References
- Salive ME, Guralnik J, Glynn RJ, et al. Association of visual impairment with mobility and physical function. J Am Geriatr Soc 1994;42(3):287–92.
- Lichtenstein MJ, Griffin MR, Cornell JE, et al. Risk factors for hip fractures occurring in the hospital. Am J Epidemiol 1994;140(9):830–8.
- Willis JR, Vitale SE, Agrawal Y, Ramulu PY. Visual impairment, uncorrected refractive error, and objectively measured balance in the United States. JAMA Ophthalmol 2013;131(8):1049–56.
- Lord SR, Smith ST, Menant JC. Vision and falls in older people: risk factors and intervention strategies. Clin Geriatr Med 2010;26(4):569–81.
- Lord SR, Clark RD, Webster IW. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in relation to falls in an elderly population. Age Ageing 1991;20(3):175–81.
- Lord SR. Visual risk factors for falls in older people. Age Ageing 2006;35 Suppl 2: ii42–ii5.
- Ivers RQ, Cumming RG, Mitchell P, Attebo K. Visual impairment and falls in older adults: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1998;46(1):58–64.
- Yip JL, Khawaja AP, Broadway D, et al. Visual acuity, self-reported vision and falls in the EPIC-Norfolk Eye study. Br J Ophthalmol 2013;98(3):377–82.
- Stevens JA, Corso PS, Finkelstein EA, Miller TR. The costs of fatal and non-fatal falls among older adults. Inj Prev 2006;12(5):290–5.
- Rizzo JA, Friedkin R, Williams CS, et al. Health care utilization and costs in a Medicare population by fall status. Med Care 1998;36(8):1174–88.
- CDC. Fatalities and injuries from falls among older adults — United States, 1993-2003 and 2001-2005. MMWR: CDC 2006; v. 55.
- Jack CI, Smith T, Neoh C, et al. Prevalence of low vision in elderly patients admitted to an acute geriatric unit in Liverpool: elderly people who fall are more likely to have low vision. Gerontology 1995;41(5):280–5.
- Willis JR, Jefferys JL, Vitale S, Ramulu PY. Visual impairment, uncorrected refractive error, and accelerometer-defined physical activity in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol 2012;130(3):329–35.
- Lord SR, Clark RD, Webster IW. Physiological factors associated with falls in an elderly population. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991;39(12):1194–200.
- Stevens KN, Lang IA, Guralnik JM, Melzer D. Epidemiology of balance and dizziness in a national population: findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Age Ageing 2008;37(3):300–5.
- Stata Corp. Stata 11. College Station, 2010.
- VanSuch M, Naessens JM, Stroebel RJ, et al. Effect of discharge instructions on readmission of hospitalised patients with heart failure: do all of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations heart failure core measures reflect better care? Qual Saf Health Care 2006;15(6):414–7.
- Katz MG, Kripalani S, Weiss BD. Use of pictorial aids in medication instructions: a review of the literature. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2006;63(23):2391–7.
- Schillinger D, Machtinger EL, Wang F, et al. Language, literacy, and communication regarding medication in an anticoagulation clinic: a comparison of verbal vs. visual assessment. J Health Commun 2006;11(7):651–64.
- van Landingham SW, West SK, Akpek EK, et al. Impact of dry eye on reading in a population-based sample of the elderly: the Salisbury Eye Evaluation. Br J Ophthalmol 2014;98(5):639–44.
- Nguyen AM, van Landingham SW, Massof RW, et al. Reading ability and reading engagement in older adults with glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014;55(8):5284–90.
- Ergun E, Maar N, Radner W, et al. Scotoma size and reading speed in patients with subfoveal occult choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 2003;110(1):65–9.
- Loprinzi PD, Sheffield J, Tyo BM, Fittipaldi-Wert J. Accelerometer-determined physical activity, mobility disability, and health. Disabil Health J;7(4):419–25.
- Bourke AK, O’Brien JV, Lyons GM. Evaluation of a threshold-based tri-axial accelerometer fall detection algorithm. Gait Posture 2007;26(2):194–9.
- Zebardast N, Swenor BK, van Landingham SW, et al. Comparing the impact of refractive and nonrefractive vision loss on functioning and disability: The Salisbury Eye Evaluation. Ophthalmology 2015;122:1102–10.