Glycosylated Ectodomain of the Human Thyrotropin Receptor Induces Antibodies Capable of Reacting with Multiple Blocking Antibody Epitopes

References

• Seetharamaiah G. S., Desai R. K., Dallas J. S., Tahara K., Kohn L. D., Prabhakar B. S. Induction of TSH binding inhibitory immunoglobulins with the extracellular domain of human thyrotropin receptor produced using baculovirus expression system. Autoimmunity 1993; 14: 315–320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seetharamaiah G. S., Dallas J. S., Patibandla S. A., Thotakura N. R., Prabhakar B. S. Requirement of glycosylation of the human thyrotropin receptor ectodomain for its reactivity with autoantibodies in patients' sera. J. Immunol. 1997; 158: 2798–2804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagayama Y., Rapoport B. The thyrotropin receptor 25 years after its discovery: new insight after its molecular cloning. Mol. Endoerinol. 1992; 6: 145–156
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vassart G., Dumont J. E. The thyrotropin receptor and the regulation of the thyrocyte function and growth. Endocrine Rev. 1992; 13: 61–76
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohn L. D., Shimura H., Shimura Y., Hidaka A., Giuliani C., Napolitano G., Ohmori M., Laglia G., Saji M. The thyrotropin receptor. Vitamins and Hormones 1995; 50: 287–384
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Russo D., Chazenbalk G. D., Nagayama Y., Wadsworth H. L., Rapoport B. Site-directed mutagenesis of the human thyrotropin receptor: Role of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides in the expression of a functional receptor. Molecular Endocrinol. 1991; 5: 29–33
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chazenbalk G. D., Rapoport B. Expression of the extracellular domain of the thyrotropin receptor in the baculovirus system using a promoter active earlier than the polyhedrin promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 1995; 270: 1543–1549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapoport B., McLachlan S. M., Kakinuma A., Chazenbalk G. D. Critical relationship between autoanti-body recognition and thyrotropin receptor maturation as reflected in the acquisition of complex carbohydrate. J. Clin. Endoerinol. Metab. 1996; 81: 2525–2533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas J. S., Desai R. K., Cunningham S. J., Morris J. C., Seetharamaiah G. S., Wagle N., Goldblum R. M., Prabhakar B. S. Thyrotropin (TSH) interacts with multiple discrete regions of the TSH receptors: polyclonal rabbit antibodies to one of more of these regions can inhibit TSH binding and function. Endoerinol. 1994; 134: 1437–1445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagle N. M., Dallas J. S., Seetharamaiah G. S., Fan J. L., Desai R. K., Memar O., Rajaraman S., Prabhakar B. S. Induction of hyperthyroxincmia in BALB/C but not in several strains of mice. Autoimmunity 1994; 18: 103–112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harfst E., Ross M. S., Nussey S. S., Johnstone A. P. Production of antibodies to the human thyrotropin receptor and their use in characterising eukaryotically expressed functional receptor. Mol. Cell. Endoerinol. 1994; 102: 77–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costagliola S., Many M. C., Stalmans-Falys M., Tonaceheru M., Vassart G., Ludgate M. Recombinant thyrotropin receptor and the induction of autoimmune thyroid disease in BALB/c mice: a new animal model. Endoerinol. 1994; 135: 2150–2159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris J. C., Bergert E. R., McCormick D. J. Structure-function studies of the human thyrotropin receptor: inhibition of binding of labeled thytropin (TSH) by synthetic human thyrotropin receptor peptides. J. Biol. Chem. 1993; 268: 10900–10905
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seetharamaiah G. S., Wagle N. M., Morris J. C., Prabhakar B. S. Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the human thyrotropin (TSH) receptor: Antibodies can bind to discrete conformational or linear epitopes and block TSH binding. Endoerinol. 1995; 136: 2817–2824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowry O. H., Rosebroughm N. J., Far A. L., Randall R. J. Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 1951; 193: 265–275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tahara K., Ban T., Minegishi T., Kohn L. D. Immunoglobulins from Graves' disease patients interact with different sites on TSH receptor/LH-CC receptor chimeras than either TSH or immunoglobulins from idiopathic myxedema patients. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1991; 179: 70–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim W. B., Cho B. Y., Park H. Y., Park, Lee H. K., Kohn L. D., Takahara K., Koh C. S. Epitopes for thyroid stimulating antibodies in Graves' sera: a possible link of heterogeneity to differences in response to antithyroid drug treatment. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1996; 81: 1758–1767
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas J. S., Cunningham S. J., Patibandla S. A., Seetharamaiah G. S., Morris J. C., Tahara K., Kohn L. D., Prabhakar B. S. Thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TSHrAb) can inhibit TSH-mediated cAMP production in thyroid cells by either blocking TSH binding or a step subsequent to TSH binding. Endocrinol. 1996; 137: 3329–3339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Memar O., Christensen B., Rajaraman S., Goldblum R., Tyring S. K., Brysk M. M., McCormick D. J., El Zaim H., Fan J. L., Prabhakar B. S. Induction of blister-causing antibodies by a recombinant full-length, but not the extracellular domain of the pemphigus valgaris antigen (desmoglein 3). J. Immunol. 1996; 157: 3171–3177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carayanniotis G., Huang G. C., Nicholson L. B., Scott T., Allain P., McGregor A. L., Banga J. P. Unaltered thyroid function in mice responding to a highly immunogenic thyrotropin receptor: implications for the establishment of a mouse model for Graves' disease. Clin. Exp. Immunol 1995; 99: 294–302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vlase H., Nakashima M., Graves P. N., Tomer Y., Morris J. C., Davies T. F. Defining major antibody epitopes on the human thyrotropin receptor in immunized mice: evidence for intramolecular spreading. Endocrinol 1995; 136: 4415–4423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgenthaler M. G., Tramble J., Huang G., Scherbaum W. A., McGregor A. M., Banga J. P. Binding of anlithyrotropin receptor autoantibodies in Graves' disease serum to nascent, in vitro translated thyrotropin receptor: ability to map epitopes recognized by antibodies. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1996; 81: 700–706
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang G. C., Page M. J., Nicholson L. B., Collison K. S., McGregor A. M., Banga J. P. The thyrotropin hormone receptor of Graves' disease: overexpression of the extracellular domain in insect cells using recombinant baculovirus, immunoaffinity purification and analysis of autoantibody binding. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 1993; 10: 127–142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vlase H., Graves P. N., Magnusson R. P., Davies T. F. Human autoantibodies to the thyrotropin receptor: recognition of linear, folded, and glycosylated recombinant extracellular domain. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1995; 80: 46–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagayama Y., Russo D., Wadsworth H. L., Chazenbalk G. D., Rapoport B. Eleven amino acids (lys-201 to lys-211) and 9 amino acids (gly-222 to leu-230) in the human thyrotropin receptor are involved in ligand binding. J. Biol. Chem. 1990; 266: 14926–14930
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosugi S., Ban T., Akamizu T., Kohn L. D. Identification of separate determinants on the thyrotropin receptor reactive with Greave's thyroid simulating antibodies and with thyroid-simulating blocking antibodies in idiopathic myxedema: these determinants have nonhomologus sequence on gonadotropin receptors. Mol. Endocrinol. 1992; 6: 168–180
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kosugi S., Ban T., Akamizu T., Kohn L. D. Site-directed mulagenesis of a portion of the extracellular domain of the rat thyrotropin receptor important in autoimmune thyroid disease and nonhomologous with gonadotropin receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 1991; 266: 19413–19418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohmori M., Endo T., Onaya T. Development of chicken antibodies toward the human thyrotropin receptor peptides and their bioactivities. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1991; 174: 399–403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakata S., Ogawa T., Matsui I., Manshouri T., Attassi M. Z. Biological activities of rabbit antibodies against synthetic human thytropin receptor peptides representing thytropin binding regions. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1992; 182: 1369–1375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami M., Miyashita K., Mizuma H., Yamada M., Iriuchita K., Takeuchi T., Mori M. Discrete characteristics of antibodies raised against thyrotropin receptor-related peptides whose sequences are not conserved in the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1996; 81: 1747–1752
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atassi M. Z., Manshouri T., Sakata S. Localization and synthesis of the hormone-binding regions of the human thyrotropin receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1991; 88: 3613–3617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Endo T., Ohmori M., Ikeda M., Onaya T. Thyroid stimulating activity of rabbit antibodies toward the human thyrotropin receptor peptide. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1991; 177: 145–150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mori T., Sugawa H., Piraphatdist T., Inoue D., Enomoto T., Imura H. A synthetic oligopeptide derived from human thyrotropin receptor sequence binds to Graves' immunoglobulin and inhibits thyroid stimulating antibody activity but lacks interaction with TSH. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1991; 178: 165–172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohmori M., Endo T., Ikeda M., Onaya T. Role of N-terminal region of the thyrotropin (TSH) receptor in signal transduction for TSH or thyroid stimulating antibody. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1991; 178: 733–738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Endo T., Ohmori M., Ikeda M., Kotani S., Onaya T. Rabbit antibodies against two different extracellular domains of human thyrotropin receptor possess thyroid stimulating activities. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1991; 179: 1548–1553
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Endo T., Ohmori M., Ikeda M., Onaya T. Rabbit antibodies toward extracellular loops of the membrane spanning region of human thyrotropin receptor possess thyroid stimulating activities. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1991; 181: 1035–1041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirooka Y., Mitsuma T., Nogimori T., Ishizuki Y., Sakai J., Sugie I., Naruse M., Fukayama M. Generation of bioactive rabbit antibodies against the exracellular domains of human thyrotropin receptor peptides and detection of hypertriiodothyroninaemia in the rabbit. Med. Sci. Res. 1992; 20: 639–640
   Google Scholar
• Morris J. C., Gibson J. L., Haas S. J., Bergert E. R., Dallas J. S., Prabhakar B. S. Identification of epitopes and affinity purification of thyroid stimulating autoantibodies using synthetic human TSH receptor peptides. Autoimmunity 1994; 17: 287–299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar