Occupational exposures among personnel working near combined burn pit and incinerator operations at Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan

References

• Abraham JH, Eick-Cost A, Clark LL, et al. (2014). A retrospective cohort study of military deployment and postdeployment medical encounters for respiratory conditions. Mil Med 179:540–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Naval Health Research Center, and the U.S. Army Public Health Command. (2010). Epidemiological studies of health outcomes among troops deployed to burn pit sites. Silver Springs, MD: Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center
   Google Scholar
• Aurell J, Gullett BK, Yamamoto D. (2012). Emissions from open burning of simulated military waste from forward operating bases. Environ Sci Technol 46:11004–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baird C. (2011). The basis for and uses of environmental sampling to assess health risk in deployed settings. Mil Med 176:84–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brief RS, Scala RA. (1975). Occupational exposure limits for novel work schedules. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 36:467–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook N, Kolivosky J. (2011). Screening health risk assessment, Joint Base Balad, Iraq, 23 March-6 May 2010, Health Risk Assessment Report No. 47-MA-0EJS-11. U.S. Army Public Health Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground
   Google Scholar
• Engelbrecht JP, McDonald EV, Gillies JA, Gertler AW. (2008). Department of defense enhanced particulate matter surveillance program. Reno, NV: Desert Research Institute
   Google Scholar
• Engelbrecht JP, McDonald EV, Gillies JA, et al. (2009). Characterizing mineral dusts and other aerosols from the Middle East – part 1 ambient sampling. Inhal Toxicol 21:297–326
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falvo MJ, Osinubi OY, Sotolongo AM, Helmer DA. (2015). Airborne hazards exposure and respiratory health of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. Epidemiol Rev 37:116–130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furlow B. (2010). US Institute of Medicine studies military burn pits. Lancet Oncol 11:316
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helmer DA, Rossignol M, Blatt M, et al. (2007). Health and exposure concerns of veterans deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. J Occup Environ Med 49:475–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IOM (Institute of Medicine). (2011). Long-term health consequences of exposure to burn pits in Iraq and Afghanistan. Washington, DC: The National Academic Press, 11–21
   Google Scholar
• Kenny LC, Aitken R, Chalmers C, et al. (1997). A collaborative European study of personal inhalable aerosol sampler performance. Ann Occup Hyg 41:135–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris MJ, Zacher L, Jackson D. (2011). Investigating the respiratory health of deployed military personnel. Mil Med 176:1157–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell TM, Smith TC, Jacobson IG, et al. (2012). Prospective assessment of chronic multisymptom illness reporting possibly associated with open-air burn pit smoke exposure in Iraq. J Occup Environ Med 54:682–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose CS. (2012). Military service and lung disease. Clin Chest Med 33:705–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanders JW, Putnam SD, Frankhart C, et al. (2005). Impact of illness and non-combat injury during Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan). Am J Trop Med Hyg 73:713–19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel S. (1956). Non-parametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
   Google Scholar
• Smith B, Wong CA, Smith TC, et al. (2009). Newly reported respiratory symptoms and conditions among military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan: a prospective population-based study. Am J Epidemiol 170:1433–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szema AM, Salihi W, Savary K, Chen JJ. (2011). Respiratory symptoms necessitating spirometry among soldiers with Iraq/Afghanistan war lung injury. J Occup Environ Med 53:961–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Air Force. (2009). Open pit burning: general facts and information. Available from: http://deploymenthealthlibrary.fhp.osd.mil/Product/RetrieveFile?prodId=55. [Last accessed: 15 Aug 2011]
   Google Scholar
• US Air Force Institute for Operational Health. (2005). Environmental health site assessment, Balad Air Base, Iraq. In: Deployed environmental surveillance branch (RSED). Wright-Patterson AFB, USA
   Google Scholar
• US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine. (2008a). Just the facts … Solid waste burning (trash and feces fires) – Medical, USACHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Report No. 47-002-1208. Available from: https://www.dpc.senate.gov/hearings/hearing50/chppm_fact_sheet.pdf. [Last accessed: 10 Oct 2011]
   Google Scholar
• US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine. (2008b). Screening health risk assessment burn pit exposures Balad Air Base, Iraq. USACHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Report No. 47-MA-08PV-08/AFIOH Report No. IOH-RS-BR-TR-2008-0001. Available from: www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin. [Last accessed: 10 Oct 2011]
   Google Scholar
• United States Government Accountability Office. (2010). Afghanistan and Iraq: DoD should improve adherence to its guidance on open pit burning and solid waste management. Available from: http://www.gao.gov/Products/GAO-11-63.m. [Last accessed: 23 Jul 2010]
   Google Scholar
• US Army Public Health Command. (2013). Environmental Health Risk Assessment and Chemical Exposure Guidelines for Deployed Military Personnel, Technical Guide 230, 2013 Revision. Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: USAPHC
   Google Scholar
• Weese CB, Abraham JH. (2009). Potential health implications associated with particulate matter exposure in deployed settings in Southwest Asia. Inhal Toxicol 21:291–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werner MA, Spear TM, Vincent JH. (1996). Investigation into the impact of introducing workplace aerosol standards based on the inhalable fraction. Analyst 121:1207–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilcoxon F. (1945). Individual comparisons by ranking methods. Biomet Bull 1:80–3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodall BD, Yamamoto DP, Gullett BK, Touati A. (2012). Emissions from small-scale burns of simulated deployed U.S. military waste. Environ Sci Technol 46:10997–1003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar