724
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Movement of the S4 segment in the hERG potassium channel during membrane depolarization

, , &
Pages 435-447 | Received 24 Mar 2009, Accepted 06 Sep 2009, Published online: 02 Nov 2009

References

  • Trudeau MC, Warmke JW, Ganetzky B, Robertson GA. 1995. HERG, a human inward rectifier in the voltage-gated potassium channel family. Science 269:92–95.
  • Sanguinetti MC, Jiang C, Curran ME, Keating MT. 1995. A mechanistic link between an inherited and an acquired cardiac arrhythmia: HERG encodes the IKr potassium channel. Cell 81:299–307.
  • Sanguinetti MC, Tristani-Firouzi M. 2006. hERG potassium channels and cardiac arrhythmia. Nature 440:463–469.
  • Perrin MJ, Subbiah RN, Vandenberg JI, Hill AP. 2008. Human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K+ channels: Function and dysfunction. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 98:137–148.
  • Smith PL, Baukrowitz T, Yellen G. 1996. The inward rectification mechanism of the HERG cardiac potassium channel. Nature 379:833–836.
  • Spector PS, Curran ME, Zou A, Keating MT, Sanguinetti MC. 1996. Fast inactivation causes rectification of the IKr channel. J Gen Physiol 107:611–619.
  • Schönherr R, Heinemann SH. 1996. Molecular determinants for activation and inactivation of HERG, a human inward rectifier potassium channel. J Physiol 493:635–642.
  • Bezanilla F. 2008. How membrane proteins sense voltage. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:323–332.
  • Swartz KJ. 2008. Sensing voltage across lipid membranes. Nature 456:891–897.
  • Tombola F, Pathak MM, Isacoff EY. 2006. How does voltage open an ion channel? Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 22:23–52.
  • Long SB, Campbell EB, Mackinnon R. 2005. Crystal structure of a mammalian voltage-dependent Shaker family K+ channel. Science 309:897–903.
  • Jiang Y, Lee A, Chen J, Ruta V, Cadene M, Chait BT, MacKinnon R. 2003. X-ray structure of a voltage-dependent K+ channel. Nature 423:33–41.
  • Alabi AA, Bahamonde MI, Jung HJ, Kim JI, Swartz KJ. 2007. Portability of paddle motif function and pharmacology in voltage sensors. Nature 450:370–375.
  • Tao X, MacKinnon R. 2008. Functional analysis of Kv1.2 and paddle chimera Kv channels in planar lipid bilayers. J Mol Biol 382:24–33.
  • Bosmans F, Martin-Eauclaire MF, Swartz KJ. 2008. Deconstructing voltage sensor function and pharmacology in sodium channels. Nature 456:202–208.
  • Larsson HP, Baker OS, Dhillon DS, Isacoff EY. 1996. Transmembrane movement of the shaker K+ channel S4. Neuron 16:387–397.
  • Yusaf SP, Wray D, Sivaprasadarao A. 1996. Measurement of the movement of the S4 segment during the activation of a voltage-gated potassium channel. Pflügers Arch 433:91–97.
  • Yang N, George ALJr., Horn R. 1996. Molecular basis of charge movement in voltage-gated sodium channels. Neuron 16:113–122.
  • Ruta V, Chen J, MacKinnon R. 2005. Calibrated measurement of gating-charge arginine displacement in the KvAP voltage-dependent K+ channel. Cell 123:463–475.
  • Elliott DJ, Neale EJ, Aziz Q, Dunham JP, Munsey TS, Hunter M, Sivaprasadarao A. 2004. Molecular mechanism of voltage sensor movements in a potassium channel. EMBO J 23:4717–4726.
  • Zhang M, Liu J, Tseng GN. 2004. Gating charges in the activation and inactivation processes of the HERG channel. J Gen Physiol 124:703–718.
  • Smith PL, Yellen G. 2002. Fast and slow voltage sensor movements in HERG potassium channels. J Gen Physiol 119:275–293.
  • Piper DR, Varghese A, Sanguinetti MC, Tristani-Firouzi M. 2003. Gating currents associated with intramembrane charge displacement in HERG potassium channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:10534–10539.
  • Zhang M, Liu J, Jiang M, Wu DM, Sonawane K, Guy HR, Tseng GN. 2005. Interactions between charged residues in the transmembrane segments of the voltage-sensing domain in the hERG channel. J Membrane Biol 207:169–181.
  • Baker OS, Larsson HP, Mannuzzu LM, Isacoff EY. 1998. Three transmembrane conformations and sequence-dependent displacement of the S4 domain in Shaker K+; channel gating. Neuron 20:1283–1294.
  • Jiang Y, Ruta V, Chen J, Lee A, MacKinnon R. 2003. The principle of gating charge movement in a voltage-dependent K+ channel. Nature 423:42–48.
  • Wang MH, Yusaf SP, Elliott DJ, Wray D, Sivaprasadarao A. 1999. Effect of cysteine substitutions on the topology of the S4 segment of the Shaker potassium channel: Implications for molecular models of gating. J Physiol 521:315–326.
  • Neale EJ, Elliott DJ, Hunter M, Sivaprasadarao A. 2003. Evidence for intersubunit interactions between S4 and S5 transmembrane segments of the Shaker potassium channel. J Biol Chem 278:29079–29085.
  • Schönherr R, Mannuzzu LM, Isacoff EY, Heinemann SH. 2002. Conformational switch between slow and fast gating modes: Allosteric regulation of voltage sensor mobility in the EAG K+ channel. Neuron 35:935–949.
  • Silverman WR, Bannister JP, Papazian DM. 2004. Binding site in eag voltage sensor accommodates a variety of ions and is accessible in closed channel. Biophys J 87:3110–3121.
  • Liu J, Zhang M, Jiang M, Tseng GN. 2003. Negative charges in the transmembrane domains of the HERG K channel are involved in the activation and deactivation-gating processes. J Gen Physiol 121:599–614.
  • Kopp J, Schwede T. 2006. The SWISS-MODEL Repository: New features and functionalities. Nucleic Acids Res 34:D315–318.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.