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Original Article

Ergonomic Problems with the Hawksley Random Zero Sphygmomanometer and their Effect on Recorded Blood Pressure Levels

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Pages 227-233 | Received 08 Mar 1996, Accepted 20 Mar 1996, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Garrow JS. Zero-muddler for unprejudiced sphygmomanometry. Lancet 1963; iv: 1205
  • Evans JG, Prior I AM. Experience with the random-zero sphygmomanometer. Br J Prev Soc Med 1970; 24: 10–15
  • Kronmal RA, Rutan GH, Borhani NO, Manolio TA, Furberg CD. Potential problems with random zero sphygmomanometer. Lancet 1990; 335: 360
  • O'Brien E, Mee F, Atkins N, O'Malley K. Inaccuracy of the Hawksley random zero sphygmomanometer. Lancet 1990; 336: 1465–8
  • Shelley E, Daly L, Graham I. The Kilkenny Health Project: a community and demonstration cardiovascular health programme. Ir J Med Sci 1991; 160: 10–6
  • Kinirons MT, Maskrey VL, Lawson M, Swift CG, Jackson SH. Hawksley random zero sphygmomanometer versus the standard sphygmomanometer: an investigation of mechanisms. J Hum Hypertens 1995; 9: 571–3
  • Kronmal RA, Rutan GH, Manolio TA, Borhani NO. Properties of the random zero sphygmomanometer. Hypertension 1993; 21: 632–7
  • Birkett NJ. Potential problems with the random zero sphygmomanometer. Hypertension 1994; 23: 254–7
  • Conroy RM, O'Brien E, O'Malley K, Atkins N. Measurement error in the Hawksley random zero sphygmomanometer: what damage has been done and what can we learn?. BMJ 1993; 306: 1319–22

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