Nystagmus

References

• Troost B T. Nystagmus. American Academy of Neurology, annual course in Neuro-ophthalmology. Dallas 1985
   Google Scholar
• Walsh F B, Hoyt W F. Nystagmus. Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology (ed 3), F B Walsh, WF Hoyt. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 1969; Vol 1: 270–292
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe J A, Fletcher W A. Saccadic intrusions and oscillations. Can J Neurol Sci 1984; 11: 426–433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bender M B. Oscillopsia. Arch Neurol 1965; 13: 204–213
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leigh R J, Zee D S. The Saccadic system. The Neurology of Eye Movements, R J Leigh, DS Zee. FA Davis, Philadelphia 1983; 39–68
   Google Scholar
• Davis D G, Smith J L. Periodic alternating nystagmus. A report of eight cases. Am J Ophthalmol 1971; 72: 757–762
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoyt W F, Keane J R. Superior oblique myokymia. Report and discussion on five cases of benign intermittent uniocular microtremor. Arch Ophthalmol 1970; 84: 461–467
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dell'Osso L F, Schmidt D, Daroff R B. Latent, manifest latent, and congenital nystagmus. Arch Ophthalmol 1979; 97: 1877–1885
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cogan D G. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia, typical and atypical. Arch Ophthalmol 1970; 84: 583–589
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brandt T, Daroff R B. The multisensory physiological and pathological vertigo syndromes. Ann Neurol 1980; 7: 195–203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norton E D, Cogan D G. Spasmus nutans. A clinical study of twenty cases followed two years or more since onset. Arch Ophthalmol 1954; 52: 442–446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gresty M, Page N, Barratt H. The differential diagnosis of congenital nystagmus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984; 47: 936–942
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benton J W, Nellhaus G, Huttenlocher P R. The bobble-head doll syndrome. Report of a unique truncal tremor associated with third ventricular cyst and hydrocephalus. Neurology 1966; 16: 725–729
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennard C, Barger G, Hoyt W F. The association of periodic alternating nystagmus with periodic alternating gaze. A case report. J Clin Neuro-ophthalmol 1981; 1: 191–193
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hood J D, Kayan A, Leech J. Rebound nystagmus. Brain 1973; 96: 507–526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox T A, Corbett J J, Thompson H S. Upbeat nystagmus changing to downbeat nystagmus with convergence. Neurology 1981; 31: 891–892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halmagyi G M, Gresty M A, Leech J. Reversed optokinetic nystagmus (OKN): Mechanism and clinical significance. Ann Neurol 1980; 7: 429–435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baloh R W, Furman J M, Yee R D. Dorsal midbrain syndrome: Clinical and oculographic findings. Neurology 1985; 35: 54–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frisén L. A nystagmus lazy dog. Neuro-ophthalmology Now!, JL Smith. Field, Rich and Associates, New York 1986; 245–248
   Google Scholar
• Burde R M, Savino P J, Trobe J D. Nystagmus and other periodic eye movement disorders. Clinical Decisions in Neuro-ophthalmology, R M Burde, P J Savino, JD Trobe. CV Mosby, St Louis 1985; 197–220
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Osso L F, Daroff R B. Congenital nystagmus waveforms and foveation strategy. Doc Ophthalmol 1975; 39: 155–182
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shibasaki H, Yamashita Y, Motomura S. Suppression of congenital nystagmus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1978; 41: 1078–1083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carl J R, Optican L M, Chu F C. Head shaking and vestibulo-ocular reflex in congenital nystagmus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1985; 26: 1043–1050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yee R D, Baloh R W, Honrubia V. A study of congenital nystagmus: Vestibular nystagmus. J Otolaryngol 1981; 10: 89–98
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dell'Osso L F, Flynn J T, Daroff R B. Hereditary congenital nystagmus. An intrafamilial study. Arch Ophthalmol 1974; 92: 366–374
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lo C Y. Brain computed tomographic evaluation of concommitant strabismus and congenital nystagmus. Acta:24th International Congress of Ophthalmology, Vol 2, P Hen-Kind. Lippincott, Philadelphia 1983; 924–928
   Google Scholar
• Hoyt C S. The apparently blind infant. Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus: Transactions of the New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology, J Crawford, J Flynn, G Helveston. Raven, New York 1986; 478–488
   Google Scholar
• Hoyt C S. Optic nerve hypoplasia: A changing perspective. Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus: Transactions of the New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology, J Crawford, J Flynn, G Helveston. Raven, New York 1986; 257–264
   Google Scholar
• Krill A E. Albinism. Hereditary Retinal and Choroidal Diseases, vol 2, A E Krill, DB Archer. Harper and Row, Hagerstown, MD 1977; 645–663
   Google Scholar
• Weinstein J M, Gleaton M, Weidner W A. Leber's congenital amaurosis. Relationship of structural CNS anomalies to psychomotor retardation. Arch Neurol 1984; 41: 204–206
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nickel B, Hoyt C S. Leber's congenital amaurosis: Is mental retardation a frequent associated defect. Arch Ophthalmol 1982; 100: 1089–1092
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• O'Connor P S, Tredici T J, Ivan D J. Achromatopsia. Clinical diagnosis and treatment. J Clin Neuro Ophthalmol 1982; 2: 219–226
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith V C, Pokorny J. Cone dysfunction syndromes defined by colour vision. Colour Vision Deficiencies, 5, G Verriest. Adam Hilger, BristolEngland 1980; 69–82
   Google Scholar
• Goodman G, Ripps H, Siegel I M. Cone dysfunction syndromes. Arch Ophthalmol 1963; 70: 214–231
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heckenlively J R, Martin D A, Rosenbaum A L. Loss of electroretinographic oscillatory potentials, optic atrophy, and dysplasia in congenital stationary night blindness. Am J Ophthalmol 1983; 96: 526–534
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr R E. Congenital stationary night blindness. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1974; 72: 448–487
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Price M J, Thompson H S, Judisch G F. Pupillary constriction to darkness. Br J Ophthalmol 1985; 69: 205–211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kestenbaum A. Nouvelle operation de nystagmus. Bull Soc Ophtalmol Fr 1953; 6: 599–602
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anderson J R. Causes and treatment of congenital eccentric nystagmus. Br J Ophthalmol 1953; 37: 267–281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goto N. A study of optic nystagmus by the electro-oculogram. Acta Soc Ophthalmol Jpn 1954; 58: 851–865
   Google Scholar
• Nelson L B, Wagner R S, Harley R D. Congenital nystagmus surgery. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1985; 25: 133–138
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Parks M M. Congenital nystagmus surgery. Am Orthopt J 1973; 23: 35–39
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Economopoulos N K, Damanakis A. Modification of the Kestenbaum operation for correction of nystagmic torticollis and improvement of visual acuity with the use of convergence. Ophthalmic Surg 1985; 16: 309–314
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scott W E, Kraft S P. Surgical treatment of compensatory head position in congenital nystagmus. J. Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1984; 21: 85–95
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flynn J T, Dell'Osso L F. Surgery of congenital nystagmus. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1981; 101: 431–433
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dell'Osso L F, Flynn J T. Congential nystagmus surgery. A quantitative evaluation of the effects. Arch Ophthalmol 1979; 97: 462–469
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dell'Osso L F. Improving visual acuity in congenital nystagmus. Neuro-ophthalmology, Symposium of the University of Miami and the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, vol 7, J L Smith, JS Glaser. CV Mosby, St Louis 1973
   Google Scholar
• Allen E D, Davies P D. Role of contact lenses in the management of congenital nystagmus. Br J Ophthalmol 1983; 67: 834–836
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abadi R V, Carden D, Simpson J. A new treatment for congenital nystagmus. Br. J Ophthalmol 1980; 64: 2–6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gay A J, Newman N, Stroud M H. Vestibular nystagmus in a case of congenital nystagmus. Lancet 1969; 2: 694–695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larmande P, Pautrizel B. Traitement du nystagmus congenital par le 5-hydroxytryptophane. Nouv Presse Med 1981; 38: 3166
   Google Scholar
• Yee R D, Baloh R W, Honrubia V. Effect of baclofen on congenital nystagmus. Functional Basis of Ocular Motility, G Lennerstrand, D S Zee, EL Keller. Pergamon, Oxford 1982
   Google Scholar
• Carlow T J. Medical treatment of nystagmus and ocular motor system disorders. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1986; 26: 251–264
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Windsor C E, Burian H M, Milojevic B. Modification of latent nystagmus. Part 1. Arch Ophthalmol 1968; 80: 657–663
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Windsor C E. Modification of latent nystagmus. Part 2. Arch Ophthalmol 1968; 80: 352–353
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jayalakshmi P, Scott T FM, Tucker S H. Infantile nystagmus: A prospective study of spasmus nutans, congenital nystagmus, and unclassified nystagmus of infancy. J Pediatrics 1970; 77: 177–187
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antony J H, Ouvrier R A, Wise G. Spasmus nutans. A mistaken identity. Arch Neurol 1980; 37: 373–375
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Albright A L, Sclabassi R J, Slamovits T L. Spasmus nutans associated with optic gliomas in infants. J Pediatr 1984; 105: 778–780
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly T W. Optic glioma presenting as spasmus nutans. Pediatrics 1970; 45: 295–296
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koenig S B, Naidich T P, Zaparackas Z. Optic glioma masquerading as spasmus nutans. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1982; 19: 20–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King R A, Nelson L B, Wagner R S. Spasmus nutans. A benign clinical entity. Arch Ophthalmol 1986; 104: 1501–1504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomasovic J A, Nellhaus G, Moe P G. The bobble-head doll syndrome: An early sign of hydrocephalus. Two new cases and a review of the literature. Develop Med Child Neurol 1975; 17: 777–783
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russman B S, Tucker S H, Schut L. Slow tremor and macrocephaly: Expanded version of the bobble-head doll syndrome. J Pediatr 1975; 87: 63–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rush J A, Younge B R, Campbell R J. Optic glioma. Long-term follow-up of 85 histopathologically verified cases. Ophthalmology 1982; 89: 1213–1219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panitch H S, Berg B O. Brain stem tumors of childhood and adolescence. Am J Dis Child 1970; 119: 465–472
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Solomon G E, Chutorian A M. Opsoclonus and occult neuroblastoma. N Engl J Med 1968; 279: 475–477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daroff R B. See-saw nystagmus. Neurology 1965; 15: 874–877
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fein J M, Williams R DB. See-saw nystagmus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1969; 32: 202–207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slatt B, Nykiel F. See-saw nystagmus. Am J Ophthalmol 1964; 58: 1016–1021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lourie H. Seesaw nystagmus. Arch Neurol 1963; 9: 531–533
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Drachman D A. See-saw nystagmus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1966; 29: 356–361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keane J R. Intermittent see-saw eye movements. Report of a patient in coma after hyperextension head injury. Arch Neurol 1978; 35: 173–174
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kommerell G, Schmidt D. Schaukel-nystagmus (see-saw nystagmus) mit bitemporaler hemianopie als folge von Schädelhirntraumen. Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1969; 178: 349–366
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mastaglia F L. See-saw nystagmus: An unusual sign of brain-stem infarction. J Neurol Sci 1974; 22: 439–443
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman C F, Roach E S, Troost B T. See-saw nystagmus associated with Chiari malformation. Arch Neurol 1986; 43: 299–300
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Davis G V, Shock J P. Septo-optic dysplasia associated with see-saw nystagmus. Arch Ophthalmol 1975; 93: 137–139
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Druckman R, Ellis P, Kleinfeld J. See-saw nystagmus. Arch Ophthalmol 1966; 76: 668–675
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zelt R P, Biglan A W. Congenital seesaw nystagmus. J Ped Ophthalmol Strabismus 1985; 22: 13–16
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hedges T R, Hoyt W F. Ocular tilt reaction due to an upper brainstem lesion: Paroxysmal skew deviation, torsion, and oscillation of the eyes with head tilt. Ann Neurol 1982; 11: 537–540
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabinovitch H E, Sharpe J A, Sylvester T O. The ocular tilt reaction. A paroxysmal dyskinesia associated with elliptical nystagmus. Arch Ophthalmol 1977; 95: 1395–1398
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frisen L, Wikkels O C. Post-traumatic seesaw nystagmus abolished by ethanol ingestion. Neurology 1986; 36: 841–844
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zee D S, Yee R D, Cogan D G. Ocular motor abnormalities in hereditary cerebellar ataxia. Brain 1976; 99: 207–234
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondar R L, Sharpe J A, Lewis A J. Rebound nystagmus in olivocerebellar atrophy: A clinicopathological correlation. Ann Neurol 1984; 15: 474–477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamazaki A, Zee D S. Rebound nystagmus: EOG analysis of a case with a floccular tumour. Br J Ophthalmol 1979; 63: 782–786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales-Garcia C, Arriagada C, Cardenas J L. Clinical significance of rebound nystagmus in neuro-otological diagnosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1978; 87: 238–242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilman N, Baloh R W, Tomiyasu U. Primary position upbeat nystagmus. A clinicopathologic study. Neurology 1977; 27: 294–298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher A, Gresty M, Chambers B. Primary position upbeating nystagmus. A variety of central positional nystagmus. Brain 1983; 106: 949–964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakada T, Remler M P. Primary position upbeat nystagmus. Another central vestibular nystagmus. J Clin Neuro Ophthalmol 1981; 1: 185–189
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daroff R B, Troost B T. Upbeat nystagmus. JAMA (letter) 1973; 225: 312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Troost B T, Martinez J, Abel L A. Upbeat nystagmus and internuclear ophthalmoplegia with brainstem glioma. Arch Neurol 1980; 37: 453–456
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pawl R P. Upbeat nystagmus. JAMA (letter) 1973; 226: 565
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes G L, Hafford J, Zimmerman A W. Primary position upbeat nystagmus following meningitis. Ann Ophthalmol 1981; 13: 935–936
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sogg R L, Hoyt W F. Intermittent vertical nystagmus in a father and son. Arch Ophthalmol 1962; 68: 515–517
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sibony P A, Evinger C, Manning K A. Tobacco-induced primary-position upbeat nystagmus. Ann Neurol 1987; 21: 53–58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meienberg O, Hoyt W F. Ocular motor control disorder during the neutral phase of periodic alternating nystagmus. J Neurol 1980; 223: 309–312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karp J S, Rorke L B. Periodic alternating nystagmus. Arch Neurol (letter) 1975; 32: 422–423
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Keane J R. Periodic alternating nystagmus with downward beating nystagmus. A clinicoanatomical case study of multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 1974; 30: 399–402
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Plant G T. Periodic alternating nystagmus in a case of hereditary ataxia and its treatment with baclofen. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry (letter) 1982; 45: 1170–1171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guyer D R, Lessell S. Periodic alternating nystagmus associated with albinism. J Clin Neuro Ophthalmol 1986; 6: 82–85
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell W W. Periodic alternating nystagmus in phenytoin intoxication. Arch Neurol 1980; 37: 178–180
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bosley T M, Cohen D A, Schatz N J. Comparison of metrizamide computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of lesions at the cervicomedullary junction. Neurology 1985; 35: 485–492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halmagyi G M, Rudge P, Gresty M A. Treatment of periodic alternating nystagmus. Ann Neurol 1980; 8: 609–611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larmande P, Larmande A. Actron du baclofene sur le nystagmus alternant periodique. Bull Mem Soc Fr Ophtalmol 1983; 94: 390–393
   Google Scholar
• Larmande P. Baclofen as a treatment for nystagmus. Ann Neurol (letter) 1982; 11: 213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cogan D G. Down-beat nystagmus. Arch Ophthalmol 1968; 80: 757–768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halmagyi G M, Rudge P, Gresty M A. Down-beating nystagmus. A review of 62 cases. Arch Neurol 1983; 40: 777–784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zee D S, Friendlich A R, Robinson D A. The mechanism of downbeat nystagmus. Arch Neurol 1974; 30: 227–237
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baloh R W, Spooner J W. Downbeat nystagmus: A type of central vestibular nystagmus. Neurology 1981; 31: 304–310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spillane J D, Pallis C, Jones A M. Developmental abnormalities in the region of the foramen magnum. Brain 1957; 80: 11–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy W J, Mason L, Hahn J F. Chiari malformation presenting in adults: a surgical experience in 127 cases. Neurosurgery 1983; 12: 377–389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gracia F, Koch J, Aziz N. Downbeat nystagmus as a side effect of lithium carbonate: Case report. J Clin Psychiatry 1985; 46: 292–293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coppeto J R, Monteiro M LR, Lessell S. Downbeat nystagmus. Long-term therapy with moderate-dose lithium carbonate. Arch Neurol 1983; 40: 754–755
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berger J R, Kovacs A G. Downbeat nystagmus with phenytoin. J Clin Neuro Ophthalmol 1982; 2: 209–211
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheeler S D, Ramsay R E, Weiss J. Drug-induced downbeat nystagmus. Ann Neurol (letter) 1982; 12: 227–228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costin J A, Smith J H, Emery S. Alcoholic downbeat nystagmus. Ann Ophthalmol 1980; 12: 1127–1131
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saul R F, Selhorst J B. Downbeat nystagmus with magnesium depletion. Arch Neurol 1981; 38: 650–625
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavin P JM, Traccis S, Dell'Osso L F. Downbeat nystagmus with a pseudocycloid waveform: Improvement with base-out prisms. Ann Neurol 1983; 13: 621–624
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donat J R, Auger R. Familial periodic ataxia. Arch Neurol 1979; 36: 568–569
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Phadke J G, Hern J, Blaiklock C T. Downbeat nystagmus—a false localizing sign due to communicating hydrocephalus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry (letter) 1981; 44: 459
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimizu N, Weinberger J, Yahr M D. Downbeat nystagmus as a sign of brainstem involvement in acute meningoencephalitis. Neurology 1975; 25: 267–270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bixenman W W. Congential hereditary downbeat nystagmus. Can J Ophthalmol 1983; 18: 344–348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spooner J W, Baloh R W. Arnald-Chiari malformation. Improvement in eye movements after surgical treatment. Brain 1981; 104: 51–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senelick R C. Total alleviation of downbeat nystagmus in basilar impression by transoral removal of the odontoid process. J Clin Neuro Ophthalmol 1981; 1: 265–267
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Currie J, Matsuo V, Cogan D G. Treatment of downbeat nystagmus with clonazepam. Ophthalmology 1985; 92: 70, (abstr) (suppl 2)
   Google Scholar
• Magoon E H. Botulinum chemodenervation for strabismus and other disorders. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1985; 25: 149–159
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baloh R W, Konrad H R, Dirks D. Cerebellar-pontine angle tumors. Results of quantitative vestibulo-ocular testing. Arch Neurol 1976; 33: 507–512
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yee R D, Jelks G W, Baloh R W. Uniocular nystagmus in monocular visual loss. Ophthalmology 1979; 86: 511–518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith J L, Flynn J T, Spiro J H. Monocular vertical oscillations of amblyopia. The Heimann-Bielschowsky phenomenon. J Clin Neuro Ophthalmol 1982; 2: 85–91
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aschoff J C, Conrad B, Kornhuber H H. Acquired pendular nystagmus with oscillopsia in multiple sclerosis: A sign of cerebellar nuclei disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1974; 37: 570–577
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gresty M A, Ell J J, Findley L J. Acquired pendular nystagmus: Its characteristics, localizing value and pathophysiology. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1982; 45: 431–439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herishanu Y, Louzoun Z. Trihexyphenidyl treatment of vertical pendular nystagmus. Neurology 1986; 36: 82–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence W H, Lightfoote W E. Continuous vertical pendular eye movements after brain-stem hemorrhage. Neurology 1975; 25: 896–898
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schatz N J. Personal communication 1986
   Google Scholar
• Cogan D G. Dissociated nystagmus with lesions in the posterior fossa. Arch Ophthalmol 1963; 70: 361–368
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith J L, Cogan D G. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia. A review of fifty-eight cases. Arch Ophthalmol 1959; 61: 687–694
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Daroff R B, Hoyt W F, Sanders M D. Gaze-evoked eyelid and ocular nystagmus inhibited by the near reflex: unusual ocular motor phenomena in a lateral medulary syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1968; 31: 362–367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanders M D, Hoyt W F, Daroff R B. Lid nystagmus evoked by ocular convergence: an ocular electromyographic analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1968; 31: 368–371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safran A B, Berney J, Safran E. Convergence-evoked eyelid nystagmus. Am J Ophthalmol 1982; 93: 48–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gay A J, Brodkey J, Miller J E. Convergence retraction nystagmus. An electromyographic study. Arch Ophthalmol 1963; 70: 456–461
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith J L, Zieper I, Gay A J. Nystagmus retractorius. Arch Ophthalmol 1959; 62: 864–867
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ochs A L, Stark L, Hoyt W F. Opposed adducing saccades in convergence-retraction nystagmus. A patient with sylvian aqueduct syndrome. Brain 1979; 102: 497–508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leigh R J, Zee D S. Diagnosis of central disorders of ocular motility. The Neurology of Eye Movements, R J Leigh, DS Zee. FA Davis, Philadelphia 1983; 191–262
   Google Scholar
• Collier J. Nuclear ophthalmoplegia, with especial reference to retraction of the lids and ptosis and to lesions of the posterior commisure. Brain 1927; 50: 488–498
   Google Scholar
• Susac J O, Smith J L, Schatz N J. Superior oblique myokymia. Arch Neurol 1973; 29: 432–434
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kommerell G, Schaubele G. Superior oblique myokymia. An electromyographical analysis. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1980; 100: 504–506
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosenberg M L, Glaser J S. Superior oblique myokymia. Ann Neurol 1983; 13: 667–669
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer E A, Shults W T. Superior oblique myokymia: Preliminary results of surgical treatment. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1984; 21: 96–101
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Susac J O, Hoyt W F, Daroff R B. Clinical spectrum of ocular bobbing. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1970; 33: 771–775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg M L. Spontaneous vertical eye movements in coma. Ann Neurol 1986; 20: 635–637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paty D W, Sherr H. Ocular bobbing in bromism. A case report. Neurology 1972; 22: 526–527
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stark S R, Masucci E F, Kurtzke J F. Ocular dipping. Neurology 1984; 34: 391–393
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ropper A H. Ocular dipping in anoxic coma. Arch Neurol 1981; 38: 297–299
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Keane J R. Pretectal pseudobobbing. Five patients with ‘v’-pattern convergence nystagmus. Arch Neurol 1985; 42: 592–594
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goldberg R T, Jampel R S. Flutterlike oscillations of the eyes in cerebellar disease. Am J Ophthalmol 1963; 55: 1229–1233
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cogan D G. Ocular dysmetria; flutter-like oscillations of the eyes, and opsoclonus. Arch Ophthalmol 1954; 51: 318–335
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Digre K B. Opsoclonus in adults. Report of three cases and review of the literature. Arch Neurol 1986; 43: 1165–1175
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shults W T, Stark L, Hoyt W F. Normal saccadic structure of voluntary nystagmus. Arch Ophthalmol 1977; 95: 1399–1404
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zahn J R. Incidence and characteristics of voluntary nystagmus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1978; 41: 617–623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krohel G, Griffin J F. Voluntary vertical nystagmus. Neurology 1979; 29: 1153–1154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar