Measurement and assessment of somatic symptoms

References

• American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1980). Diagnsotic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994). Diagnsotic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• Asberg, M., Montgomery, S.A., Perris, C., Schalling, D. & Sedvall, G. (1978). A comprehensive psychopathological rating scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 271, 5–27.
   Google Scholar
• Bagby, R.M., Parker, J.D. & Taylor, G.J. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale: Item selection and cross- validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 23– 32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barsky, A.J., Wyshak, G. & Klerman, G. (1990). The Somato-Sensory Amplification Scale and its relationship to hypochondriasis. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 24, 323–334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A. & Carbin, M.G. (1988). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 8, 77–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beirens, K. & Fontaine, J.R. (2010). Development of the Ghent Multidimensional Somatic Complaints Scale. Assessment, 17, 70–80.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carroll, B.J., Feinberg, M., Smouse, P.E., Rawson, S.G. & Greden, J.F. (1981). The Carroll Rating Scale for Depression. I. Development, reliability and validation. British Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 194–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassell, W.A. (1990). Somatic Inkblot Series Manual. Administration, Scoring and interpretation. Anchorage, Alaska: SIS Center.
   Google Scholar
• Chaturvedi, S.K. (2009). Fresh look at options and alternatives on diagnosing depression. Commentary. In H. Herrman, M. Maj & N. Sartorius (Eds), Depressive Disorders (pp. 35–36) (3rd ed.). WPA series Evidence and Experience in Psychiatry. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Chaturvedi, S.K. & Maguire, P. (1998). Persistent somatization in cancer: A controlled follow-up study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 45, 249–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaturvedi, S.K. & Michael, A. (1993). Do social and demographic factors influence the nature and localization of somatic complaints Psychopathology, 26, 255–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaturvedi, S.K., Michael, A. & Sarmukaddam, S. (1987). Somatizers in psychiatric care. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 29, 337–342.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Creed, F., Tomenson, B., Guthrie, E., Ratcliff, J., Fernandes, L., Read, N., … Thompson, D.G. (2008). The relationship between somatisation and outcome in patients with severe irritable bowel syndrome. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 64, 613–620.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Derogatis, L.R., Lipman, R.S. & Covi, L. (1973). SCL-90: An outpatient psychiatric rating scale preliminary report. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 9, 13–28.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dupuy, H.J. (1984). The Psychological General Well-Being Index. In N.K. Wenger, M.E. Mattson, C.D. Furberg, J. Elinson (Eds), Assessment of Quality of Life in Clinical Trials of Cardiovascular Therapies (pp. 170–183). NewYork: Le Jacq.
   Google Scholar
• Escobar, J.I., Rubio-Stipec, M., Canino, G. & Karno, M. (1989). Somatic Symptom Index (SSI): A new and abridged somatization construct. Prevalence and epidemiological correlates in two large community samples. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 177, 140–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First, M., Spitzer, R., Gibbon, M. & Williams, J.W. (1997). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
   Google Scholar
• Guelfi, J.D., Pull, C.B., Guelfi, C., Ruschel, S., Dreyfus, J.F. (1983). The Checklist for Evaluation of Somatic Symptoms (CHESS). Its use in anxious and depressive pathology. Factor structure. Annales of Medico-Psychologiques (Paris), 141, 257–277.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32, 50–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 23, 56–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung, C.I., Weng, L.J., Su, Y.J. & Liu, C.Y. (2006). Depression and Somatic Symptoms Scale: A new scale with both depression and somatic symptoms emphasized. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 60, 700–708.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janca, A., Burke, J.D. Jr, Isaac, M.K., Burke, K.C., Costa, J.A., Silva, E. & Tacchini, G. (1995). The World Health Organization Somatoform Disorders Schedule. A preliminary report on design and reliability. European Psychiatry, 10, 373–378.
   Google Scholar
• Janca, A., Isaac, M. & Tacchini, G. (1994). Somatoform Disorders Symptom Checklist, Version 1.0. (MNH/MND/94.1/2). Geneva: WHO.
   Google Scholar
• Kay, S.R., Fiszbein, A. & Opler, L.A. (1987). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS). Schizophrenia Bulletin, 13, 261–276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kellner, R. (1986). Illness attitude scales. In R. Kellner (Ed.), Somatization and Hypochondriasis (pp. 319–324). New York: Praeger-Greenwood.
   Google Scholar
• Kellner, R. (1987). A Symptom Questionnaire. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 48, 268–274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobeissi, L., Araya, R., Kak, F.E., Ghantous, Z., Khawaja, M., Khoury, B., …. Zurayk, H. (2011). The Relaxation Exercise and Social Support Trial – RESST: Study protocol for a randomized community based trial. BMC Psychiatry, 11, 14.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R.L. & Williams, J.B. (2002). The PHQ-15: Validity of a new measure for evaluating somatic symptom severity. Psychosomatic Medicine, 64, 258–266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liebowitz, M.R., Fyer, A.J., Gorman, J.M., Dillon, D., Appleby, I.L., Levy, G., ... & Klein, D.F. (1984). Lactate provocation of pain attacks. Clinical and behavioural findings. Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 764–770.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipman, R.S., Covi, L., Downing, R.W., Fisher, S., Kahn, R.J., McNair, D.M., ... & Smith, V.K. (1981). Pharmacotherapy of anxiety and depression. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 17, 91–103.
   Google Scholar
• Lucock, M.P. & Morley, S. (1996). The Health Anxiety Questionnaire. British Journal of Health Psychology, 1, 137–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montgomery, S.A. & Asberg, M. (1979). A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. British Journal of Psychiatry, 134, 382–389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mumford, D.B., Bavington, J.T., Bhatnagar, K.S., Hussain, Y., Mirza, S. & Naraghi, M.M. (1991). The Bradford Somatic Inventory. British Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 379–386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nijenhuis, E.R., Spinhoven, P., Van Dyck, R., Van der Hart, O. & Vanderlinden, J. (1996). The development and the psychometric characteristics of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20). Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 184, 688–694.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overall, J.E. & Gorham, D.R. (1988). The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS): Recent developments in ascertainment and scaling. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24, 94–97.
   Google Scholar
• Patel, V., Kirkwood, V.R., Pednekar, S., Weiss, H. & Mabey, D. (2006a). Risk factors for common mental disorders in women. Population-based longitudinal study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 189, 547–555.
   Google Scholar
• Patel, V., Pednekar, S., Weiss, H., Rodrigues, M., Barros, P., Nayak, B., … Mabey, D., (2005). Why do women complain of vaginal discharge A population survey of infectious and pyschosocial risk factors in a South Asian community. International Journal of Epidemiology, 34, 853–862.
   Google Scholar
• Patel, V., Weiss, H.A., Kirkwood, B.R., Pednekar, S., Nevrekar, P., Gupte, S. & Mabey, D. (2006b). Common genital complaints in women: The contribution of psychosocial and infectious factors in a population-based cohort study in Goa, India. International Journal of Epidemiology, 35, 1478–1485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilowsky, I., Bassett, R., Barrett, R., Petrovic, L., & Minniti, R. (1967). Dimensions of hypochondriasis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 113, 89–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilowsky, I., Bassett, R., Petrovic, L. & Minniti, R. (1983). The Illness Behaviour Assessment Schedule: Reliability and validity. International Journal of Psychiatry and Medicine, 13, 11–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raskin, A., Schulterbrandt, J., Reating, N. & McKeon, J.J. (1969). Replication of factors of psychopathology in interview, ward behavior and self-report ratings of hospitalised depressives. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 148, 87–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rief, W., Hiller, W. & Heuser, J. (1997). SOMS – Screening für Somatoforme Störungen. Manual Zum Fragebogen [SOMS – The Screening for Somatoform Symptoms – Manual with Questionnaire]. Berne: Huber.
   Google Scholar
• Rief, W., Hiller, W. & Margraf, J. (1998). Cognitive aspects of hypochondriasis and the somatization syndrome. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 587–595.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robins, L.N., Helzer, J.E., Croughan, J., & Ratcliff, K.S. (1981). National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Its history, characteristics and validity. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 381–389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robins, L.N., Wing, J., Wittchen, H.U., Helzer, J.E., Babor, T.F., Burke, J., ... & Towle, L.H. (1988). The Composite International Diagnostic Interview. An epidemiologic instrument suitable for use in conjunction with different diagnostic systems and in different cultures. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 1069–1077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheehan, D.V. (1999). The Sheehan Patient Rated Anxiety Scale. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 60S18, 63–64.
   Google Scholar
• Sheehan, D.V., Lecrubier, Y., Sheehan, K.H. Amorim, P., Janavs, J., Weiller, E., ... & Dunbar, G.C. (1998). The Mini- International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 59S20, 22–33.
   Google Scholar
• Sifneos, P.E. (1973). The prevalence of ‘alexithymic’ characteristics in psychosomatic patients. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 22, 255–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spitzer, R.L., Williams, J.B., Kroenke, K., Linzer, M., Hahn, S.R., Brody, D., & Johnson, J.G. (1994). Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care: The PRIME-MD 1000 study. Journal of American Medical Association, 272, 1749–1756.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swartz, M., Hughes, D., George, L., Blazer, D., Landerman, R. & Bucholz, K. (1986). Developing a screening index for community studies of somatization disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 20, 335–343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyrer, H., Ali, L., Cooper, F., Seivewright, P., Bassett, P. & Tyrer, P. (2012). The Schedule for Evaluating Persistent Symptoms (SEPS): A new method of recording medically unexplained symptoms. International Journal of Social Psychiatry (Epub ahead of print, March).
   Google Scholar
• Varma, D., Chandra, P.S., Thomas, T. & Carey, M.P. (2007). Intimate partner violence and sexual coercion among pregnant women in India: Relationship with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 102, 227–235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varma, V.K., Chaturvedi, S.K., Malhotra, A. & Chari, P. (1983). Psychiatric aspects of chronic intractable pain. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 25, 173–179.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ware, J.E. & Sherbourne, C.D. (1992). The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Conceptual frame work and item selection. Medical Care, 30, 473–483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO (1990). Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• WHO (1992). International Classification of Diseases (10th revision). Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Wing, J.K., Babor, T., Brugha, T., Burke, J., Cooper, J.E., Giel, R., …Sartorius, N. (1990). SCAN. Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 589–593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wing, J.K., Cooper, J.E. & Sartorius, N. (1974). Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. An Instruction Manual for the PSE and the Catego Program. London and New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zigmond, A.S. & Snaith, R.P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67, 361–370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar