Alpha Interferon, Leucovorin, and 5-Fluorouracil (ALF) in Advanced Cancer: Results of a Dose-Finding Study and Evidence of Activity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

References

• Rustum Y M, Trave F, Zakrzewski S F, et al. Biochemical and pharmacologic basis for potentiation of 5-fluorouracil action by leucovorin. NCI Monogr 1987; 5: 165–170
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bleyer W A. New vistas for leucovorin in cancer chemotherapy. Cancer 1989; 63: 995–1007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arbuck S G. Overview of clinical trials using 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Cancer 1989; 63: 1036–1044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piedbois P, Buyse M, Rustum Y, Machover D, Erlichman C, Carlson R W, Valone F, Labianca R, Doroshow J F, Petrelli N. Modulation of fluorouracil by leucovorin in patients with advanced cancer: Evidence in terms of response rate. J Clin Oncol 1992; 10: 896–903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Connell M J. A phase III trial of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer 1989; 63: 1026–1030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadler S, Schwartz E L. Antineoplastic activity of the combination of interferon and cytotoxic agents against experimental and human malignancies: A review. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 3473–3486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadler S, Schwartz E L, Goldman M, et al. Fluorouracil and recombinant alfa-2a-interferon: An active regimen against advanced colorectal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 1989; 7: 1769–1775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindley C, Bernard M, Gavigan B, et al. Interferon-alpha increases 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plasma levels 64-fold within one hour: Results of a phase I study. J Interferon Res 1990; 10(Suppl)132
   Google Scholar
• Meadows L M, Walther P, Ozer H. Alpha-interferon and 5-fluorouracil: Possible mechanisms of antitumor action. Semin Oncol 1991; 18(Suppl 7)71–76
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Neefe J R, Glass J. Abrogation of interferon-induced resistance to interferon-activated major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted killers by treatment of a melanoma cell line with 5-fluorouracil. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 3159–3163
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neefe J R, John W. Mechanisms of interaction of interferon and 5-fluorouracil in solid tumors. Semin Oncol 1991; 18(Suppl 7)77–82
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ernstoff M S, Lembersky B C, Kirkwood J M. Fluorouracil, interferon-alpha, and colon cancer: Rational pursuit of synergism between antimetabolites and biologicals. J Clin Oncol 1989; 7: 1764–1765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rustum Y M. Rational basis for the metabolic modulation of 5-fluorouracil by leucovorin and interferon alpha. Br J Hematol 1991; 19(Suppl 1)52–55
   Google Scholar
• Chu E, Zinn S, Boarman D, et al. Interaction of gamma-interferon and 5-fluorouracil in the H630 human colon carcinoma cell line. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 5834–5840
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grem J L, Chu E, Boarman D, et al. Biochemical modulation of fluorouracil with leucovorin and interferon: Preclinical and clinical investigations. Semin Oncol 1992; 19(Suppl 3)36–44
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Quan W DY, Jr, Madajewicz S, Skeel R T. Phase I trial of ALF: Alpha interferon, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil in advanced cancer. Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol 1991; 10: 479A, abstract
   Google Scholar
• Oken M M, Creech R H, Tomey D C, et al. Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Clin Oncol (CCT) 1982; 5: 649–655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters G J, van Groenigen C J, van der Wilt C L, et al. Time course of inhibition of thymidylate synthetase in patients treated with fluorouracil and leucovorin. Semin Oncol 1992; 19(Suppl 3)26–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Punt C JA, de Mulder P HM, Burghouts J TM, Wagener D Jt, et al. Alpha-interferon in combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in metastasis colorectal cancer: A phase I study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992; 29: 326–328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadler S, Goldman M, Lyver A, Wiernik P H. Phase I trial of 5-fluorouracil and recombinant alpha-2a-interferon in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 2056–2059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schering Corporation: Intron A. Physician's Desk Reference, 45th ed. Medical Economic Data, Oradell, NJ 1991; 1998–2002
   Google Scholar
• Roche Laboratories: Roferon A. Physician's Desk Reference, 45th ed. Medical Economic Data, Oradell, NJ 1991
   Google Scholar
• Grem J L, McAtee N, Murphy R F, et al. A pilot study of interferon alfa-2a in combination with fluorouracil plus high-dose leucovorin in metastatic gastrointestinal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 1991; 9: 1811–1820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bukowski R M, Inoshita G, Yalavarthi P, et al. A phase I trial of 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, and alpha-2a-interferon in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 1992; 69: 889–892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor C W, Modiano M R, Woodson M E, et al. A phase I trial of fluorouracil. leucovorin. and recombinant interferon alpha-2b in patients with advanced malignancy. Semin Oncol 1992; 19(Suppl 3)185–190
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kreuser E D, Hilgenfeld R U, Matthias M, et al. A phase I trial of interferon alpha-2b with folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil administered by 4-hour infusion in metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Semin Oncol 1992; 19(Suppl 3)197–203
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bernhard H, Klein O, Meyer zum Buschenfelde K, Knuth A. Treatment of refractory colorectal carcinomas with fluorouracil, folinic acid, and interferon alfa-2a. Semin Oncol 1992; 19(Suppl 3)204–207
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Punt C JA, de Mulder P HM, Burghouts J TM, Wagener D JT. Alpha-interferon in combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in metastatic colorectal cancer: A phase I study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992; 29: 326–328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmoll H J, Kohne-Wompner C H, Hiddemann W, et al. Interferon alpha-2b, 5-fluorouracil, and folinic acid combination therapy in advanced colorectal cancer: Preliminary results of a phase I/II trial. Semin Oncol 1992; 19(Suppl 3)191–196
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Labianca R, Pancera G, Tedeschi L, et al. High dose alpha-2b interferon + folinic acid in the modulation of 5-fluorouracil. A Phase II study in advanced colorectal cancer with evidence of an unfavorable cost/benefit ratio. Tumori 1992; 78: 32–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stolfi R L, Martin D S. Modulation of chemotherapeutic drug activity with polyribonucleotides or with interferon. J Biol Response Mod 1985; 4: 634–639
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ligo M, Chapekar M S, Glazer R I. Synergistic antitumor effect of fluoropyrimidines + polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid against L1210 leukemia. Cancer Res 1985; 45: 4039–4042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuller J, Czejka M J, Schernthaner G, et al. Influence of interferon alfa-2b with or without folinic acid on pharmacokinetics of fluorouracil. Semin Oncol 1992; 19(Suppl 3)93–97
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reiter Z, Ozes O M, Blatt L M, Taylor M W. A dual anti-tumor effect of a combination of interferon-alpha or interleukin-2 and 5-fluorouracil on natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1992; 62: 103–111
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cramer D V, Harnaha J B, Herberman R. The use of 5-fluorouracil to enhance natural killer activity in rat bone marrow. Transplant Proc 1989; 21: 3275–3276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elias L, Crissman H A. Interferon effects upon the adenocarcinoma 38 and HL-60 cell lines: Antiproliferative responses and synergistic interactions with halogenated pyrimidine antimetabolites. Cancer Res 1988; 48: 4868–4873
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gewert D R, Shah S, Clemens M J. Inhibition of cell division by interferons: Changes in the transport and intracellular metabolism in human lymphoblastoid (Daudi) cells. Eur J Biochem 1981; 116: 487–492
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gewert D R, Moore G, Clemens M J. Inhibition of cell division by interferons. The relationship between changes in utilization of thymidine for DNA synthesis and control of proliferation in Daudi cells. Biochem J 1983; 214: 983–990
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livingston R B, Carter S K. Single Agents in Cancer Chemotherapy. IFI Plenium, New York 1970; 195–226
   Google Scholar
• Spiers A SD, Kasimis B S, Janis M G. High-dose intravenous infusions of 5-fluorouracil for refractory solid tumors—The Hi-FU regimen. Clin Oncol 1980; 6: 63–69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faulkner S L, Adkins B A, Jr, Reynolds V H. Chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma and alveolar cell carcinoma of the lung. Ann Thorac Surg 1974; 18: 578–583
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobs E M, Reeves W J, Jr, Wood D A, et al. Treatment of cancer with weekly intravenous 5-fluorouracil. Study by the Western Cooperative Chemotherapy Group (WCCCG). Cancer 1971; 27: 1302–1305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selawry O S. Monochemotherapy of bronchogenic carcinoma with special reference to cell type. Cancer Chemother Rep Part 3 1973; 4: 177–178
   Google Scholar
• Ahmann D L, Moertel C G, Bisel H F, et al. A controlled evaluation of 5-fluorouracil utilizing a single injection technique. Oncology 1974; 29: 166–171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brugarolas A, Rivas A, Lacave A J, et al. 5-Fluorouracil (NSC-19893) compared to cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) in bronchogenic carcinoma: Results of a clinical study. Cancer Chemother Rep Part 1 1975; 59: 1025–1026
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Citron M L, Modeas C, Propert K, et al. Phase II trial of high-dose 24-hour continuous intravenous 5-fluorouracil for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A Cancer and Leukemia Group B study. Cancer Invest 1992; 10: 215–219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohe Y, Shinkai T, Eguchi K, et al. Negative phase II study of 5-fluorouracil with high-dose leucovorin in non-small cell lung cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 1990; 20: 364–368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans W K, Wierzbicki R, Shepherd F A, et al. 5-fluorouracil with folinic acid is not effective against metastatic adenocarci-noma of the lung. Cancer Invest 1990; 8: 345–349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar