Antipsychotics, Glycemic Disorders, and Life-Threatening Diabetic Events: A Bayesian Data-Mining Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (1968–2004)

References

• Dixon L, Weiden P. Delahanty J, Goldberg R, Postrado L, Lucksted A, Lehman A. Prevalence and correlates of diabetes in national schizophrenia samples. Schizophr Bull. 2000;26:903–912.
   Google Scholar
• Liebzeit KA, Markowitz JS, Caley CF. New onset diabetes and atypical antipsychotics. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2001; 11:25–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindenmayer JP, Nathan AM, Smith RC. Hyperglycemia associ-ated with the use of atypical antipsychotics. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62\(suppl 23):30–38.
   Google Scholar
• Mir S, Taylor D. Atypical antipsychotics and hyperglycaemia. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001;16:63–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirshing DA, Spellberg BJ, Erhart SM, Marder SR, Wirshing WC. Novel antipsychotics and new onset diabetes. Biol Psychia-try. 1998;44:778–783.
   Google Scholar
• Jin H, Meyer JM, Jeste DV. Phenomenology of and risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis associ-ated with atypical antipsychotics: an analysis of 45 published cases. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2002;14: 59–64.
   Google Scholar
• Koller EA, Cross JT, Doraiswamy PM, Schneider BS. Risperidone-associated diabetes mellitus: a pharmacovigilance study. Pharmacotherapy. 2003;23:735–744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koller E, Schneider B, Bennett K, Dubitsky G. Clozapine-associated diabetes. Am J Med. 2001;111:716–723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koller EA, Doraiswamy PM. Olanzapine-associated diabetes mellitus. Pharmacotherapy. 2002;22:841–852.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koller E, Malozowski S, Doraiswamy PM. Atypical antipsy-chotic drugs and hyperglycemia in adolescents. JAMA. 2001; 286:2547–2548.
   Google Scholar
• Allison DB, Mentore IL, Heo M, Chandler LP, Cappelleri JC, Infante MC, Weiden PJ. Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a comprehensive research synthesis. Am J Psychiatry. 1999; 156:1686–1696.
   Google Scholar
• Buse JB, Cavazzoni P. Hombuckle K, Hutchins D, Breier A, Jovanovic L. A retrospective cohort study of diabetes mellitus and antipsychotic treatment in the United States. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;56:164–170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Citrome LL, Jaffe AB. Relationship of atypical antipsychotics with development of diabetes mellitus. Ann Pharmacother. 2003; 37:1849–1857.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuller MA, Shermock KM, Secic M, Grogg AL. Comparative study of the development of diabetes mellitus in patients tak-ing risperidone and olanzapine. Pharmacotherapy. 2003; 23:1037–1043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gianfrancesco F, White R, Wang RH, Nasrallah HA. Antipsychotic-induced type 2 diabetes: evidence from a large health plan database. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003; 23 :328–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson DC, Cagliero E, Gray C, Nasrallah RA, Hayden DL, Schoenfeld DA, Goff DC. Clozapine, diabetes mellitus, weight gain, and lipid abnormalities: a five-year naturalistic study. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157:975–981.
   Google Scholar
• Meyer JM. Effects of atypical antipsychotics on weight and serum lipid levels. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62\(suppl 27):27–34.
   Google Scholar
• Wirshing DA, Pierre JM, Eyeler J, Weinbach J, Wirshing WC. Risperidone-associated new-onset diabetes. Biol Psychiatry. new-onset diabetes. Biol Psychiatry. 2001;50:148–149.
   Google Scholar
• Caro JJ, Ward A, Levinton C, Robinson K. The risk of diabetes during olanzapine use compared with risperidone use: a retrospec-tive database analysis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63:1135–1139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gianfrancesco F, Grogg A, Mahmoud R, Wang RH, Meletiche D. Differential effects of antipsychotic agents on the risk of develop-ment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with mood disorders. Clin Ther. 2003;25: 1150–1171.
   Google Scholar
• Gianfrancesco FD, Grogg AL, Mahmoud RA, Wang RH, Nasrallah HA. Differential effects of risperidone, olanzapine, clozapine, and conventional antipsychotics on type 2 diabetes: findings from a large health plan database. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63 :920–930.
   Google Scholar
• Koro CE, Fedder DO, L'Italien GJ, Weiss SS, Magder LS, Kreyenbuhl J, Revicki DA, Buchanan RW. Assessment of inde-pendent effect of olanzapine and risperidone on risk of diabetes among patients with schizophrenia: population based nested case-control study. BMJ. 2002;325:243–247.
   Google Scholar
• Sernyak MJ, Leslie DL, Alarcon RD, Losonczy MF, Rosenheck R. Association of diabetes mellitus with use of atypical neuroleptics in the treatment of schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:561–566.
   Google Scholar
• Feldman PD, Hay LK, Deberdt W, Kennedy JS, Hutchins DS, Hay DP, Hardy TA, Hoffmann VP, Hombuckle K, Breier A. Retrospective cohort study of diabetes mellitus and antipsychotic treatment in a geriatric population in the United States. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2004;5:38–46.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FDA Quarterly Data Extract from the Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) [database on CD-ROM]. Washington: Food and Drug Administration; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Fram DM, Almenoff JS, DuMouchel W. Empirical Bayesian data mining for discovering patterns in post-marketing drug safety. Proceedings of the Ninth ACM SIGKDD International Confer-ence on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. New York: ACM Press;2003:359–368.
   Google Scholar
• DuMouchel W, Pregibon D. Empirical Bayes screening for multi-item associations. Proceedings of the Seventh ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Min-ing. New York: ACM Press;2001:67–76.
   Google Scholar
• van der Heijden PG, van Puijenbroek EP, van Buuren S, van der Hofstede JW. On the assessment of adverse drug reactions from spontaneous reporting systems: the influence of under-reporting on odds ratios. Stat Med. 2002;21:2027–2044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedenmalm K, Hagg S, Stahl M, Mortimer 0, Spigset 0. Glucose intolerance with atypical antipsychotics. Drug Saf 2002; 25:1107–1116.
   Google Scholar