Is an expert diagnosis enough for assessment of sick leave for employees with musculoskeletal and mental disorders?

References

• Cote P, van der Velde G, Cassidy JD, Carroll LJ, Hogg-Johnson S, Holm LW, Carragee EJ, Haldeman S, Nordin M, Hurwitz EL, Guzman J, Peloso PM. The burden and determinants of neck pain in workers: results of the bone and joint decade 2000–2010 task force on neck pain and its associated disorders. Spine 2008;33(4 Suppl):S60–S74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ihlebaek C, Hansson TH, Laerum E, Brage S, Eriksen HR, Holm SH, Svendsrød R, Indahl A. Prevalence of low back pain and sickness absence: a “borderline” study in Norway and Sweden. Scand J Public Health 2006;34:555–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Picavet HS, Hazes JM. Prevalence of self reported musculoskeletal diseases is high. Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62:644–650.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stefansson CG. Major public health problems – mental ill-health. Scand J Public Health 2006;34(Suppl 67):87–103.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strine TW, Hootman JM. US national prevalence and correlates of low back and neck pain among adults. Arthritis Rheum 2007;57:656–665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wittchen HU, Jacobi F. Size and burden of mental disorders in Europe - a critical review and appraisal of 27 studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2005;15:357–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. International classification of diseases (ICD-10). 10th ed. Geneva: WHO; 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Demyttenaere K, Bruffaerts R, Lee S, Posada-Villa J, Kovess V, Angermeyer MC, Levinson D, Girolamo G, Nakane H, Mneimneh Z, Lara C, de Graaf R, Scott KM, Gureje O, Stein DJ, Haro JM, Bromet EJ, Kessler RC, Alonso J, Von Korff M. Mental disorders among persons with chronic back or neck pain: results from the World Mental Health Surveys. Pain 2007;129:332–342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honkonen T, Ahola K, Pertovaara M, Isometsa E, Kalimo R, Nykyri E, Aromaa A, Lönnqvist J. The association between burnout and physical illness in the general population - results from the Finnish Health 2000 Study. J Psychosom Res 2006;61:59–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McWilliams LA, Cox BJ, Enns MW. Mood and anxiety disorders associated with chronic pain: an examination in a nationally representative sample. Pain 2003;106:127–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munce SE, Weller I, Robertson Blackmore EK, Heinmaa M, Katz J, Stewart DE. The role of work stress as a moderating variable in the chronic pain and depression association. J Psychosom Res 2006;61:653–660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson KG, Mikail SF, D'Eon JL, Minns JE. Alternative diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder in patients with chronic pain. Pain 2001;91:227–234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bair MJ, Robinson RL, Katon W, Kroenke K. Depression and pain comorbidity: a literature review. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:2433–2445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levinson D, Karger CJ, Haklai Z. Chronic physical conditions and use of health services among persons with mental disorders: results from the Israel National Health Survey. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2008;30:226–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waghorn G, Chant D, Lloyd C. Labor force activity among Australians with musculoskeletal disorders comorbid with depression and anxiety disorders. J Occup Rehabil 2006;16:241–252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexanderson K, Norlund A. Aim, background, key concepts, regulations, and current statistics. Scand J Public Health 2004;32(Suppl 63):12–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nieuwenhuijsen K, Verbeek JH, de Boer AG, Blonk RW, van Dijk FJ. Predicting the duration of sickness absence for patients with common mental disorders in occupational health care. Scand J Work Environ Health 2006;32:67–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiels C, Gabbay MB. Patient, clinician, and general practice factors in long-term certified sickness. Scand J Public Health 2007;35:250–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suija K, Kalda R, Maaroos HI. Patients with depressive disorder, their co-morbidity, visiting rate and disability in relation to self-evaluation of physical and mental health: a cross-sectional study in family practice. BMC Fam Pract 2009;10:38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dekkers-Sanchez PM, Hoving JL, Sluiter JK, Frings-Dresen MH. Factors associated with long-term sick leave in sick-listed employees: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2008;65:153–157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sieurin L, Josephson M, Vingard E. Positive and negative consequences of sick leave for the individual, with special focus on part-time sick leave. Scand J Public Health 2009;37:50–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vingard E, Alexanderson K, Norlund A. Consequences of being on sick leave. Scand J Public Health Suppl 2004;32(Suppl 63):207–215.
   Google Scholar
• Ydreborg B, Ekberg K, Nordlund A. Health, quality of life, social network and use of health care: a comparison between those granted and those not granted disability pensions. Disabil Rehabil 2006;15;28:25–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stansfeld S, Candy B. Psychosocial work environment and mental health-a meta-analytic review. Scand J Work Environ Health 2006;32:443–462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SOU-rapport. Arbetsförmåga? En översikt av bedömningsmetoder i Sverige och i andra länder. 2008:66.
   Google Scholar
• Innes E, Straker L. Workplace assessments and functional capacity evaluations: current beliefs of therapists in Australia. Work 2003;20:225–236.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Travis J. Cross-disciplinary competency standards for work-related assessments: communicating the requirements for effective professional practice. Work 2002;19:269–280.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wasiak R, Young AE, Roessler RT, McPherson KM, van Poppel MN, Anema JR. Measuring return to work. J Occup Rehabil 2007;17:766–781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams RM, Schmuck G, Allwood S, Sanchez M, Shea R, Wark G. Psychometric evaluation of health-related work outcome measures for musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review. J Occup Rehabil 2007;17:504–521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilmarinen JE. Aging workers. Occup Environ Med 2001;58:546–552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tennant C. Work-related stress and depressive disorders. J Psychosom Res 2001;51:697–704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linton SJ. Occupational psychological factors increase the risk for back pain: a systematic review. J Occup Rehabil 2001;11:53–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjogren-Ronka T, Ojanen MT, Leskinen EK, Tmustalampi S, Malkia EA. Physical and psychosocial prerequisites of functioning in relation to work ability and general subjective well-being among office workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 2002;28:184–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voss M, Floderus B, Diderichsen F. How do job characteristics, family situation, domestic work, and lifestyle factors relate to sickness absence? A study based on Sweden Post. J Occup Environ Med 2004;46:1134–1143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camerino D, Conway PM, Van der Heijden BI, Estryn-Behar M, Consonni D, Gould D, Hasselhorn HM, NEXT-Study Group. Low-perceived work ability, ageing and intention to leave nursing: a comparison among 10 European countries. J Adv Nurs 2006;56:542–552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer F, Borges FN, Rotenberg L, Latorre M do R, Soares NS, Rosa PL, Teixeira LR, Nagai R, Steluti J, Landsbergis P. Work ability of health care shift workers: What matters? Chronobiol Int 2006;23:1165–1179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kloimuller I, Karazman R, Geissler H, Karazman-Morawtz I, Haupt H. The relation of age, work ability index and stress-inducing factors among bus drivers. Int J Ind Ergon 2000;25:497–502.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kujala V, Tammelin T, Remes J, Vammavaara E, Ek E, Laitinen J. Work ability index of young employees and their sickness absence during the following year. Scand J Work Environ Health 2006; 32:75–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohjonen T. Perceived work ability of home care workers in relation to individual and work-related factors in different age groups. Occup Med (Lond) 2001;51:209–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuomi K, Huuhtanen P, Nykyri E, Ilmarinen J. Promotion of work ability, the quality of work and retirement. Occup Med (Lond) 2001;51:318–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Berg TI, Elders LA, de Zwart BC, Burdorf A. The effects of work-related and individual factors on the Work Ability Index: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2009;66:211–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuomi K, Ilmarinen J, Jahkola A, Katajarinne L, Tulkki A. Work ability Index. Occupational Health Care 19. 2nd revised ed. Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health; 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Rotenberg L, Portela LF, Banks B, Griep RH, Fischer FM, Landsbergis P. A gender approach to work ability and its relationship to professional and domestic work hours among nursing personnel. Appl Ergon 2008;39:646–652.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Zwart BC, Frings-Dresen MH, van Duivenbooden JC. Test–retest reliability of the Work Ability Index questionnaire. Occup Med (Lond) 2002;52:177–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radkiewicz P, Widerszal-Bazyl M. Psychometric properties of Work Ability Index in the light of comparative survey study. International Congress Series 1280. The Netherlands: Elsevier; 2005. pp 304–309.
   Google Scholar
• Siegrist J, Starke D, Chandola T, Godin I, Niedhammer I, Peter R. The measurement of effort-reward imbalance at work: European comparisons. Soc Sci Med 2004;58:1483–1499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegrist J, Wege N, Puhlhofer F, Wahrendorf M. A short generic measure of work stress in the era of globalization: effort-reward imbalance. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2009;82:1005–1013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preckel D, Meinel M, Kudielka B, Haug H-J, Fischer JE. Effort-reward-imbalance, overcommitment and self-reported health: is it the interaction that matters? J Occup Organ Psychol 2007;80:91–107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EuroQol. A new facility for the measurement of health related quality of life. The EuroQol Group. Health Policy 1990;16:199–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabin R, de Charro F. EQ-5D: a measure of health status from the EuroQol Group. Ann Med 2001;33:337–343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coons SJ, Rao S, Keininger DL, Hays RD. A comparative review of generic quality-of-life instruments. Pharmacoeconomics 2000;17:13–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Main CJ, Wood PL, Hollis S, Spanswick CC, Waddell G. The distress and risk assessment method. A simple patient classification to identify ditress and evaluate the risk of poor outcome. Spine 1992;17:42–52.
   Google Scholar
• Main CJ. The modified somatic perception Questionnaire (MSPQ). J Psychosom Res 1983;27:503–514.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melamed S, Kushnir T, Shirom A. Burnout and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Behav Med 1992;18:53–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossi G, Perski A, Evengard B, Blomkvist V, Orth-Gomer K. Physiological correlates of burnout among women. J Psychosom Res 2003;55:309–316.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deyo RA, Walsh NE, Schoenfeld LS, Ramamurthy S. Studies of the Modified Somatic Perceptions Questionnaire (MSPQ) in patients with back pain. Psychometric and predictive properties. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1989;14:507–510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirom A, Melamed S. A comparison of the construct validity of two burnout measures in two groups of professionals. Int J Stress Manag 2006;13:176–200.
   Google Scholar
• Zung WW. A Self-Rating Depression Scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1965;12:63–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feise RJ, Menke JM. Functional Rating Index. A new valid and reliable instrument to measure the magnitude of clinical change in spinal conditions. Spine 2001;26:78–87.
   Google Scholar
• Unden AL, Elofsson S. Health from the patient's point of view. How does it relate to the physician's judgement? Fam Pract 2001;18:174–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kivimäki M, Ferrie J, Hagberg J, Head J, Westerlund H, Vahtera J, Alexanderson K. Diagnosis-specific sick leave as a risk marker for disability pension in a Swedish population. J Epidemiol Community Health 2007;61:915–920.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Von Korff M, Crane P, Lane M, Miglioretti DL, Simon G, Saunders K, Stang P, Brandenburg N, Kessler R. Chronic spinal pain and physical-mental comorbidity in the United States: results from the national comorbidity survey replication. Pain 2005;113:331–339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buist-Bouwman MA, de Graaf R, Vollebergh WA, Ormel J. Comorbidity of physical and mental disorders and the effect on work-loss days. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005;111: 436–443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martimo KP, Varonen H, Husman K, Viikari-Juntura E. Factors associated with self-assessed work ability. Occup Med (Lond) 2007;57:380–382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegrist J. Chronic psychosocial stress at work and risk of depression: evidence from prospective studies. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008;258 (Suppl 5): 115–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamperiene M, Nygard JF, Sandanger I, Lau B, Bruusgaard D. Self-reported work ability of Norwegian women in relation to physical and mental health, and to the work environment. J Occup Med Toxicol 2008;3:8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alavinia SM, de Boer AG, van Duivenbooden JC, Frings-Dresen MH, Burdorf A. Determinants of work ability and its predictive value for disability. Occup Med (Lond) 2009;59:32–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindberg P, Josephson M, Alfredsson L, Vingard E. Comparisons between five self-administered instruments predicting sick leaves in a 4-year follow-up. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2009;82:227–234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertakis KD, Azari R, Helms LJ, Callahan EJ, Robbins JA. Gender differences in the utilization of health care services. J Fam Pract 2000;49:147–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enthoven P, Skargren E, Oberg B. Clinical course in patients seeking primary care for back or neck pain: a prospective 5-year follow-up of outcome and health care consumption with subgroup analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2004;29:2458–2465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar