C-Kit receptors in childhood malignant lymphoblastic cells

References

• Smith S. D., Rubin C. M., Horvath A., Nachman J. Non Hodgkin's lymphoma in children. Sernin. Oncol. 1990; 17(No. 1)113–119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magrath I. Pediatric Oncology, P. A. Pizzo, D. G. Poplack. J.B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia 1993; 537–575
   Google Scholar
• Galli S. J., Zsebo K. M., Geissler E. N. The kit ligand, stem cell factor. Adv. lmmunol. 1994; 55: 1–96
   Google Scholar
• Zsebo K. M., Wypych J., McNiece I. K., Lu H. S., Smith K. A., Karkare S. B., Sachdev R. K., Yuschenkoff V. N., Birkett N. C., Williams L. R. Identification, purification, and biological characterization of hematopoietic stem cell factor from buffalo rat liver-conditioned medium. Cell. 1990; 63: 195–201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yarden Y., Kuang W.-J., Yang-Feng T., Coussens L., Munemitsu S., Dull T. J., Chen E., Schlessinger J., Francke U., Ullrich A. Human proto-oncogene c-kit: a new cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase for an unidentified ligand. Embo. J. 1987; 6: 3341–3351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratajczak M. Z., Luger S. M., DeRiel K., Abrahm J., Calabretta B., Gewirtz A. M. Role of the KIT protooncogene in normal and malignant human hematopoietis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1992; 89: 1710–1714
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogawa K., Tashima M., Toi T., Sawai H., Sawada H., Fujita J., Maruyama Y., Okuma M. Inhibition of erythroid differentiation by stem cell factor in K562 cells expressing the c-kit gene. Exp. Hematol. 1994; 22: 45–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerner N. B., Nocka K. H., Cole S. R., Qiu F. H., Strife A., Ashman L. K., Besmer P. Monoclonal antibody YB5.B8 identifies the human c-kit protein product. Blood 1991; 77: 1876–1883
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avraham H., Vannier E., Cowley S., Jiang S. X., Chi S., Dinarello C. A., Zsebo K. M., Groopman J. E. Effects of the stem cell factor, c-kit ligand, on human megakaryocytic cells. Blood 1992; 79: 365–371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serve H., Yee N. S., Stella G., Sepp Lorenzino L., Tan J. C., Besmer P. Differential roles of P13-kinase and Kit tyrosine 821 in Kit receptor-mediated proliferation, survival and cell adhesion in mast cells. EMBO J. 1995; 14: 473–483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikeda H., Kanakura Y., Tamaki T., Kuriu A., Kitayama H., Ishikawa J., Kanayama Y., Yonezawa T., Tarui S., Griffin J. D. Expression and functional role of the proto-oncogene c-kit in acute myeloblastic leukemia cells. Blood 1991; 78: 2962–2968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanakura Y., Ikeda H., Kitayama H., Sugahara H., Furitsu T. Expression, function and activation of the proto-oncogene c-kit product in human leukemia cells. Leuk. Lymphoma 1993; 10: 35–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andre C., D'Auriol L., Lacombe C., Gisselbrecht S., Galibert F. C-kit mRNA expression in human and murine hematopoietic cell lines. Oncogene 1989; 4: 1047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu Z. B., Ma W., Uphoff C. C., Quentmeier H., Drexler H. G. c-kit expression in human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell lines. Blood 1994; 83: 2133–2144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buhring H. J., Ullrich A., Schaudt K., Muller C. A., Busch F. W. The product of the proto-oncogene c-kit (P145c-kit) is a human bone marrow surface antigen of hemopoietic precursor cells which is expressed on a subset of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemic cells. Leukemia 1991; 5: 854–860
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubota A., Okamura S., Shimoda K., Harada M., Niho Y. The c-kit molecule and the surface immunophenotype of human acute leukemia. Leuk. Lymphoma 1994; 14: 421–428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muroi K., Nakamura M., Amemiya Y., Suda T., Miura Y. Expression of c-kit receptor (CD117) and CD34 in leukemic cells. Leuk. Lymphoma 1995; 16: 297–305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishii K., Kita K., Miwa H., Kawakami K., Nakase K., Masuya M., Morita N., Omay S. B., Otsuji N., Fukumoto M. c-kit gene expression in CD7-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: close correlation with expression of myeloid-associated antigen CD13. Leukemia. 1992; 6: 662–668
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauria F., Bagnara G. P., Rondelli D., Raspadori D., Strippoli P., Bonsi L., Ventura M. A., Montanaro L. L., Bubola G., Tura S. Cytofluorimetric and functional analysis of c-kit receptor in acute leukemia. Leuk. Lymphoma 1995; 18: 451–455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billips L. G., Petitte D., Dorshkind K., Narayanan R., Chiu C. P., Landreth K. S. Differential roles of stromal cells, interleukin-7, and kit-ligand in the regulation of B lymphopoiesis. Blood 1992; 79: 1185–1192
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steel C. M., Hutchins D. Soluble factors and cell-surface molecules involved in human B lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1989; 989: 133–151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melchers F., Haasner D., Grawunder U., Kalberer C., Karasuyama H., Winkler T., Rolink A. G. Roles of IgH and L chains and of surrogate H and L chains in the development of cells of the B lymphocyte lineage. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 1994; 12: 209–225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yasunaga M., Wang F., Kunisada T., Nishikawa S. Cell cycle control of c-kit+IL-7R+ B precursor cells by two distinct signals derived from IL-7 receptor and c-kit in a fully defined medium. J. Exp. Med. 1995; 182: 315–323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godfrey D. I., Kennedy J., Suda T., Zlotnik A. A developmental pathway involving four phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets of CD3-CD4-CD8- triple-negative adult mouse thymocytes defined by CD44 and CD25 expression. J. Immunol. 1993; 150: 4244–4252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuzaki Y., Gyotoku J., Ogawa M., Nishikawa S., Katsura Y., Gachelin G., Nakauchi H. Characterization of c-kit positive intrathymic stem cells that are restricted to lymphoid differentiation. J. Exp. Med. 1993; 178: 1283–1292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodewald H. R., Kretzschmar K., Swat W., Takeda S. Intrathymically expressed c-kit ligand (stem cell factor) is a major factor driving expansion of very immature thymocytes in vivo. Immunity 1995; 3: 313–319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore T. A., Zlotnik A. T-cell lineage commitment and cytokine responses of thymic progenitors. Blood 1995; 86: 1850–1860
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ktorza S., Sarun S., Rieux Laucat F., De Villartay J. P., Debre P., Schmitt C. CD34-positive early human thymocytes: T cell receptor and cytokine receptor gene expression. Eur. J. Immunal. 1995; 25: 2471–2478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNiece I. K., Langley K. E., Zsebo K. M. The role of recombinant stem cell factor in early B cell development. Synergistic interaction with IL-7. J. Immunol. 1991; 146: 3785–3790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Funk P. E., Varas A., Witte P. L. Activity of stem cell factor and IL-7 in combination on normal bone marrow B lineage cells. J. Immunol. 1993; 150: 748–752
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inui S., Sakaguchi N. Establishment of a murine pre-B cell clone dependent on interleukin-7 and stem cell factor. Immunol. Lett. 1992; 34: 279–288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steel C. M.D. Soluble factors and cell-surface molecules involved in human B lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1989; 989: 133–151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godfrey D. I., Zlotnik A., Suda T. Phenotypic and functional characterization of c-kit expression during intrathymic T cell development. J. Immunol. 1992; 149: 2281–2285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrissey P. J., McKenna H., Widmer M. B., Braddy S., Voice R., Charrier K., Williams D. E., Watson J. D. Steel factor (c-kit ligand) stimulates the in vitro growth of immature CD3-/CD4-/CD8- thymocytes: synergy with IL-7. Cell. Immunol. 1994; 157: 118–131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirayama F., Lyman S. D., Clark S. C., Ogawa M. The flt3 ligand supports proliferation of lymphohematopoietic progenitors and early B-lymphoid progenitors. Blood 1995; 85: 1762–1768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuji K., Lyman S. D., Sudo T., Clark S. C., Ogawa M. Enhancement of murine hematopoiesis by synergistic interactions between steel factor (ligand for c-kit), interleukin-11, and other early acting factors in culture. Blood 1992; 79: 2855–2860
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan D. H., Nuccie B. L., Ritterman I., Liesveld J. L., Abboud C. N. Cytokine regulation of early human lymphopoiesis. J. Immunol. 1994; 152: 5250–5258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogawa M., Matsuzaki Y., Nishikawa S., Hayashi S.-I., Kunisada T., Sudo T., Kina T., Nakauchi H., Nishikawa S.-I. Expression and function of c-kit in hemopoietic progenitor cells. J. Exp. Med. 1991; Volume 174: 63–71
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landreth K. S., Kincade P. W., Lee G., Harrison D. E. B lymphocyte precursors in embryonic and adult W anemic mice. J. Immunol. 1984; 132: 2724
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godfrey D. I., Kennedy J., Mombaerts P., Tonegawa S., Zlotnik A. Onset of TCR-beta gene rearrangement and role of TCR-beta expression during CD3-CD4-CD8- thymocyte differentiation. J. Immunol. 1994; 152: 4783–4792
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hozumi K., Kondo M., Nozaki H., Kobori A., Nishimura T., Nishikawa S., Sugamura K., Habu S. Implication of the common gamma chain of the IL-7 receptor in intrathymic development of pro-T cells. Int. Immunol. 1994; 6: 1451–1454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tweedale M., Jamal N., Nguyen A., Wang X. H., Minden M. D., Messner H. A. Production of growth factors by malignant lymphoma cell lines. Blood 1989; Vol 74(No 2)572–578
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torcia M., Aldinucci D., Carossino A. M., Imreh F., Cozzolino F. Biologic and clinical significance of cytokine production in B-cell malignancies. Eur. J. Haematol. Suppl. 1989; Vol 43: 35–42
   Google Scholar
• Hsu S.-M., Waldron J. W., Hsu P.-L., Hough A. J. Cytokines in malignant lymphomas: review and prospective evaluation. Human Pathology 1993; Vol 24(No 10)1040–1057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Touw I., Pouwels K., Van Agthoven T., Van Gurp R., Budel L., Hoogerbrugge H., Delwel R., Goodwin R., Namen A., Lowenberg B. Interleukin-7 is a growth factor of precursor B and T acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1990; Vol 75(No 11)2097–2101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomeczkowski J., Beilken A., Frick D., Wieland B., Konig A., Falk M., Reiter A., Welte K., Sykora K.-W. Absence of c-kit receptor and absent proliferative response to stem cell factor in childhood Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Blood 1995; 86: 1469–1480
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sappino A.-P., Seelentag W., Pelte M.-F., Alberto P., Vassalli P. Tumor necrosis factor/cachectin and lymphotoxin gene expression in lymph nodes from lymphoma patients. Blood 1990; 75: 958–962
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamin D., Wormsley S., Dower S. K. Heterogeneity in interleukin (IL)-1 receptors expressed on human B cell lines. Differences in the molecular properties of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta binding sites. J. Biol. Chem. 1990; 265: 9943–9951
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamin D., Hooker S., Miller J. Differential effects of teleocidin on TNFa receptor regulation in human B cell lines: relationship to coexpression of II-2 and IL-1 receptors and to lymphokine secretion. Cell. lmmunol. 1990; 125: 480–497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• König A., Reuter M., Tomeczkowski J., Yakisan E., Tidow N., Corbacioglu S., Welte K. Blood 1993; 82(No 10)231a, Abstract
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tomeczkowski J., Frick D., Schwinzer B., Reiter A., Welte K., Sykora K.-W. Acta Haematologica 1995; 93: 152, Abstract
   Google Scholar
• Brach M. A., Buhring H. J., Gruss H. J., Ashman L. K., Ludwig W. D., Mertelsmann R. H., Herrmann F. Functional expression of c-kit by acute myelogenous leukemia blasts is enhanced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha through posttranscriptional mRNA stabilization by a labile protein. Blood 1992; 80: 1224–1230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner A. M., Zsebo K. M., Martin F., Jacobsen F. W., Bennett L. G., Broudy V. C. Nonhematopoietic tumor cell lines express stem cell factor and display c-kit receptors. Blood 1992; 80: 374–381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamin D., Sharma V., Knobloch T. J., Armitage R. J., Dayton M. A., Goodwin R. G. Blood 1993; 82: 241a, Abstract
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sykora K.-W., Tomeczkowski J., Kirchhoff K., Yakisan E., Reiter A., Welte K. Blood 1994; 84: 159a, Abstract
   Google Scholar
• Shimada M. O., Yamada Y., Nakakuki Y., Okamoto K., Fukumoto M., Honjo T., Hiai H. SL/KH strain of mice: a model of spontaneous pre-B-lymphomas. Leuk. Res. 1993; 17: 573–578
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinto A., Gloghini A., Gattei V., Aldinucci D., Zagonel V., Carbone A. Expression of the c-kit receptor in human lymphomas is restricted to Hodgkin's disease and CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Blood 1994; 83: 785–792
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt C., Ktorza S., Sarun S., Blanc C., De Jong R., Debre P. CD34-expressing human thymocyte precursors proliferate in response to interleukin-7 but have lost myeloid differentiation potential. Blood 1993; 82: 3675–3685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papayannopoulou T., Brice M., Broudy V. C., Zsebo K. M. Isolation of c-kit receptor-expressing cells from bone marrow, peripheral blood, and fetal liver: functional properties and composite antigenic profile. Blood 1991; 78: 1403–1412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrari S., Grande A., Manfredini R., Tagliafico E., Zucchini P., Torelli G., Torelli U. Expression of interleukins 1, 3, 6, stem cell factor and their receptors in acute leukemia blast cells and in normal peripheral lymphocytes and monocytes. Eur. J. Haematol. 1993; 50: 141–148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiss C., Cesano A., Zsebo K. M., Clark S. C., Santoli D. Human stem cell factor (c-kit ligand) induces an autocrine loop of growth in a GM-CSF-dependent megakaryocytic leukemia cell line. Leukemia 1993; 7: 235–240
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kees U. R., Ashman L. K. Synergistic action of interleukin-2 and Steel factor (SLF) on a human T lymphoblastoid cell line. Leukemia 1995; 9: 1046–1050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomeczkowski J., Frick D., Schwinzer B., Wittner N., Ludwig W.-D., Reiter A., Welte K., Sykora K.-W. Expression and regulation of c-kit receptor and response to stem cell factor in childhood malignant T-lymphoblastic. cells 1996, submitted
   Google Scholar
• Yee N. S., Langen H., Besmer P. Mechanism of kit ligand, phorbol ester, and calcium-induced down-regulation of c-kit receptors in mast cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1993; 268: 14189–14201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinrich M. C., Dooley D. C., Keeble W. W. Transforming growth factor beta 1 inhibits expression of the gene products for steel factor and its receptor (c-kit). Blood 1995; 85: 1769–1780
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubois C. M., Ruscetti F. W., Stankova J., Keller J. R. Transforming growth factor-beta regulates c-kit message stability and cell-surface protein expression in hematopoietic progenitors. Blood 1994; 83: 3138–3145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sansilvestri P., Cardoso A. A., Batard P., Panterne B., Hatzfeld A., Lim B., Levesque J.-P., Monier M.-N., Hatzfeld J. Blood. 1995, in press
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sott C., Dorner B., Karawajew L., Herrmann F., Brach M. A. Transforming growth factor-beta relieves stem cell factor-induced proliferation of myelogenous leukemia cells through inhibition of binding of the transcription factor NF-jun. Blood 1994; 84: 1950–1959
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Vos S., Brach M. A., Asano Y., Ludwig W. D., Bettelheim P., Gruss H. J., Herrmann F. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 interferes with the proliferation-inducing activity of stem cell factor in myelogenous leukemia blasts through functional down-regulation of the c-kit proto-oncogene product. Cancer Res. 1993; 53: 3638–3642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asano Y., Brach M. A., Ahlers A., De Vos S., Butterfield J. H., Ashman L. K., Valent P., Gruss H. J., Herrmann F. Phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate down-regulates expression of the c-kit proto-oncogene product. J. Immunol. 1993; 151: 2345–2354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogawa K., Takeda Y., Tashima M., Sawai H., Toi T., Okazaki T., Sawada H., Maruyama Y., Okuma M. High expression of c-kit in K562YO cells due to the prolonged half-life of its mRNA: the effects of modification with serine/threonine kinase signals. Blood 1995; 85: 1496–1503
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buhring H. J., Herbst R., Kostka G., Bossenmaier B., Bartke I., Kropshofer H., Kalbacher H., Busch F. W., Muller C. A., Schlessinger J. Modulation of p 145c-kit function in cells of patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Cancer Res. 1993; 53: 4424–4431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietsch T., Kyas U., Steffens U., Yakisan E., Hadam M. R., Ludwig W. D., Zsebo K., Welte K. Effects of human stem cell factor (c-kit ligand) on proliferation of myeloid leukemia cells: heterogeneity in response and synergy with other hematopoietic growth factors. Blood 1992; 80: 1199–1206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brugger W., Mocklin W., Heimfeld S., Berenson R. J., Mertelsmann R., Kanz L. Ex vivo expansion of enriched peripheral blood CD34+ progenitor cells by stem cell factor, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-6, IL-3, interferon-gamma, and erythropoietin. Blood 1993; 81: 2579–2584
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNiece I. K., Briddell R. A. Stem cell factor. J. Leukoc. Biol. 1995; 58: 14–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyman S. D., Williams D. E. Biological activities and potential therapeutic uses of steel factor. A new growth factor active on multiple hematopoietic lineages. Am. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 1992; 14: 1–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Robak T. [Stem cell factor] Czynnik wzrostowy komorek pnia (SCF). Acta Heematol. Pol. 1994; 25: 205–214
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morstyn G., Brown S., Gordon M., Crawford J., Demetri G., Rich W., McGuire B., Foote M., McNiece I. Stem cell factor is a potent synergistic factor in hematopoietis. Oncology 1994; 51: 205–214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurtzberg J., Meyers F., McGuire B., Crawford J. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 1993; 34: 211, Abstract
   Google Scholar
• Tong J., Gordon M. S., Srour E. F., Cooper R., McNiece I., Hoffman R. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 1993; 63: 216, Abstract
   Google Scholar
• Demetri G. D., Gordon M., Hoffman R., Hayes D. F., Sledge G., Sullivan S., Edwards R., Merica E., Battiato L., Griffin J. D. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 1993; 34: 217, Abstract
   Google Scholar
• Orazi A., Gordon M. S., Neiman R. S., Sledge G., Battiato L., McNiece I., Hoffman R. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 1993; 34: 465, Abstract
   Google Scholar
• Appelbaum F. R. The use of colony stimulating factors in marrow transplantation. Cancer 1993; 72: 3387–3392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt J., Briddell R. A., Srour E. F., Leemhuis T. B., Hoffman R. Role of c-kit ligand in the expansion of human hematopoietic progenitor cells. Blood 1992; 79: 634–641
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews R. G., Bartelmez S. H., Knitter G. H., Myerson D., Bernstein I. D., Appelbaum F. R., Zsebo K. M. A c-kit ligand, recombinant human stem cell factor, mediates reversible expansion of multiple CD34+ colony-forming cell types in blood and marrow of baboons. Blood 1992; 80: 920–927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews R. G., Bensinger W. I., Knitter G. H., Bartelmez S. H., Longin K., Bernstein I. D., Appelbaum F. R., Zsebo K. M. The ligand for c-kit, stem cell factor, stimulates the circulation of cells that engraft lethally irradiated baboons. Blood 1992; 80: 2715–2720
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein I. D., Andrews R. G., Zsebo K. M. Recombinant human stem cell factor enhances the formation of colonies by CD34+ and CD34+lin- cells, and the generation of colony-forming cell progeny from CD34+lin- cells cultured with interleukin-3, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Blood 1991; 77: 2316–2321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haylock D. N., To L. B., Dowse T. L., Juttner C. A., Simmons P. J. Ex vivo expansion and maturation of peripheral blood CD34+ cells into the myeloid lineage. Blood 1992; 80: 1405–1412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abkowitz J. L., Sabo K. M., Nakamoto B., Blau C. A., Martin F. H., Zsebo K. M., Papayannopoulou T. Diamond-blackfan anemia: in vitro response of erythroid progenitors to the ligand for c-kit. Blood 1991; 78: 2198–2202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olivieri N. F., Grunberger T., Ben David Y., Ng J., Williams D. E., Lyman S., Anderson D. M., Axelrad A. A., Correa P., Bernstein A. Diamond-Blackfan anemia: heterogenous response of hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro to the protein product of the steel locus. Blood 1991; 78: 2211–2215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goselink H. M., Williams D. E., Fibbe W. E., Wessels H. W., Beverstock G. C., Willemze R., Falkenburg J. H. Effect of mast cell growth factor (c-kit ligand) on clonogenic leukemic precursor cells. Blood 1992; 80: 750–757
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galli S. J., Tsai M., Wershil B. K., Tam S. Y., Costa J. J. Regulation of mouse and human mast cell development, survival and function by stem cell factor, the ligand for the c-kit receptor. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 1995; 107: 51–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa J. J., Demetri G. D., Hayes D. F., Merica E. A., Menchaca D. M., Galli S. J. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 1993; 34: 211, Abstract
   Google Scholar
• Foon K. A., Todd R. F. Immunologic classification of leukemia and lymphoma. Blood 1986; 68: 1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar