REFERENCES
- Chen CN, Wong J, Lee N, Chan-Ho MW, Lau JT, Fung M: The Shatin Community Mental Health Survey in Hong Kong II. Major findings. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993; 50:125–133.
- Volberg RA, Steadman HJ: Refining prevalence estimates of pathological gambling. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 144:1184–1188
- American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd E. Rev. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1987
- McElroy SL, Hudson JI, Pope HG, Keck PE, Aizley HG: The DSM-III-R impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified: Clinical characteristics and relationship to other psychiatric disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149:318–327
- McElroy SL, Pope HG Jr, Hudson JL, Keck PE, White KL: Kleptomania: A report of 20 cases. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148:652–657
- Linden RD, Pope HG Jr, Jonas JM: Pathological gambling and major affective disorder: Preliminary findings. J Clin Psy-chiatry 1986; 47:201–203
- Swedo SE, Leondard HL, Rapoport JL, Lenane MC, Gold-berger EL, Cheslow DL: A double-blind comparison of clomi-pramine and desipramine in the treatment of trichotillomania (hair pulling). N Engl J Med 1989; 321:497–501
- Christenson GA, Mackenzie TB, Mitchell JE: Characteristics of 60 adult chronic hair pullers. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148:365–370
- Christenson GA, Faber RJ, de Zwaan M, Raymond NC, Specker SM, Ekern MD, Mackenzie TB, Crosby RD, Crow SJ, Eckert ED, Mussell MB, Mitchell JE: Compulsive buying: Descriptive characteristics and psychiatric comorbidity. J Clin Psychiatry 1994; 55:5–11
- Linnoila M, Virlckunen M, Scheinin M, Nuutila M, Rimon R, Goodwin FK: Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindo-leacetic acid concentration differentiates impulsive from nonimpulsive violent behavior. Life Sci 1983; 33:2609–2614
- Virklcunen M, De Jong J, Bartko 1, Linnoila M: Psychobi-ological concomitants of history of suicide attempts among violent offenders and impulsive fire setters. Arch Gen Psy-chiatry 1989; 46:604–606
- Ramirez LF, McCormick RA, Russo AM, Taber JI: Patterns of substance abuse in pathological gamblers undergoing treat-ment. Addict Behav 1983; 8:425–428
- McCormick RA, Russo AM, Ramirez LF, Taber JI: Affective disorders among pathological gambler seeking treatment. Am J Psychiatry 1984; 141:215–218
- Roy A, Adinoff B, Roehrich L, Lamparski D, Custer, R, Lo-renz V, Barbaccia M, Guidotti A, Costa E, Linnoila M: Patho-logical gambling: A psychobiological study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988; 45:369–373
- Carlton PL, Manowitz P, McBride H, Nora R, Swartzburg M, Goldstein L: Attention deficit disorder and pathological gam-bling. I Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48:487–488
- Carlton .PL, Manowitz P: Behavioral restraint and symptoms of attention deficit disorder in alcoholics and pathological gamblers. Neuropsychobiology 1992; 25:44–48
- Rugle L, Melamed L: Neuropsychological assessment of at-tention problems in pathological gamblers. J Ment Nerv Dis 1993; 181:107–112
- Schlosser S, Black DW, Repertinger S, Freet D: Compulsive buying: Demography, phenomenology, and comorbidity in 46 subjects. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1994; 16:205–212
- McElroy, SL, Keck PE Jr., Pope HG Jr., Smith MR, Strak-owski SM: Compulsive buying: A report of 20 cases. J Clin Psychiatry 1994; 55: 242–248
- Williams JBW, Gibbon M, First MB, Spitzer RL, Davies M, Borus J, Howes MJ, Kane J, Pope HG Jr., Rounsaville B, Wittchen H: The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-HI (SCID). Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991; 49:630–636
- Lesieur HR, Blume SB: The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): A new instrument for the identification of patho-logical gamblers. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 144:1184–1188
- Cantwell DP: Psychiatric illness in the families of hyperactive children. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972; 70:414–417
- Cocores JA, Davies RK, Mueller PS, Gold MS: Cocaine abuse and adult attention deficit disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48:376–377
- DeObaldia, Parsons OA: Relationship of neuropsychological performance to primary alcoholism and self-reported symp-toms of childhood minimal brain dysfunction. J Stud Alcohol 1984; 45:386–392