Cytotoxic Combination of Loxoribine with Fludarabine and Mafosfamide on Freshly Isolated B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells

References

• Gale R. P., Foon K. A. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: recent advances in biology and treatment. Ann. Intern. Med. 1985; 103: 101–120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linet M. S., Blattner W. A. The epidemiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, A. Polliack, D. Catovsky. Harwood Academic Publishers, London 1988
   Google Scholar
• Baccarani M., Cavo M., Gobbi M., Lauria F., Tura S. Staging of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1988; 59: 1191–1196
   Google Scholar
• Lee J. S., Dixon D. O., Kantarjian H. M., Keating M. J., Talpaz M. Prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a multivariate regression analysis of 325 untreated patients. Blood 1987; 929–63; 936
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanada M., Delia D., Aiello A., Stadtmauer E., Reed J. C. Bcl-2 gene hypomethylation and high-level expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1993; 82: 1820–1825
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buschle M., Campana D., Carding S. R. Interferon gamma inhibits apoptotic cell death in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J. Exp. Med. 1993; 177: 213–218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galton D. A.G., Wiltshaw E., Szur L., Dacie J. V. The use of chlorambucil and steroids in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Br. J. Haematol. 1961; 7: 73–98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liepman M., Votaw M. L. The treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with COP chemotherapy. Cancer 1978; 41: 1664–1669
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oken M. M., Kaplan M. E. Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone in the treatment of refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Treat. Rep. 1979; 63: 441–447
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• French Cooperative Group on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia. Long term results of the CHOP regimen in stage C chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br. J. Haematol. 1989; 73(10)334–340
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dillman R. O., Mick R., McLntyre O. R. Pentostatin in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a phase II trial of cancer and leukemia group B. J. Clin. Oncol. 1989; 7: 433–438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tallman M. S., Hakimian D., Zanzig C., et al. Cladribine in the treatment of relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 1995; 13: 983–988
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keating M. J., Kantarjian H., Talpaz M. Fludarabine: a new agent with major activity against chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1988; 74: 19–25
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Brien S., Kantarjian H., Beran M., et al. Results of fludarabine and prednisone therapy in 264 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia with multivariate analysis-derived prognostic model for response to treatment. Blood 1993; 82: 1695–1700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinzani PL., Lauria F., Rondelli D., et al. Fludarabine in patients with advanced and/or resistant B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Eur. J. Haematol. 1993; 51: 93–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keating M. J., Kantarjian H., O'Brien S., et al. Fludarabine: a new agent with marked cytoreductive activity in untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 1991; 9: 44–49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spriano M., Clavio M., Carrara P., et al. Fludarabine in untreated and previously treated B-CLL patients: a report on efficacy and toxicity. Haematologica 1994; 79: 218–226
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goodman M. G., Reitz A. B., Chen R., Bobardt M. D., Goodman J. H., Pope B. L. Selective modulation of elements of the immune system by low molecular weight nucleosides. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Then 1995; 274: 1552–1557
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman M. G., Wormsley S. B., Spinosa J. C., Piro L. D. Loxoribine induces chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to traverse the cell cycle. Blood 1994; 10: 3457–3464
   Google Scholar
• Tosi P., Zinzani PL., Pellacani A., Ottaviani E., Magagnoli M., Tura S. Loxoribine affects fludarabine activity on freshly isolated B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leuk. & Lymph. 1997; 26: 343–348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douay L., Hu C., Giarratana M. C., et al. Amifostine improves the antileukemic therapeutic index of mafosfamide: implications for bone marrow purging. Blood 1995; 86: 2849–2855
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinzani PL., Tosi P., Visani G., et al. Apoptosis induction with three nucleoside analogs on freshly isolated B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Am. J. Hematol. 1994; 47: 301–307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tosi P., Visani G., Ottaviani E., Manfroi S., Zinzani PL., Tura S. Fludarabine+Ara-C+G-CSF: cytotoxic activity and induction of apoptosis on fresh acute myeloid leukemia cells. Leukemia 1994; 8: 2076–2082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Momparler R. R. In vitro systems for evaluation of combination chemotherapy. Pharmacol. Ther. 1980; 8(21.35)
   Google Scholar
• Zinzani PL., Buzzi M., Farabegoli P., et al. Induction of “in vitro” apoptosis by fludarabine in freshly isolated B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leuk. & Lymph. 1994; 13: 95–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robak T., Blasinska-Morawiec M., Blonski J. Z., et al. 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) and prednisone (P) versus chlorambucil (Chl) and prednisone as a first line therapy in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Blood 1997; 90((Suppl 1))420-IV
   Google Scholar
• Rabinowe S. N., Soiffer R. J., Gribben J. G., et al. Autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for poor prognosis patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1993; 82: 1366–1376
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khouri I., Keating M. J., Vriesendorp H. M., et al. Autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: preliminary results. J. Clin. Oncol. 1994; 12: 748–758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastion Felman Y.P., Dumontet C., Espinouse D., Coiffier B. Intensive radiochemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in young patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Bone marrow Transpl. 1992; 10: 467–468
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin P., Hagemeister F. B., Romaguera J. E., et al. Fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and dexamethasone: an effective new regimen for indolent lymphoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 1996; 14: 1262–1268
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinzani P. L., Bendandi M., Magagnoli M., Gherlinzoni F., Merla E., Tura S. Fludarabine-mitoxantrone combination-containing regimen in recurrent low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann. Oncol. 1997; 8: 379–383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estey E., Plunkett W., Gandhi V., et al. Fludarabine and arabinosylcytosine therapy of refractory and relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia. Leuk. & Lymph. 1993; 9: 343–347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visani G., Tosi P., Zinzani PL., et al. FLAG (fludarabine + high-dose cytarabine + G-CSF): an effective and tolerable protocol for the treatment of “poor risk” acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 1994; 8: 1842–1846
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hochster H., Oken M., Bennett J., et al. Efficacy so cyclophosphamide (CYC) and fludarabine (FAMP) as first line therapy of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL)-ECOG 1491. Blood 1994; 84((Suppl 1))383a
   Google Scholar
• Porcellini A., Manna A., Talevi N., et al. Effect of two cyclophosphamide derivatives on hemopoietic progenitor cells and pluripotential stemm cells. Exp. Hematol. 1984; 12: 863–866
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar