103
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Magnesium Sulfate Does Not Protect Spinal Cord Against Ischemic Injury

, MD, , MD, , MD, , MD, , MD & , MD
Pages 250-256 | Received 11 Mar 2011, Accepted 17 May 2011, Published online: 02 Nov 2011

REFERENCES

  • Kahn RA, Stone ME, Moskowitz DM. Anesthetic consideration for descending thoracic aortic aneurysm repair. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2007;11:205–223.
  • Richards JM, Hayward I, Moores C, Successful management of both early and delayed-onset neurological deficit following extent II thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2008;35:593–595.
  • Liu D, Thangnipon W, McAdoo DJ. Excitatory amino acids rise to toxic levels upon impact injury to the rat spinal cord. Brain Res. 1991;547:344–348.
  • Lipton SA, Rosenberg PA. Excitatory amino acids as a final common pathway for neurologic disorders. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:613–622.
  • Parsons JT, Churn SB, DeLorenzo RJ. Ischemia-induced inhibition of calcium uptake into rat brain microsomes mediated by Mg2+/Ca2 +ATPase. J Neurochem. 1997;68:1124–1134.
  • Marinov MB, Harbaugh KS, Hoopes PJ, Neuroprotective effects of preischemia intraarterial magnesium sulfate in reversible focal cerebral ischemia. J Neurosurg. 1996;85:117–124.
  • McDonald JW, Silverstein FS, Johnston MV. Magnesium reduces N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-mediated brain injury in perinatal rats. Neurosci Lett. 1990;109:234–238.
  • Bazargan M, Faghihi M, Chitsaz M. Importance of timing of magnesium administration in the isolated ischemic-reperfused rat heart: role of K(ATP) channels. Physiol Res. 2008;57:839–846.
  • Naik P, Malati T, Ratnakar KS, Cardioprotective effect of magnesium chloride in experimental acute myocardial infarction. Indian J Exp Biol. 1999;37:131–137.
  • Jellish WS, Zhang X, Langen KE, Intrathecal magnesium sulfate administration at the time of experimental ischemia improves neurological functioning by reducing acute and delayed loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Anesthesiology. 2008;108:78–86.
  • Simpson JI, Eide TR, Schiff GA, Intrathecal magnesium sulfate protects the spinal cord from ischemic injury during thoracic aortic cross-clamping. Anesthesiology. 1994;81:1493–1499.
  • Saeki H, Matsumoto M, Kaneko S, Is intrathecal magnesium sulfate safe and protective against ischemic spinal cord injury in rabbits? Anesth Analg. 2004;99:1805–1812.
  • Cina CS, Clase CM. Coagulation disorders and blood product use in patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Transfus Med Rev. 2005;19:143–154.
  • Gertler JP, Cambria RP, Brewster DC, Coagulation changes during thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg. 1996;24:936–943.
  • Taira Y, Marsala M. Effect of proximal arterial perfusion pressure on function, spinal cord blood flow, and histopathologic changes after increasing intervals of aortic occlusion in the rat. Stroke. 1996;27:1850–1858.
  • Muir KW. Magnesium for neuroprotection in ischaemic stroke: rationale for use and evidence of effectiveness. CNS Drugs. 2001;15:921–930.
  • Follis F, Blisard K, Varvitsiotis PS, Competitive NMDA receptor antagonists and spinal-cord ischemia. J Invest Surg. 2000;13:117–121.
  • Coetzee EJ, Dommisse J, Anthony J. A randomised controlled trial of intravenous magnesium sulphate versus placebo in the management of women with severe pre-eclampsia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;105:300–303.
  • Lucas MJ, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. A comparison of magnesium sulfate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:201–205.
  • Zangrillo A, Landoni G, Sparicio D, Perioperative magnesium supplementation to prevent atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery surgery: a randomized controlled study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2005;19:723–728.
  • Iseri LT, French JH. Magnesium: nature's physiologic calcium blocker. Am Heart J. 1984;108:188–193.
  • Harrison NL, Simmonds MA. Quantitative studies on some antagonists of N-methyl D-aspartate in slices of rat cerebral cortex. Br J Pharmacol. 1985;84:381–391.
  • Ault B, Evans RH, Francis AA, Selective depression of excitatory amino acid induced depolarizations by magnesium ions in isolated spinal cord preparations. J Physiol. 1980;307:413–428.
  • Mori H, Masaki H, Yamakura T, Identification by mutagenesis of a Mg(2+)-block site of the NMDA receptor channel. Nature. 1992;358:673–675.
  • Mayer ML, Westbrook GL, Guthrie PB. Voltage-dependent block by Mg2+ of NMDA responses in spinal cord neurones. Nature. 1984;309:261–263.
  • Garcia LA, Dejong SC, Martin SM, Magnesium reduces free radicals in an in vivo coronary occlusion-reperfusion model. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:536–539.
  • McIntosh TK, Vink R, Yamakami I, Magnesium protects against neurological deficit after brain injury. Brain Res. 1989;482:252260.
  • Turley KR, Toledo-Pereyra LH, Kothari RU. Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. J Invest Surg. 2005;18:207–218.
  • Gok B, Okutan O, Beskonakli E, Effects of magnesium sulphate following spinal cord injury in rats. Chin J Physiol. 2007;50:93–97.
  • Lang-Lazdunski L, Heurteaux C, Dupont H, Prevention of ischemic spinal cord injury: comparative effects of magnesium sulfate and riluzole. J Vasc Surg. 2000;32:179–189.
  • Kohno H, Ishida A, Imamaki M, Efficacy and vasodilatory benefit of magnesium prophylaxis for protection against spinal cord ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2007;21:352–359.
  • Suzer T, Coskun E, Islekel H, Neuroprotective effect of magnesium on lipid peroxidation and axonal function after experimental spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 1999;37:480–484.
  • Kaptanoglu E, Beskonakli E, Okutan O, Effect of magnesium sulphate in experimental spinal cord injury: evaluation with ultrastructural findings and early clinical results. J Clin Neurosci. 2003;10:329–334.
  • Kass IS, Cottrell JE, Chambers G. Magnesium and cobalt, not nimodipine, protect neurons against anoxic damage in the rat hippocampal slice. Anesthesiology. 1988;69:710–715.
  • Tsuda T, Kogure K, Nishioka K, Mg2 +administered up to twenty-four hours following reperfusion prevents ischemic damage of the Ca1 neurons in the rat hippocampus. Neuroscience. 1991;44:335–341.
  • Sirin BH, Coskun E, Yilik L, Neuroprotective effects of preischemia subcutaneous magnesium sulfate in transient cerebral ischemia. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1998;14:82–88.
  • Zhu H, Meloni BP, Moore SR, Intravenous administration of magnesium is only neuroprotective following transient global ischemia when present with post-ischemic mild hypothermia. Brain Res. 2004;1014:53–60.
  • Muir KW, Lees KR, Ford I, Magnesium for acute stroke (Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy in Stroke trial): randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;363:439–445.
  • McKee JA, Brewer RP, Macy GE, Analysis of the brain bioavailability of peripherally administered magnesium sulfate: A study in humans with acute brain injury undergoing prolonged induced hypermagnesemia. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:661–666.
  • Levene M, Blennow M, Whitelaw A, Acute effects of two different doses of magnesium sulphate in infants with birth asphyxia. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1995;73:F174–F177.
  • Dube L, Granry JC. The therapeutic use of magnesium in anesthesiology, intensive care and emergency medicine: a review. Can J Anaesth. 2003;50:732–746.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.