Measurement of craniovertebral angle by the Modified Head Posture Spinal Curvature Instrument: A reliability and validity study

References

• Alanay A, Cil A, Berk H, Acaroglu RE, Yazici M, Alcali O, Kosay C, Genc Y, Surat A 2005 Reliability and validity of adapted Turkish Version of Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire. Spine 30: 2464–2468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong T 1986 Ergonomics and cumulative trauma disorders. Hand Clinics 2: 553–565.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bland JM, Altman DG 1986 Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1(8476): 307–310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonney RA, Corlett EN 2002 Head posture and loading of the cervical spine. Applied Ergonomics 33: 415–417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun B 1991 Postural differences between asymptomatic men and women and craniofacial pain patients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 72: 653–656.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryden L, Fitzgerald D 2001 The influence of posture and alteration of function upon the craniocervical and craniofacial regions. In: von Piekartz H, Bryden L (eds) Craniofacial dysfunction and pain. Manual therapy, assessment and management, pp 163–187. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann.
   Google Scholar
• Cheung Lau HM, Wing Chiu TT, Lam TH 2009 Clinical measurement of craniovertebral angle by electronic head posture instrument: A test of validity and reliability. Manual Therapy 14: 363–368.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu TU, Ku WY, Lee MH, Sum WK, Wan MP, Wong CY 2002 A study on the prevalence of risk factors for neck pain among university academic staff in Hong Kong. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation 12: 77–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Vet HC, Terwee CB, Knol DL, Bouter LM 2006 When to use agreement versus reliability measures. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 59: 1033–1039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edmondston S, Bjornsdottir G, Palsson T, Solgard H, Ussing K, Allison G 2011 Endurance and fatigue characteristics of the neck flexor and extensor muscles during isometric tests in patients with postural neck pain. Manual Therapy 16: 332–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edmondston SJ, Chan HY, Ngai GC, Warren ML, Williams JM, Glennon S, Netto K 2007 Postural neck pain: An investigation of habitual sitting posture, perception of ‘good’ posture and cervicothoracic kinaesthesia. Manual Therapy 12: 363–371.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edmondston SJ, Wallumrod ME, Macleid F, Kvamme LS, Joebges S, Brabham GC 2008 Reliability of isometric muscle endurance tests in subjects with postural neck pain. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapuetics 31: 348–354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fedorak C, Ashworth N, Marshall J, Paull H 2003 Reliability of the visual assessment of cervical and lumbar lordosis: How good are we? Spine 28: 1857–1859.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez-de-las-Penas C, Perez-de-Heredia M, Molero-Sanchez A, Miangolarra-Page JC 2007 Performance of the craniocervical flexion test, forward head posture, and headache clinical parameters in patients with chronic tension-type headache: a pilot study. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy 37: 33–39.
   Google Scholar
• Gadotti I 2010 Measurement properties of the sagittal craniocervical posture photogrammetry. Doctoral Thesis in Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta.
   Google Scholar
• Gadotti I, Biasotto-Gonzalez D 2010 Sensitivity of clinical assessment of head posture in sagittal plane-a preliminary study. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16: 141–144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant RM 1994 Mechanical diagnosis and therapy for cervical and thoracic spine. In: Grant R (ed) Physical therapy for cervical and thoracic spine, 2nd edn, pp 359–378. Edinburgh, Churchill Livingstone.
   Google Scholar
• Grimmer-Somers K, Milanese S, Louw Q 2008 Measurement of cervical posture in the sagittal plane. Journal of Manipulative Physiological Therapeutics 31: 509–517.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haughie LJ, Fiebert IM, Roach KE 1995 Relationship of forward head posture and cervical backward bending to neck pain. Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy 3: 91–97.
   Google Scholar
• Hoyle JA, Marras WS, Sheedy JE, Hart DE 2011 Effect of postural and visual stressors on myofascial trigger point development and motor unit rotation during computer work. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 21: 41–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson BL, Harrison DD, Robetson GA, Barker WF 1993 Chiropractic biophysics lateral cervical film analysis reliability. Journal of Manipulative Physiological Therapeutics 16: 384–391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kendall HO, Kendall FP, Boynton DA 1970 Posture and pain. Huntington, NY, Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• Khan R, Surti A, Rehman R, Ali U 2012 Knowledge and practices of ergonomics in computer users. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association 62: 213–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korhonen T, Ketola R, Toivonen R, Luukkonen R, Hakkanen M, Viinkari-Juntara AJ 2003 Work related and individual predictors for incident neck pain among office employees working with video display units. Occupational Environmental Medicine 60: 475–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludbrook J 1997 Comparing methods of measurements. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 24: 193–203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludbrook J 2010 Confidence in Altman-Bland plots: A critical review of the method of differences. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 37: 143–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magee DJ 2008 Orthopaedic physical assessment, 5th edn. St. Louis, MO, Saunders, Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Oatis CA 2004 Kinesiology: The mechanics and pathomechanics of human movement. Philadelphia, PA, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
   Google Scholar
• Portney LG, Watkins MP 2000 Foundations of clinical research: Applications to practice, 2nd edn. East Norwalk, CT, Appleton & Lange.
   Google Scholar
• Quek J, Pua Y, Clark RA, Bryant AL 2013 Effects of thoracic kyphosis and forward head posture on cervical range of motion in older adults. Manual Therapy 18: 65–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raine S, Twomey LT 1997 Head and shoulder posture variations in 160 asymptomatic women and men. Archives of Physiological Medicine and Rehabilitation 78: 1215–1256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ries JD, Echternach JL, Nof L, Gagnon Blodgett M 2009 Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores for the timed “up & go” test, the six-minute walk test, and gait speed in people with Alzheimer disease. Physical Therapy 89: 569–579.
   Google Scholar
• Rix G, Bugust J 2001 Cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility in patients with chronic, non traumatic cervical pain. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 82: 911–919.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell TG, Jull GA, Wootton R 2003 Can the Internet be used as a medium to evaluate knee angle? Manual Therapy 8: 242–246.
   Google Scholar
• Subbarayalu AV 2013 Work-related musculoskeletal health disorders among the information technology professionals in India: A prevalence study. International Journal of Management Research and Business Strategy 2: 118–126.
   Google Scholar
• Turner JA, Franklin G, Heagerty PJ, Wu R, Egan K, Fulton-Kehoe D, Gluck JV, Wickizer TM 2004 The association between pain and disability. Pain 112: 307–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson DH, Trott PH 1993 Cervical headache: An investigation of natural head posture and upper cervical flexor muscle performance. Cephalalgia 13: 272–284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilmarth MA, Hilliard TS 2002 Measuring head posture via the craniovertebral angle. Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Practice 14: 13–15.
   Google Scholar
• Yip CH, Chiu TT, Poon AT 2008 The relationship between head posture and severity and disability of patients with neck pain. Manual Therapy 13: 148–154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar