Ranimustine, ifosfamide, procarbazine, dexamethasone, and etoposide therapy for central nervous system recurrence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in patients with poor performance status: a pilot study

References

• Sehn LH, Donaldson J, Chhanabhai M, et al. Introduction of combined CHOP plus rituximab therapy dramatically improved outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in British Columbia. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:5027–5033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Besien K, Ha CS, Murphy S, et al. Risk factors, treatment, and outcome of central nervous system recurrence in adults with intermediate-grade and immunoblastic lymphoma. Blood 1998;91:1178–1184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feugier P, Virion JM, Tilly H, et al. Incidence and risk factors for central nervous system occurrence in elderly patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma: influence of rituximab. Ann Oncol 2004;15:129–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bierman P, Giglio P. Diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system involvement in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2005;19:597–609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bashir RM, Bierman PJ, Vose JM, et al. Central nervous system involvement in patients with diffuse aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Am J Clin Oncol 1991;14:478–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doolittle ND, Abrey LE, Shenkier TN, et al. Brain parenchyma involvement as isolated central nervous system relapse of systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma: an International Primary CNS Lymphoma Collaborative Group report. Blood 2008;111:1085–1093.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macdonald DR, Cascino TL, Schold SC Jr, et al. Response criteria for phase II studies of supratentorial malignant glioma. J Clin Oncol 1990;8:1277–1280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boehme V, Schmitz N, Zeynalova S, et al. CNS events in elderly patients with aggressive lymphoma treated with modern chemotherapy (CHOP-14) with or without rituximab: an analysis of patients treated in the RICOVER-60 trial of the German high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma study group (DSHNHL). Blood 2009;113:3896–3902.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez MA, Cabanillas FC, Velazquez WS, et al. Result of a salvage treatment program for relapsing lymphoma: MESNA/ifosfamide, novantrone, and etoposide (MINE), consolidated with etoposide, solumedrol, high dose arabinoside, and cisplatinum (ESHAP). J Clin Oncol 1995; 13:1734–1741.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salar A, Martino R, Perea G, et al. High-dose infusional ifosfamide, etoposide plus methylprednisolone followed by dexamethasone, high-dose ara-C and cisplatinum and autologous stem cell transplantation for refractory or relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Haematologica 2002;87:1028–1035.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freilich RJ, Delattre JY, Monjour A, et al. Chemotherapy without radiation therapy as initial treatment for primary CNS lymphoma in older patients. Neurology 1996;46:435–439.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen IA, Vogel R, Matz S, et al. Successful nonneurotoxic therapy (without radiation) of a multifocal primary brain lymphoma with a methotrexate, vincristine, and BCNU protocol (DEMOB). Cancer 1986;57:6–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imagawa K, Kawasaki M, Toda I, et al. Pharmacokinetics of ACNU in cerebrospinal fluid. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1982;9:1543–1548.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harada K, Kiya K, Uosumi T. Pharmacokinetics of a new water-soluble nitrosourea derivative (ACNU) in human gliomas. Surg Neurol 1981;15:410–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyagami M, Tazoe M, Tsubokawa T. MCNU delivery into malignant brain tumor and normal brain tissue by intravenous or intraarterial infusion. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1990;17:275–280.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brade W, Herdrich K, Varini M. Ifosphamide-pharmacology, safety and therapeutic potential. Cancer Treat Rev 1985;12:1–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ninane J, Baurain R, de Kraker J, et al. Alkylating activity in serum, urine, and CSF following high-dose ifosfamide in children. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1989;24(Suppl. 1): S2–S6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Joel GH, Lee EL. Goodman & Gilman’s the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 9th ed. New York:McGraw-Hill; 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Postmus PE, Holthuis JJ, Haaxma-Reiche H, et al. Penetration of VP 16-213 into cerebrospinal fluid after high-dose intravenous administration. J Clin Oncol 1984;2:215–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiya K, Uozumi T, Ogasawara H, et al. Penetration of etoposide into human malignant brain tumors after intravenous and oral administration. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992;29:339–342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris PG, Abrey LE. Therapeutic challenges in primary CNS lymphoma. Lancet Neurol 2009;8:581–592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pels H, Schmidt-Wolf IG, Glasmacher A, et al. Primary central nervous system lymphoma: results of a pilot and phase II study of systemic and intraventricular chemotherapy with deferred radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:4489–4495.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim SJ, Oh SY, Kim JS, et al. Secondary central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a therapeutic dilemma. Ann Hematol 2011;90:539–546.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poortmans PM, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Haaxma-Reiche H, et al. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lymphoma Group. High-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy followed by consolidating radiotherapy in non-AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lymphoma Group Phase II Trial 20962. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:4483–4488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batchelor T, Loeffler JS. Primary CNS lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:1281–1288.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harjunpää A, Wiklund T, Collan J, et al. Complement activation in circulation and central nervous system after rituximab (anti-CD20) treatment of B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2001;42:731–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vellenga E, van Putten WL, van’t Veer MB, et al. Rituximab improves the treatment results of DHAP-VIM-DHAP and ASCT in relapsed/progressive aggressive CD20+ NHL: a prospective randomized HOVON trial. Blood 2008;111:537–543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kewalramani T, Zelenetz AD, Nimer SD, et al. Rituximab and ICE as second-line therapy before autologous stem cell transplantation for relapsed or primary refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2004;103:3684–3688.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sud R, Friedberg JW. Salvage therapy for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: impact of prior rituximab. Haematologica 2008;93:1776–1780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blay JY, Conroy T, Chevreau C, et al. High-dose methotrexate for the treatment of primary cerebral lymphomas: analysis of survival and late neurologic toxicity in a retrospective series. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:864–871.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrey LE, DeAngelis LM, Yahalom J. Long-term survival in primary CNS lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:859–863.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar