References
- Powell MB, Mitchell D, Lederman J, Buckmeier J, Zamvil SS, Graham M, Ruddle NH, Steinman L. Lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by myelin basic protein-specific T cell clones correlates with encephalito-genicity. Intnt'l Immunol 1990; 2: 539–544
- Ruddle NH, Bergman CM, McGrath KM, Lingenheld EG, Grunnet ML, Padula SJ, Clark RB. An antibody to lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor prevents transfer of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med 1990; 172: 1191–1200
- Ando DG, Clayton J, Kono D, Urban JL, Sercarz EE. Encephalitogenic T cells in the B10. PL model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) are of the Th1 lymphokine subtype. Cell Immunol 1989; 124: 132–143
- Panitch HS, Haley AS, Hirsh RL, Johnson KP. Exacerbation of multiple sclerosis in patients treated with gamma interferon. Lancet 1987; i: 893–894
- Beck J, Rondot P, Catinet L, Falcoff E, Kirchner H, Wietzerbin J. Increased production of interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor precedes clinical manifestation in multiple sclerosis: do cytokines trigger off exacerbations?. Acta Neurol Scand 1988; 78: 318–323
- Merril JE, Strom SR, Ellison GW, Myers LW. In vitro study of mediators of inflammation in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Immunol 1989; 9: 84–96
- Sharief MK, Phil M, Hentges R. Association between tumor necrosis factor-alpha and disease progression in patients with multiple sclerosis. N Eng J Med 1991; 325: 467–472
- Benvenuto R, Paroli M, Buttinelli C, Franco A, Barnaba V, Fieschi C, Balsano F. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha synthesis by cerebrospinal-fluid-derived T cell clones from patients with multiple sclerosis. Clin Exp Med 1991; 84: 97–102
- Brod SA, Benjamin D, Hafler DA. Restricted T cell expression of IL-2/IFN-gamma mRNA in human inflammatory disease. J Immunol 1991; 147: 810–815
- Martin R, Jaraquemada D, Flerlage M, Richert J, Whitaker J, Long EO, McFarlin DE, McFarland HF. Fine specificity and HLA restriction of myelin basic protein specific cytotoxic T cell lines from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy individuals. J Immunol 1990; 145: 540–548
- Ota K, Matsui M, Milford EL, Mackin GA, Weiner HL, Hafler DA. T-cell recognition of an immunodominant myelin basic protein epitope in multiple sclerosis. Nature 1990; 346: 183–185
- Pette M, Fujita K, Kitze B, Whitaker JN, Albert AE, Kappos L, Wekerle H. Myelin basic protein-specific T lymphocyte lines from MS patients and healthy individuals. Neurology 1990; 40: 1770–1776
- Martin R, Utz U, Coligan JE, Richert JR, Flerlage M, Robinson E, Stone R, Biddison WE, McFarlin DE, McFarland HF. Diversity in fine specificity and T cell receptor usage of the human CD4+ cytotoxic T cell response specific for the immunodominant myelin basic protein peptide 87–106. J Immunol 1992; 148: 1359–1366
- Deibler GE, Martenson RE, Kies MW. Large scale preparation of myelin basic protein from central nervous system tissue of several mammalian species. Prep Biochem 1972; 2: 139–165
- Hu-Li J, Ohara J, Watson C, Tsang W, Paul WE. Derivation of a T cell line that is highly responsive to IL-4 and IL-2 (CT.4R) and of an IL-2 hyporesponsive mutant of that line (CT.4S). J Immunol 1989; 142: 800–807
- Olsson T, Wei Zhi W., Hojeberg B, Kostulas V, Yu-Ping J, Anderson G, Ekre H, Link H. Autoreactive T lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis determined by antigen-induced secretion of imerferon-gamma. J Clin Invest 1990; 86: 981–985
- Sun J, Link H, Olsson T, Xiao B, Andersson G, Ekre H, Linington C, Diener P. T and B cell responses to myelinoligodendrocyte glycoprotein in multiple sclerosis. J Immunol 1991; 146: 1490–1495
- Traugott U, Lebon P. interferon-gamma and la antigens are present on astrocytes in active chronic multiple sclerosis lesions. J Neuroimmunol 1988; 84: 257–264
- Murray HW, Scaruzzo D, Jacobs J. In vitro and in vivo activation of human mononuclear phagocytes by interferon-gamma. J Immunol 1987; 138: 2457–2462
- Benveniste EN, Sparacio SM, Bethea JR. Tumor necrosis factor enhances interferon-gamma-mediated class 11 antigen expression on astrocytes. J Neuroimmunol 1989; 25: 209–219
- Selmaj K, Raine CS, Cannella B, Brosnan C. Identification of lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor in multiple sclerosis lesions. J Clin Invest 1991; 87: 949–954
- Pober JS, Lapiere LA, Stolpen AH, Brock TA, Springer TA, Fiers W, Bevilasqua MP, Mendrich DL, Gimbrone M. Activation of cultured endothelial cells by recombinant lymphotoxin; comparison with tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 species. J Immunol 1987; 138: 3319–3324
- Tite JP. Evidence of a role for TNF-alpha in cytolysis by CD4+ class II MHC-restricted cytotoxic T cells. Immunol 1990; 71: 208–212
- Paul NL, Ruddle NH. Lymphotoxin. Ann Rev Immunol 1988; 6: 407–438
- Selmaj K, Raine CS. Tumor necrosis factor mediates myelin and oiigodendrocyte damage in vitro. Ann Neurol 1988; 23: 339–346
- Selmaj K, Raine CS, Cross A. Anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy abrogates autoimmune demyelination. Ann Neurol 1991; 30: 694–700
- Cherwinski H, Schumacher J, Brown K, Mosmann T. Two types of mouse helper T cell clones. 111. Further differences in lymphokine synthesis between Thl and Th2 clones revealed by RNA hybridization, functionally nonspecific bioassays, and monoclonal antibodies. J Exp Med 1987; 166: 1229–1244
- Mosmann TR, Coffman RL. Th1 and Th2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties. Annu Rev. Immunol 1989; 7: 145–173
- Voskuhl RR, Martin R, McFarland HF. A functional basis for the association of HLA class II genes and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis: cellular immune responses to myelin basic protein in a multiplex family. J Neuroimmunol 1993; 42: 199–208