Interleukin-12: A Recently Discovered Cytokine with Potential for Enhancing Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Tumors

References

• Rosenberg S. A., Mule J. J., Spiess P. J., et al. Regression of established pulmonary metastases and subcutaneous tumor mediated by the systemic administration of high-dose recombinant interleukin-2. J Exp Med 1985; 161: 1169–1188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg S. A., Lotze M. T., Muul L. M., et al. Observations on the systemic administration of autologous lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin-2 to patients with meta-static cancer. N Engl J Med 1985; 313: 1485–1492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg S. A., Lotze M. T., Muul L. M., et al. A progress report on the treatment of 157 patients with advanced cancer using lymphokine-activated killer cells and interleukin-2 or high-dose interleukin-2 alone. N Engl J Med 1987; 316: 889–897
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi M., Fitz L., Ryan M., et al. Identification and purification of natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF), a cyto-kine with multiple biological effects on human lymphocytes. J Exp Med 1989; 170: 827–845
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern A. S., Podlaski F. J., Hulmes J. D., et al. Purification to homogeneity and partial characterization of cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor from human B-lymphoblastoid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87: 6808–6812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gubler U., Chua A. O., Schoenhaut D. S., et al. Coexpression of two distinct genes is required to generate secreted, bioactive cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88: 4143–4147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf S. F., Temple P. A., Kobayashi M., et al. Cloning of cDNA for natural killer cell stimulatory factor, a heterodimeric cytokine with multiple biologic effects on T and natural killer cells. J Immunol 1991; 146: 3074–3081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoenhaut D. S., Chua A. O., Wolitzky A. G., et al. Cloning and expression of murine IL-12. J Immunol 1992; 148: 3433–3440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podlaski F. J., Nanduri V. B., Hulmes J. D., et al. Molecular characterization of interleukin 12. Arch Biochem Biophys 1992; 294: 230–237
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gearing D. P., Cosman D. Homology of the p40 subunit of natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) with the extracellular domain of the interleukin-6 receptor. Cell 1991; 66: 9–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merberg D. M., Wolf S. F., Clark S. C. Sequence similarity between NKSF and the IL-6/G-CSF family. Immunol Today 1992; 13: 77–78
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taga T., Hibi M., Hirata Y., et al. Interleukin-6 triggers the association of its receptor with a possible signal transucer, gp130. Cell 1989; 58: 573–581
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chizzonite R., Truitt T., Desai B. B., et al. IL-12 receptor. I. Characterization of the receptor on phytohemagglutinin-activated human lymphoblasts. J Immunol 1992; 148: 3117–3124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desai B. B., Quinn P. M., Wolitzky A. G., et al. IL-12 receptor. II. Distribution and regulation of receptor expression. J Immunol 1992; 148: 3125–3132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hibi M., Murakami M., Saito M., et al. Molecular cloning and expression of an IL-6 signal transducer, gp130. Cell 1990; 63: 1149–1157
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberman M. D., Sigal R. K., Williams N. N., et al. Natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) augments natural killer cell and antibody-dependent tumoricidal response against colon carcinoma cell lines. J Surg Res 1991; 50: 410–415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chehimi J., Starr S. E., Frank I., et al. Natural killer (NK) cell stimulatory factor increases the cytotoxic activity of NK cells from both healthy donors and human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Exp Med 1992; 175: 789–796
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson M. J., Soiffer R. J., Wolf S. F., et al. Responses of human natural killer (NK) cells to NK cell stimulatory factor (NKSF): Cytolytic activity and proliferation of NK cells are differentially regulated by NKSF. J Exp Med 1992; 175: 779–788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naume B., Gately M., Espevik T. A comparative study of IL-12 (cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor)-, IL-2-, and IL-7-induced effects on immunomagnetically purified CD56+ NK cells. J Immunol 1992; 148: 2429–2436
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gately M. K., Desai B. B., Wolitzky A. G., et al. Interleukin-12: A novel heterodimeric cytokine with potential antitumor applications. Neuroimmunol Res 1991; 4: 20–32
   Google Scholar
• Gately M. K., Wolitzky A. G., Quinn P. M., et al. Regulation of human cytolytic lymphocyte responses by interleukin-12. Cell Immunol 1992; 143: 127–142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan S. H., Perussia B., Gupta J. W., et al. Induction of interferon γ production by natural killer cell stimulatory factor: Characterization of the responder cells and synergy with other inducers. J Exp Med 1991; 173: 869–879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan S. H., Kobayashi M., Santoli D., et al. Mechanisms of IFN-γ induction by natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF/IL-12). Role of transcription and mRNA stability in the synergistic interaction between NKSF and IL-2. J Immunol 1992; 148: 92–98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gately M. K., Desai B. B., Wolitzky A. G., et al. Regulation of human lymphocyte proliferation by a heterodimeric cytokine, IL-12 (cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor). J Immunol 1991; 147: 874–882
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiniwa M., Gately M., Gubler U., et al. Recombinant interleukin-12 suppresses the synthesis of IgE by interleukin-4 stimulated human lymphocytes. J Clin Invest 1992; 90: 262–266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf S., Seiburth D., Perussia B., et al. Cell sources of natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF/IL-12) transcripts and sub-unit expression. FASEB J 1992; 6: A1335
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chizzonite R., Truitt T., Podlaski F. J., et al. IL-12: Monoclonal antibodies specific for the 40-kDa subunit block receptor binding and biologic activity on activated human lymphoblasts. J Immunol 1991; 147: 1548–1556
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraker D. L., Langstein H. N., Norton J. A. Passive immunization against tumor necrosis factor partially abrogates interleukin 2 toxicity. J Exp Med 1989; 170: 1015–1020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mier J. W., Vachino G., Klempner M. S., et al. Inhibition of interleukin-2-induced tumor necrosis factor release by dexameth-asone: Prevention of an acquired neutrophil chemotaxis defect and differential suppression of interleukin-2-associated side effects. Blood 1990; 10: 1933–1940
   Google Scholar
• Gately M. K., Anderson T. D., Hayes T. J. Role of asialo-GM1-positive lymphoid cells in mediating the toxic effects of re-combinant IL-2 in mice. J Immunol 1988; 141: 189–200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peace D. J., Cheever M. A. Toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of high-dose interleukin 2. In vivo infusion of antibody to NK-1.1 attenuates toxicity without compromising efficacy against mu-rine leukemia. J Exp Med 1989; 169: 161–173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fearon E. R., Pardoll D. M., Itaya T., et al. Interleukin-2 production by tumor cells bypasses T helper function in the generation of an antitumor response. Cell 1990; 60: 397–403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golumbek P. T., Lazenby A. J., Levitsky H. I., et al. Treatment of established renal cancer by tumor cells engineered to secrete interleukin-4. Science 1991; 254: 713–716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar