Effect of Lactulose on the Composition and Metabolic Activity of the Human Faecal Flora

References

• Agostini L, Down F, Murison J, Wrong OM. Faecal ammonia and pH during laclulose administration in man: comparison with other cathartics. Gut 1972; 13: 859–866
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bass P, Dennis S. The laxative effects of lac-tulose in normal and constipated subjects. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 1981; 3: 23–28, (suppl 1)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benno Y, Endo K, Shiragami N, Sayama K, Mitsuoka T. Effects of raffinose intake on human fecal microflora. Bifidobacteria and Microflora 1987; 6: 59–63
   Google Scholar
• Bircher J, Haemmerli UP, Trabert E, Largiader F, Mocetti T. The mechanism of action of Iac-tulose in portal-systemic encephalopathy. Non-ionic diffusion of ammonia in the canine colon. Revue Europeenne d'Etudes Cliniques et Biologiques 1971; 16: 352–357
   Google Scholar
• Bircher J, Müller J, Guggenheim P, Haemmerli UP. Treatment of chronic portal systemic encephalopathy with lactulose. Lancet 1966; i: 890
   Google Scholar
• Conn HO, Floch MH. Effects of lactulose and Lactobacillus acidophilus on the fecal flora. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1970; 23: 1588–1594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldin BR, Swenson L, Dwyer J, Sexton M, Gorbach SL. Effect of diet and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplements on human fecal bacterial enzymes. Journal of National Cancer Institute 1980; 64: 255–261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grütte FK, Haenel H. Laktose und Laktu-lose in der Säuglingsernahrung. Ernährungsforshung 1968; 13: 285–295
   Google Scholar
• Haenel H, Feldeheim W, Müller-Beuthow W, Ruttloff H. Versuche zur Umstimmung der faekalen Flora des gesunden Erwachsenen. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung I, Originale 1958; 173: 76–96
   Google Scholar
• Hayakawa K, Mizutani T, Wada K, Masai T, Yoshihara I, Mitsuoka T. Effects of soybean oligosaccharides on human faecal flora. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 1990; 3: 293–303
   Google Scholar
• Hidaka H, Eida T, Takizawa T, Tokunaga T, Toshiro Y. Effects of fructooligosac-charides on intestinal flora and human health. Bifidobacteria and Microflora 1986; 5: 37–50
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann K, Bircher J. Veränderungen der bakteriellen Darmbesiedelung nach Laktulosega-ben. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift 1969; 99: 608–609
   Google Scholar
• Ishizaka O. Multi-order Microdiffusion Analysis. Nankodo Co. Ltd, Tokyo 1968; 13–27, (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Ito M, Deguchi Y, Miyamori A, Matsumoto K, Kiuchi H, Matsumoto K, Kobayashi T, Yajima T, Kan T. Effects of administration of galac-tooligosaccharides on the human faecal microflora, stool weight and abdominal sensation. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 1990; 3: 285–292
   Google Scholar
• Kohmoto T, Fukui F, Takaku H, Machida Y, Arai M, Mitsuoka T. Effect of isomalto-oligosac-charides on human fecal flora. Bifidobacteria and Microflora 1988; 6: 61–69
   Google Scholar
• Macfarlane GT, Cummings JH, Allison C. Protein degradation by human intestinal bacteria. Journal of General Microbiology 1986; 132: 1647–1656
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mitsuoka T. Bifidobacteria and their role in human health. Journal of Industrial Microbiology 1990; 6: 263–268
   Google Scholar
• Mitsuoka T, Ohno K, Benno Y, Suzuki K, Nanba K. Die Faekalflora bei Menschen IV. Mitteilung: Vergleich des neu entwickelten Verfah-rens mit den bisherigen üblichen Verfahren zur Darmfloraanalyse. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung I, Originale 1976; A234: 219–233
   Google Scholar
• Mitsuoka T, Sega T, Yamamoto S. Eine ver-besserte Methodik der qualitativen und quantativen Analyse der Darmflora von Menschen und Tieren. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasietenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung I, Originale 1965; A195: 455–469
   Google Scholar
• Montgomery EM, Hudson CS. Relationships between rotatory power and structure in the sugar group XXVII. Synthesis of a new saccharide ketose (lactulose) from lactose. Journal of American Chemical Society 1930; 52: 2101–2106
   Google Scholar
• Petuely F. Bifidusflora bei Flaschenkindern durch bifidogene Substanzen (Bifidusfaktor). Zeitschrift für Kinderheilkunde 1957; 79: 174–179
   Google Scholar
• Petuely F. Über den Bifidusfaktor Laktulose. Bifidobacteria and Microflora 1986; 5: 3–11
   Google Scholar
• Silverman SJ, Andrews AW. ile acids. Comutagenic activity in the Salmonella-mammalian microsome mutagenicity test. Journal of National Cancer Institute 1977; 59: 1557–1559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka R, Takayama H, Morotomi M, Kuroshima T, Ueyama S, Matsumoto K, Kuroda A, Mutai M. Effect of administration of TOS and Bifido-bacterium breve 4006 on the human fecal flora. Bifidobacteria and Microflora 1983; 2: 17–24
   Google Scholar
• Vince A, Killingley M, Wrong OM. Effect of lactulose on ammonia production in a fecal incubation system. Gastroenterology 1978; 74: 544–549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vince A, Zeegen R, Drinkwater JE, O'Grady F. The effect of lactulose on the faecal flora of patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Journal of Medical Microbiology 1974; 7: 163–168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshihara I. Isothermal gas chromato-graphic analysis of putrefactive products in gastrointestinal contents and urine using the same dual column system. Agricultural Biological Chemistry 1981; 45: 1873–1875
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeegen R, Drinkwater JE, Fenton JCB, Vince A, Dawson AM. Some observation on the effects of treatment with lactulose on patients with chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Quarterly Journal of Medicine 1970; 39: 245–263
   Google Scholar