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Original Article

Functional electrical stimulation in incomplete tetraplegia

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Pages 163-167 | Accepted 01 Jan 1988, Published online: 10 Jul 2009

References

  • Bajd T, Bowman B R. Testing and modelling of spasticity. Journal of Biomedica. Engineering 1982; 4: 90–96
  • Benton L A., Baker L L., Bowman B R., Waters R L. Functional electrical stimulation—a practical clinical guide, 2nd edn. Rancho Los Amigos Hospital Rehabilitation Engineering Centre, Downey 1987, chap 3
  • Porter J M., Swain I D., Shakespeare P G. Measurement of limb blood flow by electrical impedance plethysmography. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons o. England 1985; 67: 169–172
  • Stokes M, Young A. Measurement of quadriceps cross-sectional area by ultrasonography: a description of the technique and its applications in physiotherapy. Physiotherap. Practice 1986; 2: 31–36
  • Swain I D., Taylor P T. Unpublished data. Department of Medical Physics, Odstock Hospital, Salisbury 1987
  • Vodovnik L, Bowman B R., Hufford P. Effects of electrical stimulation on spinal spasticity. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitatio. Medicine 1984; 16: 29–34
  • Vodovnik L, Bowman B R., Winchester P. Effects of electrical stimulation on spasticity in hemiparetic patients. International Rehabilitatio. Medicine 1984; 6: 153–156

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