Serum activin A levels are lower in tubal than intrauterine spontaneously conceived pregnancies

References

• Barnhart KT. Clinical practice. Ectopic pregnancy. N Engl J Med 2009;361:379–387.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Farquhar CM. Ectopic pregnancy. Lancet 2005;366:583–591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Refaat B, Al-Azemi M, Geary I, Eley A, Ledger W. Role of Activins and inducible nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of ectopic pregnancy in patients with or without Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2009;16:1493–1503.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Refaat B, Amer S, Ola B, Chapman N, Ledger W. The expression of activin-betaA- and -betaB-subunits, follistatin, and activin type II receptors in fallopian tubes bearing an ectopic pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:293–299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florio P, Severi FM, Bocchi C, Luisi S, Mazzini M, Danero S, Torricelli M, Petraglia F. Single serum activin a testing to predict ectopic pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:1748–1753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luisi S, Florio P, Reis FM, Petraglia F. Expression and secretion of activin A: possible physiological and clinical implications. Eur J Endocrinol 2001;145:225–236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florio P, Bruni L, Galleri L, Reis FM, Borges LE, Bocchi C, Litta P, De Leo V, Petraglia F. Evaluation of endometrial activin A secretion for prediction of pregnancy after intrauterine insemination. Fertil Steril 2010;93:2316–2320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caniggia I, Lye SJ, Cross JC. Activin is a local regulator of human cytotrophoblast cell differentiation. Endocrinology 1997;138:3976–3986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zweig MH, Campbell G. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots: a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine. Clin Chem 1993;39:561–577.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson WS, Wilson MC, Guyat GH, Cook DJ, Nishikawa J. Users' guides to the medical literature: XV. How to use an article about disease probability for differencial diagnosis. Evidence-based medicine working group. JAMA 1999;281: 1214–1219.
   Google Scholar
• Jones RL, Salamonsen LA, Findlay JK. Potential roles for endometrial inhibins, activins and follistatin during human embryo implantation and early pregnancy. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2002;13:144–150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florio P, Gabbanini M, Borges LE, Bonaccorsi L, Pinzauti S, Reis FM, Petraglia F. Activins and related proteins in the establishment of pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2010;17:320–330.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones RL, Salamonsen LA, Findlay JK. Activin A promotes human endometrial stromal cell decidualization in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:4001–4004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tierney EP, Giudice LC. Role of activin A as a mediator of in vitro endometrial stromal cell decidualization via the cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway. Fertil Steril 2004;81: 899–903.
   Google Scholar
• Jones RL, Findlay JK, Farnworth PG, Robertson DM, Wallace E, Salamonsen LA. Activin A and inhibin A differentially regulate human uterine matrix metalloproteinases: potential interactions during decidualization and trophoblast invasion. Endocrinology 2006;147:724–732.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florio P, Rossi M, Viganò P, Luisi S, Torricelli M, Torres PB, Di Blasio AM, Petraglia F. Interleukin 1beta and progesterone stimulate activin a expression and secretion from cultured human endometrial stromal cells. Reprod Sci 2007;14:29–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoikos CJ, Harrison CA, Salamonsen LA, Dimitriadis E. A distinct cohort of the TGFbeta superfamily members expressed in human endometrium regulate decidualization. Hum Reprod 2008;23:1447–1456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salamonsen LA, Nie G, Hannan NJ, Dimitriadis E. Society for Reproductive Biology Founders' Lecture 2009. Preparing fertile soil: the importance of endometrial receptivity. Reprod Fertil Dev 2009;21:923–934.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florio P, Severi FM, Luisi S, Ciarmela P, Calonaci G, Cobellis L, Petraglia F. Endometrial expression and secretion of activin A, but not follistatin, increase in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. J Soc Gynecol Investig 2003;10:237–243.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Florio P, Rossi M, Sigurdardottir M, Ciarmela P, Luisi S, Viganò P, Grasso D, Fiore G, Cobellis L, Di Blasio AM, Paracrine regulation of endometrial function: interaction between progesterone and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and activin A. Steroids 2003;68:801–807.
   Google Scholar
• Jones RL, Stoikos C, Findlay JK, Salamonsen LA. TGF-beta superfamily expression and actions in the endometrium and placenta. Reproduction 2006;132:217–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park JE, Oh HJ, Hong SG, Jang G, Kim MK, Lee BC. Effects of activin A on the in vitro development and mRNA expression of bovine embryos cultured in chemically-defined two-step culture medium. Reprod Domest Anim 2010;45: 585–593.
   Google Scholar
• Ankum WM, Mol BW, Van der Veen F, Bossuyt PM. Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 1996;65:1093–1099.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spandorfer SD, Barnhart KT. Endometrial stripe thickness as a predictor of ectopic pregnancy. Fertil Steril 1996;66:474–477.
   Google Scholar
• Florio P, Luisi S, Ciarmela P, Severi FM, Bocchi C, Petraglia F. Inhibins and activins in pregnancy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2004;225:93–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luisi S, Florio P, D'Antona D, Severi FM, Sanseverino F, Danero S, Petraglia F. Maternal serum inhibin A levels are a marker of a viable trophoblast in incomplete and complete miscarriage. Eur J Endocrinol 2003;148:233–236.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Florio P, Luisi S, D'Antona D, Severi FM, Rago G, Petraglia F. Maternal serum inhibin A levels may predict pregnancy outcome in women with threatened abortion. Fertil Steril 2004;81:468–470.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Muttukrishna S, Jauniaux E, Greenwold N, McGarrigle H, Jivraj S, Carter S, Elgaddal S, Groome N, Regan L. Circulating levels of inhibin A, activin A and follistatin in missed and recurrent miscarriages. Hum Reprod 2002;17: 3072–3078.
   Google Scholar
• Muttukrishna S, Child TJ, Groome NP, Ledger WL. Source of circulating levels of inhibin A, pro α C-containing inhibins and activin A in early pregnancy. Hum Reprod 1997;12:1089–1093.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar