Measured removal rates of chrysotile asbestos fibers from air and comparison with theoretical estimates based on gravitational settling and dilution ventilation

References

• ATSDR. (2001). Toxicological profile for asbestos. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
   Google Scholar
• Berman DW. (2010). Comparing milled fiber, Quebec ore, and textile factory dust: has another piece of the asbestos puzzle fallen into place? Crit Rev Toxicol 40:151–88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bragg GM, van Zuiden L, Hermance CE. (1974). The free fall of cylinders at intermediate Reynold’s numbers. Atmos Environ 8:755–64
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brune D, Beltesbrekke H. (1981). Levels of methylmethacrylate, formaldehyde, and asbestos in dental workroom air. Scand J Dent Res 89:113–16
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Burdett G, Stacey PR. (2001). Improved methods for clearance testing and visual assessment of asbestos removal operations. HSL/2001/11, Sheffield, Health and Safety Laboratory
   Google Scholar
• Corn M. (1961a). The adhesion of solid particles to solid surfaces. I. A review. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 11:523–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Corn M. (1961b). The adhesion of solid particles to solid surfaces. II. A review. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 11:566–75
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Corn, M, Stein, F. (1966). Mechanism of dust redispersion. In: Fish BR (ed.). Surface contamination. Gatlinburg, TN: Pergamon Press, Oxford, 45–54
   Google Scholar
• Davis JM, Beckett ST, Bolton RE, et al. (1978). Mass and number of fibres in the pathogenesis of asbestos-related lung disease in rats. Br J Cancer 37:673–88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donovan EP, Donovan BL, Sahmel J, et al. (2011). Evaluation of bystander exposures to asbestos in occupational settings: a review of the literature and application of a simple eddy diffusion model. Crit Rev Toxicol 41:52–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drinker P, Hatch T. (1954). Industrial dust, hygienic significance, measurement, and control. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
   Google Scholar
• Drivas PJ, Valberg PA, Murphy BL, Wilson R. (1996). Modeling indoor air exposure from short-term point source releases. Indoor Air 6:271–7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ERG (Eastern Research Group). (2003a). Report on the expert panel on health effects of asbestos and synthetic vitreous fibers: the influence of fiber length. Prepared for the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Division of Health Assessment and Consultation. 68-C-98-148. March 17, 2003. Lexington, MA: Eastern Research Group
   Google Scholar
• ERG (Eastern Research Group). (2003b). Report on the peer consultation workshop to discuss a proposed protocol to assess asbestos-related risk. Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. May 30, 2003. Lexington, MA: Eastern Research Group
   Google Scholar
• Esmen NA. (1996). Adhesion and aerodynamic resuspension of fibrous particles. J Environ Eng 122:379–83
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinds, WC. (1982). Aerosol technology: properties, behavior, and measurement of airborne particles. New York, NY: Wiley
   Google Scholar
• Hinds, WC. (1999). Aerosol technology: properties, behavior, and measurement of airborne particles. New York, NY: Wiley
   Google Scholar
• IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). (2012). Chemical agents and related occupations. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer
   Google Scholar
• Keil CB. (2000). A tiered approach to deterministic models for indoor air exposures. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 15:145–51
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Keil, CB, Simmons, CE, Anthony, TR. (2009). Mathematical models for estimating occupational exposure. Fairfax, VA: American Industrial Hygiene Association Press
   Google Scholar
• Madl AK, Scott LL, Murbach DM, et al. (2008). Exposure to chrysotile asbestos associated with unpacking and repacking boxes of automobile brake pads and shoes. Ann Occup Hyg 52:463–79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann, EL. (1983). Asbestos. In: Lefond SJ (ed.) Industrial minerals and rocks. 5th ed. New York, NY: Society Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 435–84
   Google Scholar
• Moorcroft JS, Duggan MJ. (1984). Rate of decline of asbestos fibre concentration in room air. Ann Occup Hyg 28:453–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicas M. (2001). Modeling turbulent diffusion and advection of indoor air contaminants by Markov chains. AIHAJ 62:149–58
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nicas, M. (2011). Mathematical modeling of indoor air contaminant concentrations. In: Rose VE, Cohrssen B (eds.) Patty’s industrial hygiene. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 661–94
   Google Scholar
• NIOSH. (1994a). NIOSH method 7402. Asbestos by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. Washington, DC: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
   Google Scholar
• NIOSH. (1994b). NIOSH method 7400. Asbestos and other fibers by phase contrast microscopy. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. Cincinnati, OH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
   Google Scholar
• NIOSH. (2008). Revised draft, NIOSH current intelligence bulletin, asbestos fibers and other elongated mineral particles: state of the science and roadmap for research. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
   Google Scholar
• NRC. (1981). Indoor pollutants. Committee on Indoor Pollutants Board, Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards, Assembly of Life Sciences National Research Council. Washington, DC: National Academy Press
   Google Scholar
• OSHA. (1997). Method ID-160: asbestos in air. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
   Google Scholar
• Platek SF, Groth DH, Ulrich CE, et al. (1985). Chronic inhalation of short asbestos fibers. Fundam Appl Toxicol 5:327–40
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reist, PC. (1984). Introduction to aerosol science. New York, NY: Macmillan
   Google Scholar
• Reitze WB, Nicholson WJ, Holaday DA, Selikoff IJ. (1972). Application of sprayed inorganic fiber containing asbestos: occupational health hazards. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 33:178–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahmel J, Barlow CA, Simmons B, et al. (2014). Evaluation of take-home exposure and risk associated with the handling of clothing contaminated with chrysotile asbestos. Risk Anal 34:1448–68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahmel J, Barlow CA, Gaffney SH, et al. (2015). Airborne asbestos take-home exposures during handling of chrysotile-contaminated clothing following simulated full shift workplace exposures. J Exp Sci Environ Epidemiol. Advance online publication, April 29, 2015. doi: 101.1038/jes.2015.15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawyer RN. (1977). Asbestos exposure in a Yale building. Analysis and resolution. Environ Res 13:146–69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawyer, RN, Spooner, CM. (1978). Sprayed asbestos-containing material in buildings. A guidance document, Part 2. Research Triangle Park, NC: United States Environmental Protection Agency
   Google Scholar
• Stanton MF. (1973). Some etiological considerations of fibre carcinogenesis. In: Bogovski P, Wilson JC, Timbrell V, Wagner JC. (eds.) Biological effects of asbestos: proceedings of a working conference. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 289–94
   Google Scholar
• Stanton MF, Layard M, Tegeris A, et al. (1977). Carcinogenicity of fibrous glass: pleural response in the rat in relation to fiber dimension. J Natl Cancer Inst 58:587–603
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stettler LE, Sharpnack DD, Krieg EF. (2008). Chronic inhalation of short asbestos: lung fiber burdens and histopathology for monkeys maintained for 11.5 years after exposure. Inhal Toxicol 20:63–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timbrell V. (1965). Human exposure to asbestos: dust controls and standards. The inhalation of fibrous dusts. Ann N Y Acad Sci 132:255–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• USEPA. (1986). Guidance for preventing asbestos disease among auto mechanics. EPA-560-OPTS-86-002. June 1986. Washington, DC: Asbestos Action Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
   Google Scholar
• USEPA. (2000). RISK model version 1.5 documentation. US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Available from: http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/appcd/mmd/iaq.html
   Google Scholar
• Virta RL. (2006). Worldwide asbestos supply and consumption trends from 1900 through 2003. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1298. Reston, VA: U.S. Geological Survey, p. 2
   Google Scholar
• Zimon, AD, Corn, M. (1969). Adhesion of dust and powder. New York, NY: Plenum Press
   Google Scholar