433
Views
35
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
PRESENTED AT THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEMOGLOBIN DISORDERS, KUWAIT, February 5–7th, 2011

Thrombosis in Thalassemia: Why are we so Concerned?

&
Pages 503-510 | Received 17 Feb 2011, Accepted 28 Mar 2011, Published online: 12 Sep 2011

REFERENCES

  • Steinberg MH, Forget BG, Higgs DR, Weatherall DJ. Disorders of hemoglobin: genetics pathophysiology, and clinical management. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2009.
  • Borgna-Pignatti C, Rugolotto S, De Stefano P, . Survival and complications in patients with thalassemia major treated with transfusion and deferoxamine. Haematologica. 2004;89(10):1187–1193.
  • Taher AT, Musallam KM, Cappellini MD, Weatherall DJ. Optimal management of beta thalassaemia intermedia. Br J Haematol. 2011;152(5):512–523.
  • Taher AT, Musallam KM, Karimi M, . Overview on practices in thalassemia intermedia management aiming for lowering complication rates across a region of endemicity: the OPTIMAL CARE study. Blood. 2010;115(10):1886–1892.
  • Cappellini MD, Motta I, Musallam KM, Taher AT. Redefining thalassemia as a hypercoagulable state. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1202(231–236.
  • Taher AT, Otrock ZK, Uthman I, Cappellini MD. Thalassemia and hypercoagulability. Blood Rev. 2008;22(5):283–292.
  • Winichagoon P, Fucharoen S, Wasi P. Increased circulating platelet aggregates in thalassaemia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1981;12(4):556–560.
  • Del Principe D, Menichelli A, Di Giulio S, De Matteis W, Cianciulli P, Papa G. PADGEM/GMP-140 expression on platelet membranes from homozygous beta thalassaemic patients. Br J Haematol. 1993;84(1):111–117.
  • Ruf A, Pick M, Deutsch V, . In-vivo platelet activation correlates with red cell anionic phospholipid exposure in patients with beta-thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol. 1997;98(1):51–56.
  • Cappellini MD, Grespi E, Cassinerio E, Bignamini D, Fiorelli G. Coagulation and splenectomy: an overview. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1054(317–324.
  • Atichartakarn V, Angchaisuksiri P, Aryurachai K, Chuncharunee S, Thakkinstian A. In vivo platelet activation and hyperaggregation in hemoglobin E/beta-thalassemia: a consequence of splenectomy. Int J Hematol. 2003;77(3):299–303.
  • Eldor A, Krausz Y, Atlan H, . Platelet survival in patients with beta-thalassemia. Am J Hematol. 1989;32(2):94–99.
  • Eldor A, Lellouche F, Goldfarb A, Rachmilewitz EA, Maclouf J. In vivo platelet activation in beta-thalassemia major reflected by increased platelet-thromboxane urinary metabolites. Blood. 1991;77(8):1749–1753.
  • Rund D, Rachmilewitz E. Beta-thalassemia. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(11):1135–1146.
  • Hershko C, Graham G, Bates GW, Rachmilewitz EA. Non-specific serum iron in thalassaemia: an abnormal serum iron fraction of potential toxicity. Br J Haematol. 1978;40(2):255–263.
  • Kuypers FA, de Jong K. The role of phosphatidylserine in recognition and removal of erythrocytes. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2004;50(2):147–158.
  • Tavazzi D, Duca L, Graziadei G, Comino A, Fiorelli G, Cappellini MD. Membrane-bound iron contributes to oxidative damage of beta-thalassaemia intermedia erythrocytes. Br J Haematol. 2001;112(1):48–50.
  • Borenstain-Ben Yashar V, Barenholz Y, Hy-Am E, Rachmilewitz EA, Eldor A. Phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet of red blood cells from beta-thalassemia patients may explain the chronic hypercoagulable state and thrombotic episodes. Am J Hematol. 1993;44(1):63–65.
  • Helley D, Eldor A, Girot R, Ducrocq R, Guillin MC, Bezeaud A. Increased procoagulant activity of red blood cells from patients with homozygous sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia. Thromb Haemost. 1996;76(3):322–327.
  • Atichartakarn V, Angchaisuksiri P, Aryurachai K, . Relationship between hypercoagulable state and erythrocyte phosphatidylserine exposure in splenectomized haemoglobin E/beta-thalassaemic patients. Br J Haematol. 2002;118(3):893–898.
  • Cappellini MD, Robbiolo L, Bottasso BM, Coppola R, Fiorelli G, Mannucci AP. Venous thromboembolism and hypercoagulability in splenectomized patients with thalassaemia intermedia. Br J Haematol. 2000;111(2):467–473.
  • Habib A, Kunzelmann C, Shamseddeen W, Zobairi F, Freyssinet JM, Taher A. Elevated levels of circulating procoagulant microparticles in patients with beta-thalassemia intermedia. Haematologica. 2008;93(6):941–942.
  • Butthep P, Bunyaratvej A, Funahara Y, . Alterations in vascular endothelial cell-related plasma proteins in thalassaemic patients and their correlation with clinical symptoms. Thromb Haemost. 1995;74(4):1045–1049.
  • Butthep P, Bunyaratvej A, Funahara Y, . Possible evidence of endothelial cell activation and disturbance in thalassemia: an in vitro study. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1997;28 Suppl 3(141–148A.
  • Hovav T, Goldfarb A, Artmann G, Yedgar S, Barshtein G. Enhanced adherence of beta-thalassaemic erythrocytes to endothelial cells. Br J Haematol. 1999;106(1):178–181.
  • Zalloua PA, Shbaklo H, Mourad YA, Koussa S, Taher A. Incidence of thromboembolic events in Lebanese thalassemia intermedia patients. Thromb Haemost. 2003;89(4):767–768.
  • Iolascon A, Giordano P, Storelli S, . Thrombophilia in thalassemia major patients: analysis of genetic predisposing factors. Haematologica. 2001;86(10):1112–1113.
  • Borgna Pignatti C, Carnelli V, Caruso V, . Thromboembolic events in beta thalassemia major: an Italian multicenter study. Acta Haematol. 1998;99(2):76–79.
  • Zurlo MG, De Stefano P, Borgna-Pignatti C, . Survival and causes of death in thalassaemia major. Lancet. 1989;2(8653):27–30.
  • Taher A, Isma’eel H, Mehio G, . Prevalence of thromboembolic events among 8,860 patients with thalassaemia major and intermedia in the Mediterranean area and Iran. Thromb Haemost. 2006;96(4):488–491.
  • Manfre L, Giarratano E, Maggio A, Banco A, Vaccaro G, Lagalla R. MR imaging of the brain: findings in asymptomatic patients with thalassemia intermedia and sickle cell-thalassemia disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999;173(6):1477–1480.
  • Taher AT, Musallam KM, Nasreddine W, Hourani R, Inati A, Beydoun A. Asymptomatic brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in splenectomized adults with thalassemia intermedia.J Thromb Haemost. 2010;8(1):54–59.
  • Karimi M, Bagheri H, Rastgu F, Rachmilewitz EA. Magnetic resonance imaging to determine the incidence of brain ischaemia in patients with beta-thalassaemia intermedia. Thromb Haemost. 2010;103(5):989–993.
  • Taher AT, Musallam KM, El-Beshlawy A, . Age-related complications in treatment-naive patients with thalassaemia intermedia. Br J Haematol. 2010;150(4):486–489.
  • Taher AT, Musallam KM, Karimi M, . Splenectomy and thrombosis: the case of thalassemia intermedia. J Thromb Haemost. 2010;8(10):2152–2158.
  • Taher A, Hershko C, Cappellini MD. Iron overload in thalassaemia intermedia: reassessment of iron chelation strategies. Br J Haematol. 2009;147(5):634–640.
  • Crary SE, Buchanan GR. Vascular complications after splenectomy for hematologic disorders. Blood. 2009;114(14):2861–2868.
  • Cadili A, de Gara C. Complications of splenectomy. Am J Med. 2008;121(5):371–375.
  • Sumiyoshi A, Thakerngpol K, Sonakul D. Pulmonary microthromboemboli in thalassemic cases. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1992;23 Suppl 2(29–31.
  • Tripodi A, Cappellini MD, Chantarangkul V, . Hypercoagulability in splenectomized thalassemic patients detected by whole-blood thromboelastometry, but not by thrombin generation in platelet-poor plasma. Haematologica. 2009;94(11):1520–1527.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.