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Original Article

Kappa/Lambda Ratios In IgG, IgA and IgM of Cerebrospinal Fluid and of Sera in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

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Pages 133-137 | Received 28 Apr 1989, Accepted 19 Jul 1989, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Link H. Immunoglobulin G and low molecular weight proteins in human cerebrospinal fluid. Chemical and immunological characterization with special reference to multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 1967; 43(suppl. 28)1–136
  • Lowenthal A, Van Sande M, Karcher D. The differential diagnosis of neurological diseases by fractioning electrophoretically the CSF gamma-globulins. J Neurochem 1960; 6: 51–56
  • Link H, Zetterval O. Multiple sclerosis: disturbed kappa: lambda chain ratio of immunoglobulin G in cerebrospinal fluid. Clin exp Immunol 1970; 6: 435–438
  • Bollengier F, Mahler A, Clinet G, Lowenthal A. Multiple sclerosis: Oligoclonal IgG κ – λ light chain distribution and measles antibodies in brain extracts. Brain Research 1978; 152: 133–144
  • Rose A S, Ellison G W, Myers L W, Tourtellotte W W. Criteria for the clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1976; 26: 20–22
  • Engvall E, Perlmann P. (1972) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA, Part 3 (Quantitation of specific antibodies by enzyme-labeled anti-immunoglobulin in antigen-coated tubes). J Immunol 1972; 109: 129–135
  • Schenck S A, Claman H N. Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. Arch Neurol 1969; 20: 132–139
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  • Mehta P D, Patrick B, Miller J A. Absence of oligoclonal IgA in CSF and serum of multiple sclerosis patients. J Neuroimmunol 1984; 6: 67–69
  • Araga S, Irie H, Takahashi K. Oligoclonal bands staining for IgG, IgA, IgM, and kappa and lambda light chains in cerebrospinalo fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. Jpn J Psychiatr Neurol, in press
  • Brandun S, Skvaril F, Morell A., Back F H, Good R A. Imbalance of the κ/λ ratio of human immunoglobulins. Clinical Immunobiology. Academic Press, New York 1976; 57–69
  • Rudick R A, Pallant A, Bidlack J M, Herndon R M. Free kappa light chains in multiple sclerosis spinal fluid. Ann Neurol 1986; 20: 63–69

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