Acute reduction in blood pressure following consumption of anthocyanin-rich cherry juice may be dose-interval dependant: a pilot cross-over study

References

• Aura AM, Martin-Lopez P, O'leary KA, Williamson G, Oksman-Caldentey KM, Poutanen K, Santos-Buelga C. 2005. In vitro metabolism of anthocyanins by human gut microflora. Eur J Nutr 44:133–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondonno CP, Croft KD, Ward NC, Rich L, Puddey IB, Mubarak A, Hodgson JM, et al. 2012. Flavonoid-rich apples and nitrate-rich spinach augment nitric oxide status and improve endothelial function in healthy men and women: a randomized controlled trial. Free Radic Biol Med 52:95–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassidy A, O'reilly EJ, Kay C, Sampson L, Franz M, Forman JP, Curhan G, Rimm EB. 2011. Habitual intake of flavonoid subclasses and incident hypertension in adults. Am J Clin Nutr 93:338–347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Ferrars RM, Cassidy A, Curtis P, Kay CD. 2014a. Phenolic metabolites of anthocyanins following a dietary intervention study in post-menopausal women. Mol Nutr Food Res 58:490–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Ferrars RM, Czank C, Zhang Q, Botting NP, Kroon PA, Cassidy A, Kay CD. 2014b. The pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and their metabolites in humans. Br J Pharmacol 171:3268–3282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heim KE, Tagliaferro AR, Bobilya DJ. 2002. Flavonoid antioxidants: chemistry, metabolism and structure-activity relationships. J Nutr Biochem 13:572–584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooper L, Kroon PA, Rimm EB, Cohn JS, Harvey I, Le Cornu KA, Ryder JJ, et al. 2008. Flavonoids, flavonoid-rich foods, and cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 88:38–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iland PG, Cynkar W, Francis IL, Williams PJ, Coombe BC. 1996. Optimisation of methods for the determination of total and red-free glycosyl glucose in black grape berries of Vitis vinifera. Aust J Grape Wine Res 2:171–178.
   Google Scholar
• Jakobek L, Šeruga M, Voća S, Šindrak Z, Dobričević N. 2009. Flavonol and phenolic acid composition of sweet cherries (cv. Lapins) produced on six different vegetative rootstocks. Sci Hort 123:23–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kay CD, Hooper L, Kroon PA, Rimm EB, Cassidy A. 2012. Relative impact of flavonoid composition, dose and structure on vascular function: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials of flavonoid-rich food products. Mol Nutr Food Res 56:1605–1616.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krikorian R, Boespflug EL, Fleck DE, Stein AL, Wightman JD, Shidler MD, Sadat-Hossieny S. 2012. Concord grape juice supplementation and neurocognitive function in human aging. J Agric Food Chem 60:5736–5742.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krikorian R, Nash TA, Shidler MD, Shukitt-Hale B, Joseph JA. 2010a. Concord grape juice supplementation improves memory function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Brit J Nutr 103:730–734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krikorian R, Shidler MD, Nash TA, Kalt W, Vinqvist-Tymchuk MR, Shukitt-Hale B, Joseph JA. 2010b. Blueberry supplementation improves memory in older adults. J Agric Food Chem 58:3996–4000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loke WM, Jenner AM, Proudfoot JM, McKinley AJ, Hodgson JM, Halliwell B, Croft KD. 2009. A metabolite profiling approach to identify biomarkers of flavonoid intake in humans. J Nutr 139:2309–2314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manach C, Williamson G, Morand C, Scalbert A, Rémésy C. 2005. Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies. Am J Clin Nutr 81:230S–242S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGhie TK, Walton MC. 2007. The bioavailability and absorption of anthocyanins: towards a better understanding. Mol Nutr Food Res 51:702–713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mennen LI, Sapinho D, Ito H, Bertrais S, Galan P, Hercberg S, Scalbert A. 2006. Urinary flavonoids and phenolic acids as biomarkers of intake for polyphenol-rich foods. Br J Nutr 96:191–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munné-Bosch S. 2012. Phenolic acids: composition, applications, and health benefits. Hauppauge (NY): Nova Science Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Nurmi T, Mursu J, Heinonen M, Nurmi A, Hiltunen R, Voutilainen S. 2009. Metabolism of berry anthocyanins to phenolic acids in humans. J Agric Food Chem 57:2274–2281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riso P, Del Bo C, Martini D, Porrini M, Klimis-Zacas D, Vendrame S, Campolo J, et al. 2013. Effect of a wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) drink intervention on markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial function in humans with cardiovascular risk factors. Eur J Nutr 52:949–961.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Mateos A, Rendeiro C, Bergillos-Meca T, Tabatabaee S, George TW, Heiss C, Spencer JPE. 2013. Intake and time dependence of blueberry flavonoid-induced improvements in vascular function: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover intervention study with mechanistic insights into biological activity. Am J Clin Nutr 98:1179–1191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevenson DE, Hurst RD, Scheepens A. 2011. Bioavailability and metabolism of dietary flavonoids – much known – much more to discover. Int J Med Biol Front 16:249–300.
   Google Scholar
• Turner JR, Viera AJ, Shimbo D. 2015. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical practice: a review. Am J Med 128:14–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walle T. 2004. Absorption and metabolism of flavonoids. Free Radic Biol Med 36:829–837.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar