References
- Lazarus HM, Richards SM, Chopra R, et al.; Medical Research Council (MRC)/National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Adult Leukaemia Working Party of the United Kingdom and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Central nervous system involvement in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia at diagnosis: results from the international ALL trial MRC UKALL XII/ECOG E2993. Blood 2006;108:465–472.
- Reman O, Pigneux A, Huguet F, et al.; GET-LALA group. Central nervous system involvement in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia at diagnosis and/or at first relapse: Results from the GET-LALA group. Leuk Res 2008;32:1741–1750.
- Omura GA, Moffitt S, Vogler WR, et al. Combination chemotherapy of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia with randomized central nervous system prophylaxis. Blood 1980;55:199–204.
- Surapaneni UR, Cortes JE, Thomas D, et al. Central nervous system relapse in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 2002;94:773–779.
- Cortes J. Central nervous system involvement in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2001;15: 145–162.
- Kantarjian HM, Walters RS, Smith TL, et al. Identification of risk groups for development of central nervous system leukemia in adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1988;72:1784–1789.
- Cortes J, O’Brien SM, Pierce S, et al. The value of high-dose systemic chemotherapy and intrathecal therapy for central nervous system prophylaxis in different risk groups of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1995;86:2091–2097.
- Sancho JM, Ribera JM, Oriol A, et al.; Programa para el Estudio y Tratamiento de Hemopatias Malignas Group. Central nervous system recurrence in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: frequency and prognosis in 467 patients without cranial irradiation for prophylaxis. Cancer 2006;106:2540–2546.
- Bassan R, Hoelzer D. Modern therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:532–543.
- Jabbour E, Thomas D, Cortes J, et al. Central nervous system prophylaxis in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: current and emerging therapies. Cancer 2010;116:2290–2300.
- German Multicenter Study Group for Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (GMALL), Frankfurt, Germany. August 2009. Available from: www.kompetenznetz-leukaemie.de/content/e50/e21132/e21133/index_ger.html
- Gokbuget N, Hartog CM, Bassan R, et al.; German Multicenter Study Group for Adult ALL and the European Working Group for Adult ALL. Liposomal cytarabine is effective and tolerable in the treatment of central nervous system relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and very aggressive lymphoma. Haematologica 2011;96:238–244.
- Gokbuget N, Kneba M, Raff T, et al.; German Multicenter Study Group for Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and molecular failure display a poor prognosis and are candidates for stem cell transplantation and targeted therapies. Blood 2012;120:1868–1876.
- Jabbour E, O’Brien S, Kantarjian H, et al. Neurologic complications associated with intrathecal liposomal cytarabine given prophylactically in combination with high-dose methotrexate and cytarabine to patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2007;109:3214–3218.
- McClune B, Buadi FK, Aslam N, et al. Intrathecal liposomal cytarabine for prevention of meningeal disease in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia and high-grade lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2007;48:1849–1851.
- Pui CH, Thiel E. Central nervous system disease in hematologic malignancies: historical perspective and practical applications. Semin Oncol 2009;36:S2–S16.
- Vilmer E, Suciu S, Ferster A, et al. Long-term results of three randomized trials (58831, 58832, 58881) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a CLCG-EORTC report. Children Leukemia Cooperative Group. Leukemia 2000;14:2257–2266.
- Goekbuget N, Beck J, Brueggemann M, et al. Moderate intensive chemotherapy including CNS-prophylaxis with liposomal cytarabine is feasible and effective in older patients with ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): results of a prospective trial from the German Multicenter Study Group for Adult ALL (GMALL). Blood 2012;120(Suppl. 1): Abstract 1493.