Failure to detect anti-idiotypic antibodies in the autoimmune response to IA-2 in Type 1 diabetes

References

• Weenink, S. M., and M. R. Christie. 2005. Autoantibodies and autoimmunity: molecular mechanisms in health and disease. In Autoantibodies in Diabetes, Chap 15. M. Pollard, ed. VCH Verlag GmbH & Co: Weinheim. p. 321–349
   Google Scholar
• Christie, M. R., U. Roll, M. A. Payton, E. C. Hatfield, and A.G. Ziegler. 1997. Validity of screening for individuals at risk for Type 1 diabetes by combined analysis of antibodies to recombinant proteins. Diabetes Care. 20: 965–970
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, A. J. K., P. J. Bingley, E. Bonifacio, J. P. Palmer, and E. A. M. Gale. 1997. A novel micro-assay for insulin autoantibodies. J Autoimmun. 10: 473–478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wenzlau, J. M., K. Juhl, L. Yu, O. Moua, S.A. Sarkar, P. Gottlieb, M. Rewers, et al. 2007. The cation efflux transporter ZnT8 (Slc30A8) is a major autoantigen in human type 1 diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 104: 17040–17045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bingley, P. J., A. J. Williams, P. G. Colman, S. A. Gellert, G. Eisenbarth, L. Yu, L. H. Perdue, et al. 2010. Measurement of islet cell antibodies in the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium: efforts to harmonize procedures among the laboratories. Clinical Trials. 7: S56–S64
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlosser, M., P. W. Mueller, C. Torn, E. Bonifacio, and P. J.Bingley. 2010. Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program: evaluation of assays for insulin autoantibodies. Diabetologia. 53: 2611–2620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, A. J., M. Somerville, S. Rokni, E. Bonifacio, L. Yu, G. Eisenbarth, B. Akolkar, et al. 2009. Azide and Tween-20 reduce binding to autoantibody epitopes of islet antigen-2; Implications for assay performance and reproducibility. J Immunol Methods 351: 75–79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hampe, C. S. 2012. Protective role of anti-idiotypic antibodies in autoimmunity – Lessons for type 1 diabetes. Autoimmunity. 45: 320–331
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oak, S., L. K. Gilliam, M. Landin-Olsson, C. Torn, I. Kockum, C. R. Pennington, M. J. Rowley, et al. 2008. The lack of anti-idiotypic antibodies, not the presence of the corresponding autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase, defines type 1 diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 105: 5471–5476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortqvist, E., B. Brooks-Worrell, K. Lynch, J. Radtke, L. M. Bekris, I. Kockum, C. D. Agardh, et al. 2010. Changes in GAD65Ab-specific antiidiotypic antibody levels correlate with the changes in C-peptide levels and progression to islet cell autoimmunity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 95: E310–E318
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, T. J., and M. R. Christie. 1993. Detection of a serum factor that blocks autoantibody binding to glutamate decarboxylase. Diabetologia. 36: A92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, T. J. 1994. Autoimmunity to glutamate decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes and other autoimmune disorders. University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
   Google Scholar
• Dromey, J. A., S. M. Weenink, G. H. Peters, J. Endl, P. J. Tighe, I. Todd, M. R. Christie. 2004. Mapping of epitopes for autoantibodies to the Type 1 diabetes autoantigen IA-2 by peptide phage display and molecular modeling: overlap of antibody and T cell determinants. J Immunol. 172: 4084–4090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weenink, S. M., J. Lo, C. R. Stephenson, P. A. McKinney, R. Ananieva-Jordanova, B. Rees Smith, J. Furmaniak, et al. 2009. Autoantibodies and associated T-cell responses to determinants within the 831-860 region of the autoantigen IA-2 in Type 1 diabetes. J Autoimmun. 33: 147–154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolm-Litty, V., S. Berlo, E. Bonifacio, M. Bearzatto, A. M. Engel, M. Christie, A. Z. Ziegler, et al. 2000. Human monoclonal antibodies isolated from Type 1 diabetes patients define multiple epitopes in the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA-2 antigen. J Immunol. 165: 4676–4684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ananieva-Jordanova, R., M. Evans, T. Nakamatsu, L. D. Premawardhana, J. Sanders, M. Powell, S. Chen, et al. 2005. Isolation and characterisation of a human monoclonal autoantibody to the islet cell autoantigen IA-2. J Autoimmun. 24: 337–345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harlow, E., and D. Lane. 1988. Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
   Google Scholar
• Carter, P., R. F. Kelley, M. L. Rodrigues, B. Snedecor, M. Covarrubias, M. D. Velligan, W. L. Wong, et al. 1992. High level Escherichia coli expression and production of a bivalent humanized antibody fragment. Biotechnology. 10: 163–167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatfield, E. C., C. J. Hawkes, M. A. Payton, and M. R. Christie. 1997. Cross reactivity between IA-2 and phogrin/IA-2beta in binding of autoantibodies in IDDM. Diabetologia. 40: 1327–1333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller, N. P. H. 1979. Fc-mediated immune precipitation I. A new role of the Fc-portion of IgG. Immunology. 38: 631–640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silveira, P. A., and S. T. Grey. 2006. B cells in the spotlight: innocent bystanders or major players in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 17: 128–135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pescovitz, M. D., C. J. Greenbaum, H. Krause-Steinrauf, D. J. Becker, S. E. Gitelman, R. Goland, P. A. Gottlieb, et al. 2009. Rituximab, B-Lymphocyte depletion, and preservation of beta-cell function. N Engl J Med. 361: 2143–2152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, T. R., M. Bogdani, R. C. Leboeuf, E. A. Kirk, M. Maziarz, J. P. Banga, S. Oak, et al. 2008. Modulation of diabetes in NOD mice by GAD65-specific monoclonal antibodies is epitope specific and accompanied by anti-idiotypic antibodies. Immunology. 123: 547–554
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar