Non-MHC Driven Exacerbation of Experimental Thyroiditis in the Postpartum Period

References

• Weetman A P. The immunology of pregnancy. Thyroid 1999; 9: 643–646
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Confavreux C, Hutchinson M, Hours M M, Cortinovis-Tour-Niaire P, Moreau T. Rate of pregnancy-related relapse in multiple sclerosis. Pregnancy in Multiple Sclerosis Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 1998; 339: 285–291
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson J L, Hughes K A, Smith A G, Nisperos B B, Branchaud A M, Hansen J A. Maternal-fetal disparity in HLA class II alloantigens and the pregnancy-induced amelioration of rheumatoid arthritis. New England Journal of Medicine 1993; 329: 466–471
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe M, Iwatani Y, Kaneda T., et al. Changes in T, B, and NK lymphocyte subsets during and after normal pregnancy. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 1997; 37: 368–377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stagnaro-Green A. Pregnancy and Thyroid Disease. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America 1994; 14: 865–878
   Google Scholar
• Amino N, Miyai K. Postpartum Autoimmune Endocrine Syndromes. Autoimmune Endocrine Disease, T. F. Davies. Wiley, New York 1983; 247–272
   Google Scholar
• Stagnaro-Green A, Roman S H, Cobin R H, El-Harazy E, Wallenstein S, Davies T F. A prospective study of lymphocyte-initiated immunosuppression in normal pregnancy: evidence of a T-cell etiology for postpartum thyroid dysfunction. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1992; 74: 645–653
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthiesen L, Ekerfelt C, Berg G, Ernerudh J. Increased numbers of circulating interferon-gamma- and inter-leukin-4-secreting cells during normal pregnancy. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 1998; 39: 362–367
   Google Scholar
• Shafer-Weaver K A, Corl C M, Sordillo L M. Shifts in bovine CD4+ subpopulations increase T-helper-2 compared with T-helper-1 effector cells during the postpartum period. J. Dairy Sci 1999; 82: 1696–1706
   Google Scholar
• Imaizumi M, Pritsker A, Kita M, Ahmad M, Unger P, Davies T F. Pregnancy and murine thyroiditis: Thyroglobulin immunization leads to fetal loss in specific allogeneic pregnancies. Endocrinology 2001; 142: 823–829
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esquivel P S, Rose N R, Kong Y M. Induction of autoimmunity in good and poor responder mice with mouse thyroglobulin and lipopolysaccharide. J. Exp. Med. 1977; 145: 1250–1263
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose N R, Twarog F J, Crowle A J. Murine thyroiditis: importance of adjuvant and mouse strain for the induction of thyroid lesions. Journal of Immunology 1971; 106: 698–704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson J L, Furst D E, Maloney S., et al. Microchimerism and HLA-compatible relationships of pregnancy in scleroderma. Lancet 1998; 351: 559–562
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon L L, Krco C J, David C S, Kong Y M. Characterization of the in vitro murine T-cell proliferative responses to murine and human thyroglobulins in thyroiditis-susceptible and -resistant mice. Cell Immunol 1985; 94: 243–253
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bernard N F, Ertug F, Margolese H. High incidence of thyroiditis and anti-thyroid autoantibodies in NOD mice. Diabetes 1992; 41: 40–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chronopoulou E, Michalak T I, Carayanniotis G. Autoreactive IgG elicited in mice by the non-dominant but pathogenic thyroglobulin peptide (2495–2511): implications for thyroid autoimmunity. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 1994; 98: 89–94
   Google Scholar
• Annunziato F, Galli G, Romagnani P, Manetti R, Maggi E, Romagnani S. Molecules associated with human Thl orTh2 cells. European Cytokine Networks 1998; 9: 12–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens T L, Bossie A, Sanders V. M., et al. Regulation of antibody isotype secretion by subsets of antigen-specific helper T cells. Nature 1988; 334: 255–258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Germann T, Bongartz M, Dlugonska H., et al. Interleukin-12 profoundly up-regulates the synthesis of antigen- specific complement-fixing IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 antibody subclasses in vivo. Eur. J. Immunol. 1995; 25: 823–829
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luster A. D. Chemokines-chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation. New England Journal of Medicine 1998; 338: 436–445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies T F. The thyroid immunology of the postpartum period. Thyroid 1999; 9: 675–684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhnert M, Strohmeier R, Stegmuler M, Halberstadt E. Changes in lymphocyte subsets during normal pregnancy. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1998; 76: 147–151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raghupathy R. Thl - type immunity is incompatible with successful pregnancy. Immunology Today 1997; 10: 478–482
   Google Scholar
• Liblau R S, Singer S M, McDevitt H O. Thl and Th2 CD4+ T cells in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Immunol. Today 1995; 16: 34–38
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heuer M, Aust G, Ode-Hakim S, Scherbaum W A. Different cytokine mRNA profiles in Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and nonautoimmune thyroid disorders determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Thyroid 1996; 6: 97–106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisfalen M E, Palmer E M, Van Seventer G A, et al. Thyrotro-pin-receptor and thyroid peroxidase-specific T cell clones and their cytokine profile in autoimmune thyroid disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab 1997; 82: 3655–3663
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mariotti S, del Prete G F, Mastromauro C., et al. The autoimmune infiltrate of Basedow's disease: analysis of clonal level and comparison with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. 1991; 97: 139–146
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ajjan R A, Watson P F, McIntosh R S, Weetman A P. Intrathy-roidal cytokine gene expression in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 1996; 105: 523–528
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang H, Sharp G C, Peterson K P, Braley-Mullen H. IFN-gamma-deficient mice develop severe granulomatous experimental autoimmune thyroiditis with eosinophil infiltration in thyroids. J. Immunol. 1998; 160: 5105–5112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo J, Rapoport B, McLachlan S M. Balance of Thl/Th2 cytokines in thyroid autoantibody synthesis in vitro. Autoimmunity 1999; 30: 1–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMurray R W, Sharp G C, Braley-Mullen H. Intrathyroidal cell phenotype in murine lymphocytic and granulomatous experimental autoimmune thyroiditis. Autoimmunity 1994; 18: 93–102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baggiolini M. Chemokines and leukocyte traffic. Nature 1998; 392: 565–568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rollins B J. Chemokines. Blood 1997; 90: 909–928
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loetscher P, Uguccioni M, Bordoli L., et al. CCR5 is characteristic of Thl lymphocytes. Nature 1998; 391: 344–345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murai M, Yoneyama H, Harada A., et al. Active participation of CCR5(+)CD8(+) T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of liver injury in graft-versus-host disease. J. Clin. Invest 1999; 104: 49–57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsieh T, Pao C, Hor J, Kao S. Presence of fetal cells in the maternal circulation. Hum. Genet. 1993; 92: 204–209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bianchi D W, Zickwolf G K, Weil G J, Sylvester S, De Maria M A. Male fetal progenitor cells persist in maternal blood for as long as 27 years postpartum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1996; 93: 705–708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonney E A, Matzinger P. The maternal immune system's interaction with circulating fetal cells. J. Immunol. 1997; 158: 40–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans P C, Lambert N, Maloney S, Furst D E, Moore J M, Nelson J L. Long-term fetal microchimerism in peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets in healthy women and women with scleroderma. Blood 1999; 93: 2033–2037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar