. H., Moore W., Jr. Gastrointestinal absorption, distribution, and excretion of radiocesium. Intestinal Absorption of Metal Ions, Trace Elements and Radionuclides, S. C. Skoryna, D. Waldron-Edward. Pergamon, New York 1971; 265–276
   Google Scholar
• Scharding N. N., Oehme F. W. The use of animal models for comparative studies of lead poisoning. Clin. Toxicol. 1973; 6(3)419
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venugopal B., Luckey T. D. Metal toxicity. Mammals, vol. 2: Chemical Toxicity of Metals and Metalloids. Plenum Press, New York 1978
   Google Scholar
• Comar C. L., Wasserman R. H. Strontium. Mineral Metabolism, vol. 2, part A, C. L. Comar, F. Bronner. Academic Press, New York 1964; 532–570
   Google Scholar
• Calabrese E. J. Nutrition and Environmental Health: The Influence of Nutritional Status on Pollutant Toxicity and Carcinogenicity, vol. 1. The Vitamins; vol. 2: Minerals and Macronutrients. Wiley, New York 1980, 1981
   Google Scholar
• Calabrese E. J. Principles of Animal Extrapolation. Wiley, New York 1983
   Google Scholar
• Hucker H. B., Zacchel R. G., Cox S. V., Brodie D. A., Cantwell N. H. R. Studies on the absorption, distribution and excretion of indomethacin in various species. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1966; 153: 237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schumacher H., Blake D. A., Gurian J. M., Gillette J. R. A comparison of the teratogenic activity of thalidomide in rabbits and rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1968; 160: 189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeves P. R., McAinsh J., McIntosh D. A. D., Winrow M. J. Metabolism of atenolol in man. Xenobiotica 1978; 8(5)313
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreyfuss J., Shaw J. M., Ross J. J., Jr. Absorption of the β-adrenergic-blocking agent, nadolol, by mice, rats, hamsters, rabbits, dogs, monkeys, and man: An unusual species difference. Xenobiotica 1978; 8(8)503
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runkel R., Chaplin M., Boost G., Segre E., Forchielli E. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of naproxen in various laboratory animals and human subjects. J. Pharm. Sci. 1972; 61: 703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith S. L., Wagner J. G., Gerrilson G. C. J. Pharm. Sci. 1967; 56: 1150, cited in Runkel et al., Ref. 23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tregear R. T. The permeability of mammalian skin to ions. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1966; 46(1)16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tregear R. T. Epidermis as a thick membrane. J. Physiol. 1960; 153: 54
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marzulli F. N. Barriers to skin penetration. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1962; 37: 387
   Google Scholar
• Blank I. H., Griesemer R. D., Gould E. The penetration of sarin into excised human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1957; 29: 299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blank I. H., Griesemer R. D., Gould E. A method for studying the rate of sarin penetration into the living rabbit. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1958; 31: 255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fredriksonn T. Studies on the percutaneous absorption of sarin and two allied organophosphorous cholinesterase inhibitors. Acta Derm. Venereol. Suppl. 1958; 38: 41
   Google Scholar
• Cotty V. F., Skerpac J., Ederma H. M., Zurzola F., Kuna M. The percutaneous absorption of salicylates as measured by blood plasma levels in the rabbit. J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 1960; 11: 97
   Google Scholar
• Wurster D. E., Kramer S. F. Investigation of some factors influencing percutaneous absorption. J. Pharm. Sci. 1961; 50: 288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tregear R. T. Physical Functions of Skin. Academic Press, New York 1966; 6–13
   Google Scholar
• Tregear R. T. Relative penetrability of hair follicles and epidermis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1966; 46(1)16–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marzulli F. N., Brown D. W. C., Maibach H. I. Techniques for studying skin penetration. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. Suppl. 1969; 3: 76
   Google Scholar
• McGreesh A. H. Percutaneous toxicity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. Suppl. 1965; 2: 20
   Google Scholar
• Campbell P., Watanabe T., Chandrasekaran S. K. Comparison of in vitro skin permeability of scopolamine in rat, rabbit, and man. Fed. Proc. 1976; 35: 639
   Google Scholar
• Wester R. C., Maibach H. I. Percutaneous absorption in the rhesus monkey compared to man. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1975; 32: 394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoughton R. B. Animal models for in vitro percutaneous absorption. Animal Models in Dermatology, H. Maibach. Churchill-Livingstone, New York 1975; 121
   Google Scholar
• Franz T. J. Percutaneous absorption and the relevance of in vitro data. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1975; 64: 190
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartek M. J., LaBudde J. A., Maibach H. I. Skin permeability in vivo: Rat, rabbit, pig and man. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1971; 56: 409
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartek M. J., LaBudde J. A., Maibach H. I. Skin permeability in vivo: Comparison in rat, rabbit, pig and man. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1972; 58(3)114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldmann R. J., Maibach H. I. Regional variation in percutaneous penetration of 14C cortisone in man. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1967; 35: 337
   Google Scholar
• Chow C., Chow A. Y. K., Downie R. H., Buttar H. S. Percutaneous absorption of hexachlorophene in rats, guinea pigs and pigs. Toxicology 1978; 9: 147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldmann R. J., Maibach H. I. Absorption of some organic compounds through the skin in man. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1970; 54: 399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartek M. J., LaBudde J. A. Percutaneous absorption in vitro. Animal Models in Dermatology, H. Maibach. Churchill-Livingstone, New York 1975; 103
   Google Scholar
• Feldmann R. J., Maibach H. I. Percutaneous penetration of some pesticides and herbicides in man. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1974; 28: 126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hood D. B. Practical and theoretical considerations in evaluating dermal safety. Cutaneous Toxicology, V. A. Drill, P. Lazar. Academic Press, New York 1977; 15–30
   Google Scholar
• Rudall K. M., Durward A. The vascularity and patterns of growth of hair follicles. The Biology of Hair Growth, W. Montagna, R. A. Ellis. Academic Press, New York 1958; 189–218
   Google Scholar
• Ryder M. L. The blood supply to the wool follicle. Proceedings of the International Wool Textile Research Conference. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne 1955; vol. F: 63–91
   Google Scholar
• Hammel H. T., Wyndham C. H., Hardy J. D. Heat production and heat loss in the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 1958; 194: 99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant R. T. Vascular reactions in the rabbit's ear. Clin. Sci. 1935; 2: 1
   Google Scholar
• Hongo T. T., Luck C. P. The circulation in the tail of a monkey. J. Physiol. 1953; 122: 570
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irving L., Hart J. S. The metabolism and insulation of seals as bare-skinned mammals in cold water, Can. J. Zool. 1957; 35: 497
   Google Scholar
• Kahl M. P. Thermoregulation in the wood stork with special reference to the role of the legs. Physiol. Zool. 1963; 36: 141
   Google Scholar
• Szabo G. The number of eccrine sweat glands in human skin. Adv. Biol. Skin 1962; 3: 1
   Google Scholar
• Marzulli F. N., Callahan J. F. The capacity of certain common laboratory animals to sweat. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1957; 131: 80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Montagna W. The Structure and Function of Skin. Academic Press, New York 1962
   Google Scholar
• Kuno Y. Human Perspiration. C. C. Thomas, Springfield, IL 1956; 64
   Google Scholar
• Hermann F. Introduction of allergens into the skin by inunction with intraderm. Ann. Allergy 1945; 3: 431
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shelley W. B., Melton F. M. Studies on absorption through normal human skin. Fed. Proc. 1947; 6: 199
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tregear R. T. Relative penetrability of hair follicles and epidermis. J. Physiol. 1961; 156: 307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez A. P., Kappas A., Levin W., Conney A. H. Inducibility of benzo(α)pyrene hydroxylase in human skin by polycyclic hydrocarbons. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1973; 14: 30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez A. P., Leigh S., Kappas A., Levin W., Conney A. H. Induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in human skin. Drug Metab. Dispos. 1973; 1: 386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woglom W. H. Experimental tar cancer. Arch. Pathol. 1926; 2: 533
   Google Scholar
• Berenblum I. The carcinogenic action of 9,10-dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene on the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the mouse, rabbit, rat, and guinea pig. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1949; 10: 167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bock F. G. Species differences in penetration and absorption of chemical carcinogens. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 1963; 10: 361
   Google Scholar
• Berenblum I., Haran-Ghera N., Trainin N. An experimental analysis of the “hair cycle effect” in mouse skin carcinogenesis. Br. J. Cancer 1958; 12: 402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andreasen E., Engelbreth-Holm J. On the significance of the mouse hair cycle in experimental carcinogenesis. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 1953; 32: 165
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borum K. The role of the mouse hair cycle in epidermal carcinogenesis. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 1954; 34: 542
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flesch P. Hair growth, in Physiology and Biochemistry of the Skin, S. Rothman. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1954; 601–661
   Google Scholar